Comparison between self-reported physical activity (IPAQ-SF) and pedometer among overweight and obese women in the MyBFF@home study

Background

Several methods have been developed to determine a person’s physical activity level. However, there is limited evidence in determining whether someone is physically active or not. This study aims to determine the level of physical activity and to compare the usage of short version International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) and pedometer among overweight and obese women who were involved in the My Body is Fit and Fabulous at home (MyBFF@home) study.

Methods

Baseline and sixth month data from the MyBFF@home study were used for this purpose. A total of 169 of overweight and obese respondents answered the IPAQ-SF and were asked to use a pedometer for 7 days. Data from IPAQ-SF were categorised as inactive and active while data from pedometer were categorised as insufficiently active and sufficiently active by standard classification. Data on sociodemographic and anthropometry were also obtained. Cohen’s kappa was applied to measure the agreement of IPAQ-SF and pedometer in determining the physical activity level. Pre-post cross tabulation table was created to evaluate the changes in physical activity over 6 months.

Results

From 169 available respondents, 167 (98.8%) completed the IPAQ-SF and 107 (63.3%) utilised the pedometer. A total of 102 (61.1%) respondents were categorised as active from the IPAQ-SF. Meanwhile, only 9 (8.4%) respondents were categorised as sufficiently active via pedometer. Cohen’s κ found there was a poor agreement between the two methods, κ?=?0.055, p?>?0.05. After sixth months, there was +?9.4% increment in respondents who were active when assessed by IPAQ-SF but ??1.3% reductions for respondents being sufficiently active when assessed by pedometer. McNemar’s test determined that there was no significant difference in the proportion of inactive and active respondents by IPAQ-SF or sufficiently active and insufficiently active by pedometer from the baseline and sixth month of intervention.

Conclusion

The IPAQ-SF and pedometer were both able to measure physical activity. However, poor agreement between these two methods were observed among overweight and obese women.

     

A Clinical Scoring System to Predict the Clinical Sequelae of Computed Tomography Diagnosed Intussusception

World Journal of Surgery - Intussusception in adults is increasingly diagnosed on cross-sectional imaging with a lack of clear recommendations on management. The presence of an underlying lead...     

Relationship between Mean Platelet Volume and Critical Limb Ischemia in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus continues to increase from year to year. Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus with a high mortality rate and requires amputation if not treated properly. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of platelet activation and is expected to be a predictor of CLI in diabetes mellitus patients.This article investigates the relationship between MPV and the incidence of CLI in diabetes mellitus patients.This case–control study was conducted using the vascular registry of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from January 2016 to December 2016. The relationship between MPV and the incidence of CLI was analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. There was a significant association between MPV and incidence of CLI in diabetes mellitus patient both on bivariate analysis ( p  = 0.035) and multivariate analysis ( p  = 0.029). Diabetes mellitus patients with MPV values of ≥ 9.8 fl had a protective effect to prevent the incidence of CLI (bivariate analysis: odds ratio [OR] = 0.366, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.142–0.943; multivariate analysis: adjusted OR = 0.288, 95% CI = 0.09–0.88). Confounding factors such as sex, age, obesity, and use of antiplatelet agents were not associated with the incidence of CLI ( p  > 0.05). Meanwhile, history of dyslipidemia as a confounding factor was significantly associated with the incidence of CLI ( p  < 0.05). Low MPV was found to be significantly associated with the incidence of CLI in diabetes mellitus patients.     

Lateral temporal lobectomy with hippocampal disconnection as an alternative surgical technique for temporal lobe epilepsy

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is conventionally surgically treated by anterior temporal lobectomy. Temporal disconnection surgery has been proposed to minimize the complications associated with standard temporal lobectomy with comparable seizure control. We report a patient with seizures secondary to hippocampal herniation treated successfully with lateral temporal lobectomy and hippocampal disconnection.     

