首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   31161篇
  免费   1550篇
  国内免费   174篇
耳鼻咽喉   280篇
儿科学   750篇
妇产科学   456篇
基础医学   3886篇
口腔科学   735篇
临床医学   2180篇
内科学   7869篇
皮肤病学   499篇
神经病学   2600篇
特种医学   1180篇
外科学   5036篇
综合类   156篇
一般理论   1篇
预防医学   828篇
眼科学   652篇
药学   2249篇
中国医学   55篇
肿瘤学   3473篇
  2022年   254篇
  2021年   522篇
  2020年   279篇
  2019年   366篇
  2018年   539篇
  2017年   385篇
  2016年   484篇
  2015年   551篇
  2014年   703篇
  2013年   924篇
  2012年   1405篇
  2011年   1603篇
  2010年   930篇
  2009年   821篇
  2008年   1457篇
  2007年   1673篇
  2006年   1567篇
  2005年   1653篇
  2004年   1630篇
  2003年   1562篇
  2002年   1582篇
  2001年   1028篇
  2000年   1002篇
  1999年   948篇
  1998年   452篇
  1997年   350篇
  1996年   382篇
  1995年   265篇
  1994年   252篇
  1993年   250篇
  1992年   603篇
  1991年   550篇
  1990年   565篇
  1989年   508篇
  1988年   489篇
  1987年   473篇
  1986年   401篇
  1985年   425篇
  1984年   308篇
  1983年   206篇
  1982年   135篇
  1979年   240篇
  1978年   165篇
  1977年   152篇
  1974年   137篇
  1971年   145篇
  1970年   135篇
  1969年   134篇
  1968年   141篇
  1967年   143篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.

Background

Photosensitizers used for photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat dermatologic disease are metabolized into mainly protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which has five absorption wavelength peaks: 410?nm, 510?nm, 545?nm, 580?nm, and 630?nm. Although only red light around 635?nm and blue light around 400?nm are used as light sources for PDT, the efficiency of PDT might be improved by using multiple wavelengths, including those that correspond to the other absorption peaks of PpIX. Furthermore, because the target disease often occurs on the face, a flexible-type light-source unit that can be fitted to the lesion without unnecessarily exposing the mucous membranes, e.g., the eyes, nostrils, and mouth, is preferred.

Objective

We investigated the efficacy of a flexible light-emitting diode (LED) unit that emits multiple wavelengths to improve PDT effects.

Methods

HaCaT cells were incubated with 5-ALA and subsequently irradiated with either a single wavelength or sequentially with two wavelengths. Cell viability and reactive oxygen species were analyzed. Nude mice were implanted with COLO679 cells by subcutaneous injection into the flank. 5-ALA was subcutaneously injected into the tumor. The tumor was irradiated with 50?J/cm2 (day 0) and assessed daily until day 21.

Results

The synergistic PDT effects of dual-wavelength irradiation and reactive oxygen species production were highest with the 405-nm and 505-nm wavelength combination. This dual wavelength combination was also the most effective in vivo.

