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1.
医院融资经营提高资本利用质量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
着重从资本运作中最主要的手段——融资,去剖析医院以融资方式实现医疗规模迅速扩张的全过程。介绍了经营租赁与融资租赁及其优缺点,并附案例加以说明。 相似文献
2.
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been used in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) primarily to define the disk position. This report examines altered morphology and signal intensity characteristics of the TMJ disk as they relate to the severity of internal derangement. Two hundred sixteen joints in 133 patients with a history of such derangement. were imaged with MR. Disk position, signal intensity, morphology, and the presence of osteoarthritis were determined for each joint. The normal disk was not anteriorly displaced and had a normal "bow-tie" shape. A grade 1 disk was anteriorly displaced and had a normal shape; a grade 2 disk was anteriorly displaced and had an abnormal shape. Forty (19%) joints were considered normal; none of these exhibited osteoarthritis. One hundred thirty-nine (64%) joints were grade 1; osteoarthritis was found in 17%. Thirty-seven (17%) were grade 2; osteoarthritis was found in 95%. All forty normal joints had high or intermediate signal intensity in the disk. Osteoarthritic joints had a higher percentage of disks with diminished intensity (P less than .0001). Severe or untreated osteoarthritis is known to be a complication of TMJ internal derangements; hence this grading system seems to correlate with the severity of internal derangement. 相似文献
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Renal gluconeogenesis and increased glucose utilization in shock 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Differential ability of Th1 and Th2 T cells to express Fas ligand and to undergo activation-induced cell death 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
Ramsdell Fred; Seaman Michael S.; Miller Robert E.; Picha Kathleen S.; Kennedy Mary K.; Lynch David H. 《International immunology》1994,6(10):1545-1553
Stimulation of previously activated T cells through the antigenreceptor can result in the apoptotic death of the respondingcell, a process referred to as activation-induced cell death(AICD). This process appears to involve Fas (CD95) and tts ligand(Fas-L). The distribution of Fas and Fas-L on various T cellsubsets has not been extensively characterized. We have thereforeanalyzed cells committed to a Th1- or Th2-type differentiationpattern for the expression and function of Fas-L. Using botha sensitive bloassay and flow cytometry, we demonstrate thatcloned Th1 cells express high levels of Fas-L, whereas clonedTh cells express only low levels. The expression of Fas-L byTh1 and Th2 cells correlates with the relative abilities ofthese two cell types to undergo AICD. Whereas AICD is readilyobserved in cultures of cloned Th1, but not Th2 cells, Th2 cellsare capable of undergoing apoptosls in the presence of Th1 cellsexpressing Fas-L The ability of T cells to undergo AICD appearsto be unrelated to the presence of various cytokines. Thus,the Fas/Fas-L pathway appears to be critical for the inductionof AICD and this pathway is differentially regulated in cellscommitted to either Th1 or Th2 differentiation. 相似文献
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Summary: Natural killer (NK) cells express families of homologous receptors, members of which either activate or inhibit NK cells. We demonstrate that mouse Ly-49D is an activating receptor for the MHC antigen H2-Dd , which is also a ligand for the related inhibitory receptor Ly-49A. To compare and contrast their interactions with class I MHC ligand, we studied each of these receptors expressed in a rat NK-cell line, RNK-16, for their capacity to recognize wild-type or mutated H2-Dd . Our studies with Ly-49A reveal that functional interaction with H2-Dd depends on residues in the floor of the H2-Dd peptide-binding groove. The recent co-crystal of Ly-49A with H2-Dd indicates that these are not contact residues, thus they may contribute to allelic specificity through conformational changes in H2-Dd . We found that structural requirements for functional recognition of H2-Dd by Ly-49D differ markedly from those for recognition by Ly-49A. We note that H2-Dd expression on certain target cells is not sufficient to activate lysis mediated by Ly-49D, though the additional requirements for functional interaction are not yet identified. Here we review recent studies of Ly-49 receptor ligand specificities and their molecular basis. The functions of these related receptors with opposing functions and shared allospecificity remains unclear.
This work was supported by the Veterans Administration. M.C.N. is also supported by the Arthritis Foundation and the American Cancer Society. W.E.S. received NIH grant RO1 CA69299. We thank J.C. Ryan for communication of unpublished results. We thank H. Houtkooper and T. Ferrin for the molecular graphics image in Fig. 3 , which was created with the MidasPlus modeling system, supported by the NIH grant P41-RR-01081. 相似文献
This work was supported by the Veterans Administration. M.C.N. is also supported by the Arthritis Foundation and the American Cancer Society. W.E.S. received NIH grant RO1 CA69299. We thank J.C. Ryan for communication of unpublished results. We thank H. Houtkooper and T. Ferrin for the molecular graphics image in Fig. 3 , which was created with the MidasPlus modeling system, supported by the NIH grant P41-RR-01081. 相似文献
8.
Diana F. Florescu Jonathan A. Seaman Andre C. Kalil Fang Qiu Douglas Bremers Scott G. Westphal 《Transplantation proceedings》2021,53(3):1058-1063
BackgroundAntibody induction immunosuppression is commonly used in kidney transplantation to decrease the risk of early acute rejection. However, infectious complications may arise in patients treated with higher intensity induction immunosuppression. In this study, we compared the rate of opportunistic infections during the 3 years after kidney transplantation in recipients who received either alemtuzumab or basiliximab for induction therapy.MethodsAll renal transplant recipients from our center who received induction with alemtuzumab between 2011 and 2016 were included and matched 1:2 (by age and date of transplant) to renal transplant recipients who received basiliximab. The primary outcome was the rate of opportunistic infections.ResultsTwenty-seven patients received alemtuzumab (mean age = 50.8 years; SD ±12), and 54 received basiliximab (mean age = 50.8 years; SD ±11.8). Infections within 3 years posttransplant were not different between groups: BK viremia (P = .99), BK nephritis (P = .48), cytomegalovirus infection (P = .13), varicella zoster virus (P = .22), and all infections (P = .87). Time to infection (P = .67), patient survival (P = .21), and time to rejection (P = .098) were similar in both groups. There were also no group differences in delayed graft function (P = .76), graft loss (P = .97), or rejection (P = .2).ConclusionThe rate of infection was not significantly increased in recipients receiving lymphocyte-depleting alemtuzumab compared to recipients receiving basiliximab induction therapy, despite receiving similar maintenance immunosuppression. Although the immunologic risks differed between the 2 groups, there was no observable difference in clinical outcomes. 相似文献
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