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排序方式: 共有649条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
Gabriel Mircescu Dimitrie Capsa Maria Covic Mirela Gherman Caprioara Gheorghe Gluhovschi Ovidiu Golea Nicolae Ursea Liliana Garneata Vasile Cepoi Nicolae Constantinovici Adrian Covic 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2004,19(12):2971-2980
INTRODUCTION. This report describes the current status of nephrology and renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Romania, a country with previously limited facilities, highlighting national changes in the European context. METHODS: Trends in RRT development were analysed in 2003, on a national basis, using the same questionnaires as in previous surveys (1991, 1995). Survival data and prognostic risk factors were calculated retrospectively from a large representative sample of 2284 patients starting RRT between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2001 (44% of the total RRT population investigated). RESULTS: In 2003, RRT incidence [128 per million population (p.m.p.)] and prevalence (250 p.m.p.) were six and five times higher, respectively, than in 1995. The annual rate of increase in the stock of RRT patients (11%) was supported mainly by an exponential development of the continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) population (+600%), while the haemodialysis (HD) growth rate was stable (+33%) and renal transplantation made a marginal contribution. Renal care infrastructure followed the same trend: nephrology departments (+100%) and nephrologists (+205%). The characteristics of RRT incident patients changed accordingly to current European epidemiology (increasing age and prevalence of diabetes and nephroangiosclerosis). The estimated overall survival of RRT patients in Romania was 90.6% at 1 year [confidence interval (CI) 89.4-91.8] and 62.2% at 5 years (CI 59.4-65.0). Patients' survival was negatively influenced (Cox regression analysis) by age >65 years (P < 0.001), lack of pre-dialysis monitoring by a nephrologist [P = 0.01, hazards ratio (HR) = 0.8], severe anaemia, lack of erythropoetin treatment (P < 0.001, HR = 0.6), and co-morbidity, e.g. cardiovascular diseases (P < 0.001, HR = 1.8) and diabetes mellitus (P < 0.001, HR = 2.2). CONCLUSIONS: Although the rate of increase in RRT patient stock in 1996-2003 in Romania was the highest in Europe, the prevalence remained below the European mean. As CAPD had the greatest expansion, followed by HD, an effective transplantation programme must be set up to overcome the imbalance. The quality of RRT appears to be good and survival was similar to that in other registries. Further evolution implies strategies of prevention, based on national surveys, supported by the Romanian Renal Registry. 相似文献
2.
Regnier V; Meddeb M; Lecointre G; Richard F; Duverger A; Nguyen VC; Dutrillaux B; Bernheim A; Danglot G 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(1):9-16
Type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1) gene encodes for a member of the GTPase
activating protein family and is considered to be a tumor suppressor gene.
Its very high rate of de novo mutation in humans led us to study a specific
feature of this gene: the presence of numerous NF1-related sequences.
According to our results, the human genome contains at least 11 NF1-related
sequences, nine of which are scattered near centromeric sequences of seven
different chromosomes. These NF1-related sequences, whose extent is quite
varied according to loci, are unprocessed copies of the NF1 gene, and bear
numerous mutations. A phylogenetic analysis of the six largest sequences
indicates that they are all derived from a common ancestor, which would
have appeared 22-33 million years ago, and was subsequently duplicated
several times during hominoid evolution. The most recent duplication and
interchromosomal transposition occurred in the last million years
suggesting that the process could still be ongoing. Intriguing similarities
between the evolution of alpha- satellite DNA and NF1-related sequences
suggest the involvement of a common genetic mechanism for the generation
and pericentric spreading of these NF1 partial copies.
相似文献
3.
Golli M; Van Nhieu JT; Mathieu D; Zafrani ES; Cherqui D; Dhumeaux D; Vasile N; Rahmouni A 《Radiology》1994,190(3):741
4.
Didier Mathieu Alain Rahmouni Norbert Vasile Nedal Jazaerli Christophe Duvoux Jeanne Tran Van Nhieu Elie Serge Zafrani 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》1994,4(3):506-508
This case report illustrates atypical magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings in a liver hemangioma mimicking a malignant lesion—lower signal intensity than cerebrospinal fluid on T2-weighted spin-echo images and lack of early enhancement on dynamic contrast material—enhanced gradient-echo images. Pathologic analysis demonstrated nearly total replacement of the vascular cavities by dense fibrous tissue. In this rare, sclerosed form, this lesion could not be defined as a hemangioma with MR imaging. 相似文献
5.
