全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1300篇 |
免费 | 98篇 |
国内免费 | 53篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 16篇 |
儿科学 | 27篇 |
妇产科学 | 8篇 |
基础医学 | 279篇 |
口腔科学 | 19篇 |
临床医学 | 118篇 |
内科学 | 179篇 |
皮肤病学 | 17篇 |
神经病学 | 64篇 |
特种医学 | 116篇 |
外国民族医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 235篇 |
综合类 | 14篇 |
预防医学 | 44篇 |
眼科学 | 12篇 |
药学 | 68篇 |
肿瘤学 | 233篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 19篇 |
2020年 | 18篇 |
2019年 | 18篇 |
2018年 | 23篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 29篇 |
2015年 | 29篇 |
2014年 | 32篇 |
2013年 | 53篇 |
2012年 | 62篇 |
2011年 | 57篇 |
2010年 | 53篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 53篇 |
2007年 | 86篇 |
2006年 | 66篇 |
2005年 | 52篇 |
2004年 | 59篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 45篇 |
2001年 | 42篇 |
2000年 | 52篇 |
1999年 | 42篇 |
1998年 | 41篇 |
1997年 | 24篇 |
1996年 | 28篇 |
1995年 | 25篇 |
1994年 | 28篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 34篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 10篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 9篇 |
1969年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有1451条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
Zusammenfassung
Entstehung und Progression von Tumoren werden durch Funktionsst?rungen von spezifischen Genen gesteuert. Obwohl das Prostatakarzinom
zu den h?ufigsten Tumoren geh?rt, ist über die bei diesem Tumor involvierten Gene wenig bekannt. Zytogenetische und molekulare
Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, da? chromosomale Deletionen besonders h?ufig das Y-Chromosom, 7q, 8p, 10q, 13q, 16q und 17p
betreffen. Diese Loci dürften für das Prostatakarzinom relevante Tumorsuppressorgene enthalten. H?ufige DNS-Sequenzvermehrungen
von Chromosom 7, 8q und 11q deuten auf die Lokalisation von m?glichen Onkogenen hin. Bereits heute bestehen Anhaltspunkte
für eine Prognoserelevanz genetischer Ver?nderungen. Der Nachweis von Polysomien in Prim?rtumoren deuten auf eine ungünstige
Prognose hin. Eine Amplifikation des Androgenrezeptors spricht für einen Hormontherapie-resistenten Tumor, welcher m?glicherweise
besonders gut auf eine totale Androgenblockade ansprechen wird. Die Identifikation der alterierten Gene und die Entschlüsselung
ihrer Funktion k?nnte in Zukunft zu deutlich verbesserten Behandlungsstretegien für Patienten mit Prostatakarzinom führten.
相似文献
5.
6.
Three hundred seven newborns were examined clinically and by ultrasound for congenital dysplasia of the hip (CDH). The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of sonographic abnormalities and to discover if sonography could be helpful in detecting cases of CDH that would be missed by clinical diagnosis alone. Eighty-two hips (13.4%) had ultrasound abnormalities despite a normal clinical examination. Of these, three developed definite hip dysplasia. The remaining 79 hips became clinically and sonographically normal within 12 weeks. Ultrasound visualized and recorded the dislocation-reposition maneuver of three other hips that were clinically dislocatable at birth. Dislocation occurred in a craniodorsal direction. 相似文献
7.
Uroscopy in the 21st century: high-field NMR spectroscopy 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Neild GH; Foxall PJ; Lindon JC; Holmes EC; Nicholson JK 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(3):404-417
From the experiments described, it can be seen that there are different
research approaches that can be taken and these are summarized in Table 1.
Whereas much scientific research is principally hypothesis led, there
remains, nevertheless, an important place for exploratory research. High
resolution NMR can measure, directly and simultaneously, a wide range of
endogenous metabolites in biological fluids and has the unique capability
of providing structural information on the metabolites detected. It has
proved to be a powerful research tool with which to study inherited
metabolic diseases, renal disease, drug metabolism, and toxicity, and can
be used to monitor the effects of drug therapy. For instance, by using a
library of experimental toxins one can map the metabolic profile of
site-specific nephron injury. With this approach in man one could
eventually take an unknown disease such as Balkan nephropathy and predict
the initial site of tubular injury, the mode of injury and therefore the
kind of toxin capable of producing that injury. NMR spectroscopic
techniques are still advancing rapidly, with ever increasing sensitivity
and sophistication of NMR pulse sequences to enhance structural elucidation
in complex mixtures. Given the advances in directly coupled HPLC-NMR and
even HPLC-NMR-mass spectroscopy it is likely that these technologies in
conjunction with pattern recognition will make major contribution to our
understanding of renal processes and provide new diagnostic insights in the
21st century.
