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1.
Differential Stripping: Determination of the Amount of Topically Applied Substances Penetrated into the Hair Follicles
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Alexa Teichmann Ute Jacobi Michael Ossadnik† Heike Richter Stefan Koch† Wolfram Sterry Jürgen Lademann 《Journal of general internal medicine》2005,20(5):264-269
The determination of penetration pathways of topically applied substances into the skin is the subject of several investigations. Recently, follicular penetration has become a major focus of interest. To date, a direct, non-invasive quantification of the amount of topically applied substance penetrated into the follicles had not been possible. The development of such a method was the aim of this study. Therefore, the advantages of both stripping techniques, tape stripping and cyanoacrylate skin surface biopsy, were combined and evaluated. Tape stripping was used to remove the part of the stratum corneum that contained the topically applied dye. Subsequently, the follicular contents were ripped off by cyanoacrylate skin surface biopsy. The combined method termed "differential stripping" was evaluated in vitro and in vivo , and the amount of topically applied fluorescent dye penetrated into the hair follicles was quantified after different penetration times. After 30 min, 5% of the recovered concentration of sodium fluorescein was found in the follicular infundibula, where it was still detectable after 48 h. Altogether, the results of this investigation revealed that differential stripping is a new method that can be used to study the penetration of topically applied substances into the follicular infundibula non-invasively and selectively. 相似文献
2.
Ute Bültmann Renée-Louise Franche Sheilah Hogg-Johnson Pierre Côté Hyunmi Lee Colette Severin Marjan Vidmar Nancy Carnide 《Quality of life research》2007,16(7):1167-1178
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the health status and work limitations in injured workers with musculoskeletal disorders at 1 month post-injury, stratified by return-to-work status, and to document their return-to-work trajectories 6 months post-injury. METHODS: A sample of 632 workers with a back or upper extremity musculoskeletal disorder, who filed a Workplace Safety and Insurance Board lost-time claim injury, participated in this prospective study. Participants were assessed at baseline (1 month post-injury) and at 6 months follow-up. RESULTS: One month post-injury, poor physical health, high levels of depressive symptoms and high work limitations are prevalent in workers, including in those with a sustained first return to work. Workers with a sustained first return to work report a better health status and fewer work limitations than those who experienced a recurrence of work absence or who never returned to work. Six months post-injury, the rate of recurrence of work absence in the trajectories of injured workers who have made at least one return to work attempt is high (38%), including the rate for workers with an initial sustained first return to work (27%). CONCLUSIONS: There are return-to-work status specific health outcomes in injured workers. A sustained first return to work is not equivalent to a complete recovery from musculoskeletal disorders. 相似文献
3.
Oguzkan Sürücü Ulrich Sure Sabine Gaetzner Sonja Stahl Ludwig Benes Helmut Bertalanffy Ute Felbor 《Child's nervous system》2006,22(11):1461-1464
Introduction and background A 3-year-old Bosnian girl with a large symptomatic brainstem and multiple supratentorial cavernous angiomas, who underwent neurosurgical treatment, is presented. As multiple cavernomas are more common in familial cases, genetic analyses and neuroradiological imaging were performed in the patient and her parents to see whether there was any evidence for inheritance. This information is important for genetic counseling and provision of medical care for at-risk relatives. Currently, no recommendation is available on how to manage these cases.Results Genetic analyses demonstrated a novel CCM1 frameshift mutation (c.1683_1684insA; p.V562SfsX6) in the child and the asymptomatic 27-year-old mother. Sensitive gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging of the mother revealed multiple supratentorial lesions, whereas analogous imaging of the father showed no pathological findings.Conclusion This case exemplifies that seemingly sporadic cases with multiple lesions might well be hereditary and that presymptomatic genetic testing of family members may identify relatives for whom clinical and neuroradiological monitoring is indicated. 相似文献
4.