A Rahmouni A Margenet-Baudry P Guerrini M C Anglade M Golli N Vasile 《Journal de radiologie》1992,73(12):657-662
On chest radiographs, the precise assessment of thoracic injuries consecutive to blunt trauma is often compromised by the nonspecific appearance of many lesions. Furthermore, significant injuries are frequently overlooked. However, the management of the patients with chest trauma is still often based primarily upon clinical and radiographic findings and Computed Tomography (CT) is often performed secondarily on the basis of unexplained clinical signs or suspected radiographic abnormality. Some authors have reported that CT was a highly sensitive method for detecting thoracic lesions frequently not seen or underestimated on conventional supine chest radiographs. However, the value that these new CT findings could have in the therapeutic management of these patients, have not been systematically investigated to our knowledge, except in a limited series suggesting that the course of critically ill patients could be substantially altered after thoracic CT. In order to estimate the role of early CT in the management of patient care, we report the therapeutic consequences of CT findings in forty patients who we report the therapeutic consequences of CT findings in forty patients who had a thoracic CT within few hours following a chest injury. We showed that early thoracic CT scan in patients with blunt trauma detected significantly more lesions than did chest X-Ray and appreciably modified the treatment modalities in 70% of our patients. We then recommend that all the patients admitted in ICU after chest trauma undergo a thoracic CT scan as soon as possible in order to optimize their treatment modalities. 相似文献
6.
R Carretta B Fabris F Fischetti M Bardelli S Muiesan F Vran A Vasile L Campanacci 《Nephron》1992,62(4):429-433
Hypotension is a common problem in patients on hemodialysis. To further investigate this problem, the number of platelet alpha 2-adrenoceptors and the activity of lymphomonocyte beta 2-adrenoceptors were measured in 10 hemodialyzed patients with normal blood pressure and in 10 sex- and age-matched persistently hypotensive hemodialyzed patients. Density of alpha 2-adrenoceptors was assessed by the specific binding of 3H-yohimbine to intact platelets, while the function of beta 2-adrenoceptors was estimated by the production of cAMP after the exposure of lymphomonocytes to isoprenaline. The maximal number of alpha 2-adrenoceptors was increased in the hypotensive compared to the normotensive group (262.13 vs. 77.21 fmol/mg protein; p < 0.01). Plasma norepinephrine was higher in the hypotensive than in the normotensive uremic patients (640 +/- 195 vs. 344 +/- 156 pg/ml; p < 0.01). Plasma epinephrine did not differ in the two groups (90 +/- 30 vs. 94 +/- 24 pg/ml). The amount of cAMP, produced by stimulation of lymphomonocytes, was lower in the hypotensive than that in the normotensive uremic patients (7.7 +/- 2.4 vs. 15.6 +/- 5.4 pmol/10(6) cells; p < 0.002). The increased number of alpha 2-adrenoceptors together with a high level of norepinephrine and reduced activity of adenylate cyclase (coupled with beta 2-adrenoceptors) support the hypothesis that hypotension in the hemodialyzed uremic patients may be related to a defect in adrenoceptor coupling mechanisms. 相似文献
7.
Adrian Florin Gal Vasile Rus Sanda Andrei Viorel Miclăuş 《Journal of histotechnology》2020,43(2):97-101
ABSTRACT Early detection of apoptotic cells on histological slides is of major importance for both diagnostic and research areas. In the current study, the aim was to propose a convenient method to stain the mitochondria and establish whether hepatocytes undergoing apoptosis can be identified in tissue sections using the proposed method. Liver tissue from five adult chinchillas was fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin for Goldner’s trichrome (GT) and Groat’s iron hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stains and with Kolster’s fixative for the Heidenhain’s iron hematoxylin procedure. The HE and GT-stained sections showed the morphological features consistent with apoptosis i.e., homogenous intensely acidophilic cytoplasm, cell shrinkage with an irregular outline, nuclear shrinkage with cloudy karyoplasm, and karyopyknosis in the late stage. Sections stained with Heidenhain’s iron hematoxylin method was used to pinpoint mitochondria and revealed cells which were undergoing the first stages of the apoptosis process i.e., disappearance of mitochondria from the cell, chromatin condensation and margination, paracentral localization of nucleoli, and vacuolated nuclei. In more advanced stages of apoptosis, cells presented significant nuclear and cytoplasmic changes. It was concluded that this is the first report targeting the mitochondria, by performing inexpensive histological staining techniques, in order to assess dead cells in situ. 相似文献
8.