Conclusion

We could therefore conclude that dual-wavelength PDT is an efficient strategy for improving the therapeutic effects of PDT. Using a flexible LED unit is expected to achieve more uniform irradiation of uneven areas.  相似文献   
2.
3.
4.
5.
A retrospective study of 1058 liver transplant recipients was performed to determine: (i) the incidence, etiology, timing, clinical features and treatment of refractory ascites (RA), (ii) risk factors for RA development, (iii) predictors of RA disappearance, (iv) predictors of survival following RA and (v) the impact of RA on patient survival. Sixty-two patients (5.9%) developed RA and its disappearance occurred in 27/62 cases. Patients having hepatitis C virus (HCV) had a significantly higher hazard rate of developing RA (p < 0.00001). No other baseline characteristic was associated with RA. Cox stepwise regression analysis of the hazard rate of RA disappearance found two significant factors: HCV recurrence as the reason for developing RA implied a poorer outcome (p = 0.006), whereas an unknown reason implied a favorable outcome (p = 0.02). In addition, survival following RA was significantly poorer among patients having bacterial peritonitis or HCV recurrence. Finally, the mortality rate was significantly (nearly 8.6 times) higher in patients following RA development while it was ongoing (p < 0.00001); however, if the RA disappeared, then the additional risk of death also disappeared. This study illustrates the importance of developing an optimal treatment strategy to (i) effectively treat RA if it develops and (ii) prevent hepatitis C recurrence.  相似文献   
6.
Two patients with mesenteric panniculitis are presented. In the first patient, a provisional diagnosis of ileus was made, based on the clinical features and imaging data. Laparotomic findings showed that the ileum was bound tightly by a fibrous strip and dilated, with thickened and swollen mesentery. Incision of the fibrous strip was performed, and the clinical symptoms were improved. The second patient was strongly suspected to have mesenteric panniculitis, from characteristic features on abdominal computed tomography and barium enema. Conservative therapy was effective in this case. We emphasize the variety of clinical courses in mesenteric panniculitis, requiring selection of the most suitable treatment.  相似文献   
7.
Previously, we demonstrated that wrapping dextran fluorescein anionic/cationic lipid complexes with neutral lipids produced a stable formulation that markedly increased the duration of the compound in plasma after intravenous administration to rats. The improved drug-delivery properties of the wrapped liposomes (WL) relative to other formulations suggested that this technology could offer important advantages for the administration of other polyanionic drugs, including antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). In the present study, we investigated the value of WL for formulating fluorescence-labeled phosphorothioated ODN (F-ODN). WL encapsulating F-ODN/cationic lipid complexes were prepared efficiently using similar methodology to that used in our earlier study. Studies confirmed that these WL were stable in vitro. Following intravenous administration to mice, free F-ODN and naked F-ODN/cationic lipid complexes were rapidly eliminated whereas administration of the WL resulted in high blood concentrations of drug that were maintained for several hours. Additional studies were conducted in mice that were inoculated with tumor cells (Caki-1 xenograft model, human kidney); in these experiments, intravenous administration of WL delivered 13 times more F-ODN to the tumor site than achieved after injection of free F-ODN.  相似文献   
8.
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common condition characterized by repetitive sleep‐induced collapse of the upper airways. It is associated with increased risk for hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cerebral stroke, and traffic accidents. In contrast, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a very common disorder defined as various symptoms or esophageal mucosal damage generated by the abnormal reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Patients with OSAS have been reported to have a high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms. The increase of transdiaphragmatic pressure in parallel with the large negative intrathoracic pressure produced during apnea events may directly lead to GER. In addition, some studies have demonstrated improvement in GERD with the application of continuous positive airway pressure, most consistently effective treatment for OSAS. However, GER dose not occur with every apnea. Moreover, the common conditions observed in patients with OSAS, including obesity or alcohol ingestion, are also predisposing factors for GER. A more recent investigation in over 1000 subjects failed to show a causal link between both diseases. Thus, the potential relationship between OSAS and GERD remains controversial. Inconsistencies in definitions of both diseases or sampling biases may contribute to the confusing results.  相似文献   
9.
Postoperative empyema and aspergillosis were diagnosed in a 66-year-old man. Since non-operative therapy was not effective, we performed surgery. On the 8th postoperative day, a covered Ultraflex expandable stent (Boston Scientific, Galway, Ireland) was implanted to make a one-way airway for blocking a major air leak from a bronchopleural fistula causing respiratory distress. His general condition improved gradually, and he was discharged 30 days after stenting. In conclusion, we used a covered Ultraflex expandable stent to make an airway to block an air leak. This may be a new application for this stent.  相似文献   
10.
Factors associated with levels of physical activity at work and during leisure time were analyzed among 577 subjects who had been selected as population controls for a case-control study by random selection from telephone directories. The intensity of physical activity at work was inversely associated with body mass index, the proportion of professionals & managers, consumption of western style breakfast, coffee, butter/margarine, and whisky; and positively associated with rice intake. Frequency of physical activities during leisure time was positively associated with consumption of vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, milk, cheese and coffee, and moderation in eating; and inversely associated with rice intake and the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and medication. The association of physical activity with these factors should be considered in studying its relationship to disease risk.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号