Martin Krause Wolfgang Fogel Volker Tronnier Sabine Pohle Konstanze H?rtnagel Ute Thyen Jens Volkmann 《Movement disorders》2006,21(12):2255-2257
Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with onset in childhood and rapid progression. There is no causative and insufficient symptomatic drug therapy. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the internal pallidum (GPi) has been reported to improve motor function. Most case reports, however, are limited to short observational periods. The impact of DBS on the progression and life expectancy in PKAN is unknown. We present a 5-year outcome and video documentation of bilateral GPi-DBS of an adolescent patient suffering from genetically defined PKAN. 相似文献
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Kari T Kivist? Olaf Grisk Ute Hofmann Konrad Meissner Klaus-Uwe M?ritz Christoph Ritter Katja A Arnold Dieter Lutj?ohann Klaus von Bergmann Ingrid Kl?ting Michel Eichelbaum Heyo K Kroemer 《Drug metabolism and disposition》2005,33(11):1593-1596
The aim of this study was to characterize the role of the efflux transporter Mrp2 (Abcc2) in the pharmacokinetics of orally and intravenously administered pravastatin in rats. Eight Mrp2-deficient TR- rats and eight wild-type rats were given an oral dose of 20 mg/kg pravastatin. Four TR- animals and four wild-type animals were studied after intravenous administration of pravastatin (5 mg/kg). The TR(-) rats showed a 6.1-fold higher mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of pravastatin (p < 0.001) after oral administration and a 4.7-fold higher AUC (p < 0.01) after intravenous administration of pravastatin as compared with the wild-type animals. The mean systemic (total) clearance of pravastatin was 4.6-fold higher (39.2 versus 8.50 l/h/kg, p < 0.001) and the mean V 4.3-fold higher (14.1 versus 3.29 l/kg, p < 0.01) in the wild-type rats. The mean renal clearance of pravastatin in the TR(-) rats was 16.5-fold increased as compared with the wild-type animals (0.695 versus 0.042 l/h/kg, p < 0.05). The increased systemic exposure to oral pravastatin in the TR- rats was associated with a greater inhibitory effect on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase, as shown by smaller lathosterol to cholesterol concentration ratios. These results suggest that the reduced biliary pravastatin excretion in the Mrp2-deficient TR- rats is partly compensated for by increased urinary excretion of pravastatin. Furthermore, intestinal Mrp2 does not appear to play a major role in the oral absorption of pravastatin in normal rats. 相似文献
8.
Peter Schmidt Christa Kühn Jean-Charles Maillard Christian Pitra Ute Tiemann Rosemarie Weikard Manfred Schwerin 《Journal of interferon & cytokine research》2002,22(9):923-934
This study aimed to identify interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) gene variants in cattle for diagnostic purposes. Therefore, the entire bovine IFN-gamma gene (BoIFNG) and 2605 bp of its promoter DNA were sequenced. The BoIFNG DNA sequence conforms to the published part of Bo-IFN-gamma cDNA. Primer extension experiments show the presence of a 5' extension of exon 1 by 42 nucleotides (nt). One SINE element (Bov-A2) is located in the 5'-region, and two SINE elements (Bov-tA, Bov-B) are contained in the 3'-region of BoIFNG. The variants were detected by comparative sequence analysis of PCR amplicons from different bovine species. Four polymorphic mononucleotide repeats are situated in the promoter and in intron 1. Four distinct series of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were found in functionally important regions of BoIFNG. The region between the two intron 1 microsatellites contains the highest density of SNPs in Bos taurus breeds. One G-T transversion in the coding region of exon 1 causes a Gly(14) to Val(14) exchange in the BoIFNG signal peptide of different bovine species. A G-A transition in exon 2 encodes a Ser(19) to Asn(19) change in the mature protein of the Tibetan yak. Genotyping of randomly sampled Holstein Friesian cows at selected SNPs and of both intron 1 microsatellites revealed two dominant BoIFNG microhaplotypes. The detected SNPs improve the recently reported genotyping system of cattle. 相似文献
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Kretschmer U Bonhagen K Debes GF Mittrücker HW Erb KJ Liesenfeld O Zaiss D Kamradt T Syrbe U Hamann A 《European journal of immunology》2004,34(11):3070-3081
Endothelial selectins are crucial for the recruitment of leukocytes into sites of inflammation. On T cells, ligands for selectins become induced upon differentiation into the effector/memory stage. Initial in vitro studies suggested a correlation between the Th1 phenotype and ligand expression, but whether this also holds true in vivo remained uncertain. We here analyzed selectin ligands on CD4+ T cells producing IFN-gamma, IL-4 or IL-10, prototypic cytokines of the Th1, Th2 and Tr1 subset, respectively. We analyzed mice infected with influenza virus, the bacterium Listeria, and the parasites Toxoplasma (all Th1 models) or Nippostrongylus (Th2 model). A link between the Th1 phenotype and ligand expression was not found in vivo. Surprisingly, the potentially regulatory IL-10-producing T cells displayed the highest frequency of ligand-positive cells in general. Within the inflamed tissues, the frequencies of P-selectin-binding cells increased in the dominant subset, either Th1 or Th2. Up-regulation was also found for E-selectin ligands during influenza, but not Nippostrongylus infection. In conclusion, conditions driving T cell polarization into either Th1 or Th2 in vivo do not affect the expression of selectin ligands, but acquisition of P-selectin binding and hence migration into inflamed tissues is boosted by an inflammatory milieu. 相似文献