Asiaticoside Inhibits TNF‐α‐Induced Endothelial Hyperpermeability of Human Aortic Endothelial Cells

The increase in endothelial permeability often promotes edema formation in various pathological conditions. Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), a pro‐atherogenic cytokine, impairs endothelial barrier function and causes endothelial dysfunction in early stage of atherosclerosis. Asiaticoside, one of the triterpenoids derived from Centella asiatica, is known to possess antiinflammatory activity. In order to examine the role of asiaticoside in preserving the endothelial barrier, we assessed its effects on endothelial hyperpermeability and disruption of actin filaments evoked by TNF‐α in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). TNF‐α caused an increase in endothelial permeability to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐dextran. Asiaticoside pretreatment significantly suppressed TNF‐α‐induced increased permeability. Asiaticoside also prevented TNF‐α‐induced actin redistribution by suppressing stress fiber formation. However, the increased F to G actin ratio stimulated by TNF‐α was not changed by asiaticoside. Cytochalasin D, an actin depolymerizing agent, was used to correlate the anti‐hyperpermeability effect of asiaticoside with actin cytoskeleton. Surprisingly, asiaticoside failed to prevent cytochalasin D‐induced increased permeability. These results suggest that asiaticoside protects against the disruption of endothelial barrier and actin rearrangement triggered by TNF‐α without a significant change in total actin pool. However, asiaticoside seems to work by other mechanisms to maintain the integrity of endothelial barrier rather than stabilizing the F‐actin organization. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Assessing the Parasight-F test in northeastern Papua,Indonesia, an area of mixed Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax transmission

User-friendly, reliable, and inexpensive methods for diagnosing malaria are needed at the primary health care level. During a randomized treatment trial, the Parasight-F test was assessed on days 0, 3, 7, and 28 against standard light microscopy of Giemsa-stained thick blood smears for diagnosing Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia in patients with P. falciparum (n = 84) or P. vivax (n = 59) malaria. The median P. falciparum parasite count on day 0 was 2,373/microL (range = 20-74,432/microL). At the start of treatment, the Parasight-F test had a sensitivity of 95.2% (80 of 84; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 88.2-98.7), and a specificity of 94.9% (56 of 59; 95% CI = 85.8-98.9). On day 7, this test showed false-positive results in 17 (16.3%) of 104 patients (95% CI = 9.8-24.9). The Parasight-F test performed well when compared with light microscopy in detecting P. falciparum parasitemia in patients presenting with clinical malaria. However, the high false-positive rate on day 7 limits its use for patient follow-up.     

Effects of mitragynine from Mitragyna speciosa Korth leaves on working memory

Aim of the study

Mitragyna speciosa Korth from Rubiaceae family is a tropical plant indigenous to Southeast Asia particularly in Thailand, Peninsular of Malaysia and Indonesia. The leaves have been used by natives for their opium-like effect and cocaine-like stimulant ability to combat fatigue and enhance tolerance to hard work. However there is no scientific information about the effect of mitragynine on the cognitive performances. This study is designed to examine the working memory effects of mitragynine which is extracted from Mitragyna speciosa mature leaves.

Materials and methods

The cognitive effect was studied using object location task and the motor activity in open-field test. Mitragynine 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg and were administered by intraperitoneal (IP) for 28 consecutive days and evaluated on day 28 after the last dose treatment. Scopolamine was used as the control positive drug.

Results

In this study there is prominent effects on horizontal locomotor activity was observed. Mitragynine significantly reduced locomotor activity in open-field test compared with vehicle. In object location task mitragynine (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) did not showed any significances discrimination between the object that had changed position than the object that had remain in a constant position.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that chronic administration of mitragynine can altered the cognitive behavioral function in mice.     

Variation of usual interstitial pneumonia using HRCT in Scleroderma Patients

Progressive Systemic Sclerosis or Scleroderma is a systemic inflammation marked by endothelial damaged, fibrosis, and inflammation in skin, joints, and visceral organs. Pulmonary hypertension and interstitial pulmonary disease (Ssc-ILD) are the most reported pulmonary complications in scleroderma patients. The pathogenesis of SSc- ILD is not well understood and the spectrum of SSc-ILD ranges from minimal lung involvement, which is often non-progressive, to severe illnesses. Usual Interstitial Pneumonia''s (UIP) is one pattern of Ssc-ILD, marked in one-third of the patients with characteristic of honeycomb appearance and bronchiectasis. It is very important to determine the UIP based on radiology imaging especially with the presence of a poor prognosis in patients with UIP. This case report will discuss the importance of finding UIP-type ILD patterns based on HRCT in patients with scleroderma and different outcome.