全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1640篇 |
免费 | 120篇 |
国内免费 | 22篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 44篇 |
妇产科学 | 21篇 |
基础医学 | 244篇 |
口腔科学 | 15篇 |
临床医学 | 165篇 |
内科学 | 311篇 |
皮肤病学 | 30篇 |
神经病学 | 174篇 |
特种医学 | 77篇 |
外科学 | 304篇 |
综合类 | 59篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 120篇 |
眼科学 | 10篇 |
药学 | 99篇 |
中国医学 | 11篇 |
肿瘤学 | 92篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 20篇 |
2021年 | 23篇 |
2020年 | 21篇 |
2019年 | 32篇 |
2018年 | 40篇 |
2017年 | 39篇 |
2016年 | 33篇 |
2015年 | 60篇 |
2014年 | 53篇 |
2013年 | 72篇 |
2012年 | 63篇 |
2011年 | 93篇 |
2010年 | 82篇 |
2009年 | 83篇 |
2008年 | 83篇 |
2007年 | 102篇 |
2006年 | 99篇 |
2005年 | 88篇 |
2004年 | 67篇 |
2003年 | 74篇 |
2002年 | 81篇 |
2001年 | 49篇 |
2000年 | 34篇 |
1999年 | 37篇 |
1998年 | 46篇 |
1997年 | 39篇 |
1996年 | 28篇 |
1995年 | 21篇 |
1994年 | 22篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1782条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Paired kidney analysis of tacrolimus and cyclosporine microemulsion-based therapy in Chinese cadaveric renal transplant recipients 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Chi Yuen Cheung Kim Ming Wong Hoi Wong Chan Yan Lun Liu Yiu Han Chan Ho Sing Wong Wai Leung Chak Koon Shing Choi Ka Foon Chau Chun Sang Li 《Transplant international》2006,19(8):657-666
Few studies used paired kidneys for comparison between tacrolimus and cyclosporine in renal transplantation. Most of the published data used whole blood trough levels for drug monitoring. However, the use of limited sampling strategy and abbreviated formula to estimate the 12-h area under concentration-time curve (AUC(0-12)) allowed better prediction of drug exposure. Sixty-six first cadaveric renal transplant recipients receiving paired kidneys were randomized to receive either tacrolimus-based (n = 33) or cyclosporine microemulsion (Neoral)-based therapies (n = 33). Abbreviated AUC(0-12) was used for drug monitoring and dose titration. Mean follow-up duration was 2.8 +/- 2 years. The patient and graft survival were comparable. Fewer incidence of acute rejection was observed in tacrolimus group (15% vs. 27.3%) though the difference was not significant (P = 0.23). The absolute value and the rate of decline of creatinine clearance were both significantly better in tacrolimus-treated patients. Prevalence of hypertension, post-transplant diabetes mellitus, infection, and malignancy were similar in both groups. Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (11/33 vs. 4/33) and gum hypertrophy (6/33 vs. 1/33) was more common in cyclosporine-treated patients (P = 0.04 in both parameters). This was the first prospective, randomized study with paired kidney analysis showing the renal function was significantly better in tacrolimus-treated patients than in cyclosporine-treated patients. 相似文献
4.
5.
AP de Moraes† ÉÂG de Arruda† MAV Vitoriano† MO de Moraes Filho‡ FÂF Bezerra‡ E de Magalhães Holanda§ MEA de Moraes‡ 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2007,21(5):596-601
BACKGROUND: Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) is a common dermatosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, many of whom do not respond satisfactorily to conventional topical treatments such as corticosteroids and antifungals. OBJECTIVE: A pilot study to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of pimecrolimus cream 1% in HIV-positive patients with facial SD. METHODS: In a single-centre study, 21 HIV-infected patients with mild to severe SD were treated twice daily with pimecrolimus cream 1% for 14 days. Thereafter, treatment was discontinued and patients followed up for 5 weeks. Skin involvement at baseline and on days 7, 14, 21, 35 and 49 was assessed using a four-point clinical score and digital photography. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Efficacy and safety of pimecrolimus cream 1% treatment and incidence of relapse in the follow-up phase. Results Marked improvement was seen in clinical parameters at day 7, with >or= 90% patients clear of symptoms at day 14. Relapse was observed at day 35 but signs were milder than at baseline. All patients responded to therapy, despite their immunological status. Pimecrolimus did not alter CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell counts or viral load during the treatment period. CONCLUSION: Pimecrolimus cream represents a new, effective therapeutic option for facial SD in HIV patients. 相似文献
6.
Abdul Rahman Arishi M. Ezzedien Rabie M. Shahid Hussain Khan Hassan Sumaili Hassan Shaabi Nabil Tadros Michael Bheem Sing Shekhawat 《JSLS, Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons》2008,12(3):321-325
Spillage of gallstones may occur in the course of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The incidence of this mishap and its consequences are variable. Ignored by many surgeons, stone spillage may be the source of significant morbidity many years after surgery. In this report, we describe the clinical course of a patient who presented with upper abdominal pain and swelling. The past history was positive for laparoscopic cholecystectomy 15 years earlier. After excision, the swelling was found to be a pseudocyst formed around spilled gallstones during a previous cholecystectomy. Apart from postoperative wound infection, the patient recovered well and remains so. Here, we discuss the problem and provide suggestions for spillage prevention and stone retrieval once spillage occurs. 相似文献
7.
