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1.
Listeria--review of epidemiology and pathogenesis. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Vidhya Ramaswamy Vincent Mary Cresence Jayan S Rejitha Mohandas Usha Lekshmi K S Dharsana Suryaprasad Priya Prasad Helan Mary Vijila 《Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection》2007,40(1):4-13
Listeria monocytogenes (commonly called Listeria) is a Gram-positive facultatively intracellular foodborne pathogen often found in food and elsewhere in nature. It can cause a rare but serious disease called listeriosis, especially among pregnant women, the elderly or individuals with a weakened immune system. In serious cases, it can lead to brain infection and even death. Listeria is more likely to cause death than other bacteria that cause food poisoning. In fact, 20 to 30% of food borne listeriosis infections in high-risk individuals may be fatal. Recent technological developments have increased the ability of scientists to identify the cause of foodborne illnesses. L. monocytogenes has been used as a model organism for the study of intracellular parasitism. Whilst the basic mechanisms of cellular pathogenesis have been elucidated by a series of elegant studies, recent research has begun to focus upon the gastrointestinal phase of L. monocytogenes infection. Epidemiological studies of outbreaks of human disease now demonstrate that the pathogen can cause gastroenteritis in the absence of invasive disease and associated mortality. Elucidation of whole genome sequences and virulence determinants have greatly contributed to understanding of the organism and its infection pathways. 相似文献
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Aim:This study was carried out to identify the role of adiponectin (APN) in modulating the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) in relation to ocular angiogenesis.Results:ARPE cells exposed to APN showed decreased expression of VEGF mRNA, protein whereas PEDF protein is unaltered and PEDF mRNA was increased.Conclusion:Our in vitro study on ARPE exposed to APN showed a negative correlation with VEGF levels. Thus indicating the protective role for APN in angiogenesis-related diseases.KEY WORDS: Adiponectin, pigment epithelium derived factor, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, vascular endothelial growth factor 相似文献
4.
Jennifer VanderWeele Teresa Pollack Diana Johnson Oakes Colleen Smyrniotis Vidhya Illuri Priyathama Vellanki Kevin OLeary Jane Holl Grazia Aleppo Mark E. Molitch Amisha Wallia 《Journal of diabetes and its complications》2018,32(7):650-654
Aims
This study validated enterprise data warehouse (EDW) data for a cohort of hospitalized patients with a primary diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).Methods
247 patients with 319 admissions for DKA (ICD-9 code 250.12, 250.13, or 250.xx with biochemical criteria for DKA) were admitted to Northwestern Memorial Hospital from 1/1/2010 to 9/1/2013. Validation was performed by electronic medical record (EMR) review of 10% of admissions (N?=?32). Classification of diabetes type (Type 1 vs. Type 2) and DKA clinical status were compared between the EMR review and EDW data.Results
Key findings included incorrect classification of diabetes type in 5 of 32 (16%) admissions and indeterminable classification in 5 admissions. DKA was not present, based on the review, in 11 of 32 (34%) admissions. DKA was not present, based on biochemical criteria, in 15 of 32 (47%) admissions.Conclusions
This study found that EDW data have substantial errors. Some discrepancies can be addressed by refining the EDW query code, while others, related to diabetes classification and DKA diagnosis, cannot be corrected without improving clinical coding accuracy, consistency of medical record documentation, or EMR design. These results support the need for comprehensive validation of data for complex clinical populations obtained through data repositories such as the EDW. 相似文献5.
Myocardial infarction (MI) is an increasing problem, worldwide. An appreciation of its causes and morphology helps provide a basis for development of new interventions, as well as its management, and in the future prevention. Studies have shown that the myocardium does not suffer sudden and complete permanent damage, but rather that it takes time for the damage to start and to progress. It is this interval that is used to salvage myocardium, post ischaemic myocardial events, thus improving patient outcomes. This paper discusses the morphological findings at different time points and illustrates them. 相似文献
6.
Sundaramurthy Srilekha SelvaKumar Ambika Ching Jared Dharani Vidhya Sarangapani Sripriya Yu-Wai-Man Patrick 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2021,259(9):2461-2472
Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common primary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) disorder with the majority of... 相似文献
7.