Arbour NC; Zlotogora J; Knowlton RG; Merin S; Rosenmann A; Kanis AB; Rokhlina T; Stone EM; Sheffield VC 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(5):689-694
Achromatopsia is an autosomal recessive disease of the retina,
characterized clinically by an inability to distinguish colors, impaired
visual acuity, nystagmus and photophobia. A genome-wide search for linkage
was performed using an inbred Jewish kindred from Iran. To facilitate the
genome-wide search, we utilized a DNA pooling strategy which takes
advantage of the likelihood that the disease in this inbred kindred is
inherited by all affected individuals from a common founder. Equal molar
amounts of DNA from all affected individuals were pooled and used as the
PCR template for short tandem repeat polymorphic markers (STRPs). Pooled
DNA from unaffected members of the kindred was used as a control. A
reduction in the number of alleles in the affected versus control pool was
observed at several loci. Upon genotyping of individual family members,
significant linkage was established between the disease phenotype and
markers localized on chromosome 2. The highest LOD score observed was 5.4
(theta = 0). When four additional small unrelated families were genotyped,
the combined peak LOD score was 8.2. Analysis of recombinant chromosomes
revealed that the disease gene lies within a 30 cM interval which spans the
centromere. Additional fine-mapping studies identified a region of
homozygosity in all affected individuals, narrowing the region to 14 cM. A
candidate gene for achromatopsia was excluded from this disease interval by
radiation hybrid mapping. Linkage of achromatopsia to chromosome 2 is an
essential first step in the identification of the disease-causing gene.
相似文献
9.
Dynamic CT features of hepatic abscesses 总被引:31,自引:0,他引:31
Forty hepatic abscesses were examined with dynamic computed tomography (CT). A "double target sign," consisting of a hypodense central area surrounded by first a hyperdense ring and then a hypodense zone, seems to be highly suggestive of abscess formation. In 12 cases, the hepatic parenchyma surrounding the lesion demonstrated transient hyperdensity after contrast injection, possibly due to localized hepatic venous obstruction secondary to acute hepatic inflammation. This is similar to the appearance of an arterioportal fistula. 相似文献
10.
Benign and malignant hepatocellular tumors: evaluation of tumoral enhancement after mangafodipir trisodium injection on MR imaging 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Coffin CM Diche T Mahfouz A Alexandre M Caseiro-Alves F Rahmouni A Vasile N Mathieu D 《European radiology》1999,9(3):444-449
The aim of this work was to study the ability of mangafodipir trisodium (Mn-DPDP)-enhanced MR imaging in differentiating
malignant from benign hepatocellular tumors. Eleven patients with pathologically proved hepatocellular carcinomas, six with
focal nodular hyperplasias, and one with a single hepatocellular adenoma were examined by spin-echo and gradient-echo T1-weighted
sequences before, 1 h after, and 24 h after intravenous injection of Mn-DPDP (5 μmol/kg). Quantitative analysis including
enhancement and lesion-to-liver contrast-to-noise ratio, and qualitative analysis including the presence of a central area
and a capsule were done on pre- and post-Mn-DPDP-enhanced images. Enhancement was observed in all the tumors with significant
improvement (p < 0.05) in contrast-to-noise ratio 1 h after, and 24 h after intravenous injection of Mn-DPDP. There were no significant
differences in the mean enhancement and the mean contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between benign and malignant tumors. No enhancement
was seen within internal areas observed in 7 hepatocellular carcinomas, and in 5 focal nodular hyperplasias, and within capsules
which were observed in 9 hepatocellular carcinomas. In our study, Mn-DPDP increased CNR of both benign and malignant tumors
but did not enable differentiation between benign and malignant tumors of hepatocellular nature.
Received: 7 October 1997; Revision received: 25 February 1998; Accepted: 10 July 1998 相似文献