8.
In-vitro maturation of human germinal vesicle stage oocytes: role of cumulus cells and epidermal growth factor in the culture medium 总被引:21,自引:6,他引:21
Goud PT; Goud AP; Qian C; Laverge H; Van der Elst J; De Sutter P; Dhont M 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(6):1638-1644
In-vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is a promising technique to reduce the
costs and avert the side-effects of gonadotrophin stimulation for in-vitro
fertilization (IVF). The pregnancy rates from oocytes matured in vitro are
much lower than those of in-vivo stimulation cycles indicating that
optimization of IVM remains a challenge. Therefore, we investigated the
effect of supplementation of the medium with gonadotrophins, oestradiol and
epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the effect of retaining or removing the
cumulus cells on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of immature oocytes.
Human germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes obtained after gonadotrophin
stimulation for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were cultured in a
complex defined medium either supplemented with gonadotrophins, oestradiol
and physiological concentrations of EGF (2 ng/ml) or gonadotrophins and
oestradiol alone. The cumulus cells were either removed or kept intact. In
GV stage oocytes cultured without cumulus (group I) significantly more
oocytes reached the metaphase II (MII) stage at 30 h in media supplemented
with EGF (64.3 versus 33.9%, P < 0.003). For oocytes cultured with
intact cumulus (group II), more oocytes reached MII at 30 h than in group
I, but there was no difference in medium with or without EGF
supplementation (81.8 and 79.8% respectively). Cytoplasmic maturation of
MII oocytes was judged from their capability to activate and fertilize
after ICSI. In group I, the rates of activation and normal fertilization
were similar. However, in group II, significantly more oocytes underwent
normal fertilization in the EGF-supplemented than the unsupplemented group
(71.7 versus 45.6%, P < 0.05). The cleavage rates of the fertilized
oocytes were similar in the sibling oocyte subgroups cultured with or
without EGF supplementation, but the overall cleavage rates were higher in
cumulus-intact compared to cumulus-denuded oocytes (88.9 versus 47.8%, P
< 0.001). Thus, supplementation of the maturation medium with EGF and
maintenance of the cumulus during culture improve the nuclear and
cytoplasmic maturation of human oocytes in vitro.
相似文献
9.
Chronic Prosthetic Hip Infection Caused by a Small-Colony Variant of Escherichia coli 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of clinical microbiology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Andreas Roggenkamp Andreas Sing Mathias Hornef Ulrich Brunner Ingo B. Autenrieth Jürgen Heesemann 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1998,36(9):2530-2534
From two different specimens of a chronic prosthetic hip infection taken at an interval of 2 months a slow-growing gram-negative bacterium was isolated in pure culture. The strain grew with the typical features of a small-colony variant (SCV). 16S rRNA sequencing identified the bacterium as Escherichia coli. Biochemical characterization demonstrated multiple phenotypic alterations of a mutant carrying a defect in the heme biosynthetic pathway (Hem−): (i) catalase and nitrate reductase reactions were both negative, (ii) a negative benzidine reaction demonstrated the lack of heme-containing cytochromes, and (iii) growth stimulation under anaerobic conditions as well as gentamicin resistance indicated defective aerobic respiration. PCR and Southern hybridization demonstrated that the mutation of the SCV of E. coli was localized in the hemB gene and was most likely due to a deletion of the hemB gene. On blood agar plates revertants were recognized growing as normal-sized colonies between the dominant small colonies of the strain. Feeding experiments indicated that the revertants but not the small colonies were permeable for hemin. A strong antibody response against the infecting SCV of E. coli was found. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a Hem− E. coli strain as the etiological agent of a chronic bacterial infection. 相似文献
10.
Krushkal J; Xiong M; Ferrell R; Sing CF; Turner ST; Boerwinkle E 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(9):1379-1383
Elevated blood pressure is an important risk factor for renal-, cerebro-
and cardiovascular diseases. We used an efficient discordant sib-pair
ascertainment scheme to investigate the impact of the distal end of the
long arm of human chromosome 5 (chromosomal region 5q31.1-qter) containing
genes for the alpha1B and beta2 adrenergic receptors and the dopamine
receptor type 1A on variation of systolic blood pressure in young
Caucasians. We measured eight highly polymorphic markers spanning this
positional candidate gene-rich region in 427 individuals from 55
three-generation pedigrees containing 69 discordant sibling pairs, and
calculated multipoint identity by descent (MIBD) probabilities. The results
of genetic linkage and association tests indicate that the region between
markers D5S2093 and D5S462 is significantly linked to one or more
polymorphic genes influencing interindividual variation in systolic blood
pressure levels. Since the alpha1B adrenergic receptor and dopamine
receptor type 1A genes are located close to these markers, these data
suggest that genetic variation in one or both of these G protein-coupled
receptors, which participate in the control of vascular tone, plays an
important role in influencing interindividual variation in systolic blood
pressure levels.
相似文献