Neerja Bharti Indu Bala Vidhya Narayan Gurpreet Singh 《Acta anaesthesiologica Taiwanica》2013,51(1):10-13
Study objectiveGabapentin is an inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system. This prospective randomized double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the effects of gabapentin on intraoperative propofol requirements, hemodynamic variables, and postoperative pain relief in breast cancer patients.Materials and methodsForty adult females of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Grade I-II physical status, undergoing total mastectomy for breast cancer were included. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Two hours prior to surgery the gabapentin group received gabapentin 600 mg and the control group received placebo. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous fentanyl, propofol, and vecuronium, and maintained with propofol infusion titrated according to the bispectral index. Postoperative analgesia was provided with intramuscular diclofenac sodium and intravenous morphine on demand.ResultsThe intraoperative propofol consumption was significantly less in the gabapentin group as compared with the control group (p = 0.009), whereas there was no difference in fentanyl and vecuronium requirements. Patients in the gabapentin group had lower pain scores at 30 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours postoperatively (p < 0.001). The postoperative morphine consumption was also less in the gabapentin group compared with the control group (p = 0.006). No significant adverse effects were noticeable.ConclusionPreoperative administration of gabapentin reduced intraoperative propofol requirements and postoperative analgesic consumption in breast cancer patients undergoing total mastectomy. 相似文献
8.
Butany J Nair V Ahluwalia MS Graba J El Demellawy D Rao V Ross H 《The Canadian journal of cardiology》2004,20(9):911-914
The present report describes a case of eosinophilic myocarditis complicating hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The 47-year-old female patient, known to have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, was admitted with biventricular failure and managed aggressively with dobutamine infusion and other drugs while being assessed for heart transplantation. On transthoracic echocardiogram, she had moderate left ventricular dysfunction with regional variability and moderate mitral regurgitation. The recipient's heart showed the features of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and myocarditis with abundant eosinophils. Myocarditis is rare and eosinophilic myocarditis is rarer. It is likely that the hypersensitivity (eosinophilic) myocarditis was related to dobutamine infusion therapy. Eosinophilic myocarditis has been reported with an incidence of 2.4% to 7.2% in explanted hearts and may be related to multidrug therapy. 相似文献
9.
Jagdish Butany M.B.B.S. M.S. F.R.C.P.C. Gursharan Singh B.Sc. Jessica Henry B.A. Shaun W. Leong B.Sc. Vidhya Nair M.D. Molly Thangaroopan M.D. F.R.C.S.C. Christopher Feindel M.D. F.R.C.S.C. Rita Kandel M.D. F.R.C.P.C. 《The International journal of angiology》2006,15(1):43-50
Vascular smooth muscle tumors, benign or malignant, are rare and encompass a variety of neoplastic lesions characterized histologically
by their similarity to adult smooth muscle tissue. Leiomyomatosis, a benign neoplasm, primarily arising from within the uterine
and extrauterine venous systems, and leiomyosarcoma, a malignant neoplasm arising predominantly in larger veins, while relatively
rare, are nevertheless a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. We present a review of case of leiomyomatosis and leiomyosarcomas
seen over a 35-month period, and an 18-year review of the literature. All tissues were fixed in 10% formalin, photographed,
examined, and gross features described. Tissue samples were processed for light microscopy and stained with hematoxylin–eosin.
The clinical records were reviewed. Eight cases of intravascular leiomyomatoses and five cases of leiomyosarcomas are presented
in this series. Gross findings of resected intravascular leiomyomatosis were remarkably similar, although tumor size varied
greatly between patients. Histologically, the tumor masses were similar. Gross and histological analysis of leiomyosarcoma
masses revealed tumors of varying grades of malignancy. Vascular smooth muscle tumors that extend through or directly involve
the vasculature are rare and difficult to diagnose and manage. Surgical resection remains the most effective treatment, although
chemotherapy in isolated cases has been shown to have a positive effect. Appropriate interpretation and diagnosis are crucial
for effective management. 相似文献
10.
Cardiac tumours: diagnosis and management 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Primary cardiac tumours are rare, with an autopsy incidence ranging from 0.001% to 0.030%. Three-quarters of these tumours are benign and nearly half of the benign tumours are myxomas. Metastases to the heart are far more common than primary cardiac tumours. Primary cardiac tumours present with one or more of the symptoms of the classic triad of: cardiac symptoms and signs resulting from intracardiac obstruction; signs of systemic embolisation; and systemic or constitutional symptoms. They are diagnosed by use of transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiograms, MRI, and CT scan. Whereas surgery is indicated in patients with benign tumours, systemic chemotherapy is indicated in those who have widespread or unresectable malignant disease, and chemotherapy and radiotherapy are usually combined in treatment of patients with primary cardiac lymphomas. The prognosis after surgery is usually excellent in the case of benign tumours but is unfortunately still limited in localised malignant diseases. Patients with sarcomas live for a mean of 3 months to 1 year, and those with lymphomas live up to 5 years if treated, but usually die within 1 month if untreated. 相似文献