相似文献
8.
Physical Deletion of the p53 Gene in Bladder Cancer: Detection by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization 总被引:1,自引:6,他引:1
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《The American journal of pathology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Guido Sauter Guoren Deng Holger Moch Russell Kerschmann Kouji Matsumura Sandy De Vries Tracy George Jose Fuentes Peter Carroll Michael J. Mihatsch Frederic M. Waldman 《The American journal of pathology》1994,144(4):756-766
To understand better the role of physical p53 deletion in bladder cancer, 106 formalin-fixed and 45 unfixed bladder tumors were examined using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Probes for centromere 17 and the p53 locus were hybridized simultaneously to interphase tumor cells to analyze p53 and chromosome 17 copy number on a cell by cell basis. 17p deletion was found in four of 43 pTa tumors, 18 of 43 pT1 tumors and 29 of 58 pT2-4 tumors (P = 0.0001). 17p deletion was also highly correlated with grade (P = 0.0001) and with p53 immunostaining (P = 0.0005). Chromosome 17 polysomy was associated with stage, grade, 17p deletions, and p53 immunostaining (P = 0.0001). The strong difference in centromere 17 copy number and 17p deletions between pTa and pT1 tumors supports a relevant biological distinction between pTa and pT1 tumors. 相似文献
9.
Chromosome 8p deletions are associated with invasive tumor growth in urinary bladder cancer. 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《The American journal of pathology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
U. Wagner L. Bubendorf T. C. Gasser H. Moch J. P. Grg J. Richter M. J. Mihatsch F. M. Waldman G. Sauter 《The American journal of pathology》1997,151(3):753-759
Alterations of chromosome 8, including deletions of 8p, occur frequently in many tumors. In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to study the relationship between 8p deletions, 8q gains, and phenotype in bladder cancer. Cells from 87 tumors were examined by dual-labeling fluorescence in situ hybridization with a centromere 8 probe (pJM12) and P1 probes for 8p22, 8p12, 8q12, and 8q24. Both 8p22 deletions and 8q24 gains were strongly associated with tumor phenotype. There was a marked difference in 8p22 deletions between noninvasive (pTa) tumors (3/33) and minimally invasive (pT1) tumors (8/19; P = 0.005) whereas there was no significant difference between pT1 and muscle-invasive (pT2-4) tumors (19/35; P = 0.3926). Six tumors with 8p22 deletion were examined at 8p12. Three of these tumors showed no 8p12 deletion, narrowing down the site of a putative tumor suppressor gene distal to 8p12. In one other case, there was a marked increase in 8p12 copy number (> 40 per cell; amplification), suggesting the presence of an oncogene involved in bladder cancer at 8p12. The marked difference in 8p22 deletions between noninvasive (pTa) and minimally invasive (pT1) tumors is consistent with a role of a putative tumor suppressor gene on 8p for development of invasive tumor phenotype. 相似文献
10.
Terracciano LM Bernasconi B Ruck P Stallmach T Briner J Sauter G Moch H Vecchione R Pollice L Pettinato G Gürtl B Ratschek M De Krijger R Tornillo L Bruder E 《Human pathology》2003,34(9):864-871
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common liver tumor in childhood and differs in its environmental risk factors and genetic background from hepatocellular carcinoma. HB is associated with inherited conditions such as familial adenomatous polyposis and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, suggesting the importance of genetic abnormalities in the pathogenesis and progression of this disease. It has a very polymorphous morphology. A diverse range of cytogenetic alterations has been reported to date, the most frequent being trisomy 2 and trisomy 20. Thirty-five HB specimens from 31 patients (22 purely epithelial, 4 purely mesenchymal, 9 mixed) were examined by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), a technique that enables us to screen the entire tumor genome for genetic losses and gains. Our aims were as follows: (1) to characterize chromosome abnormalities that appear in this tumor and (2) to identify possible differences between different histologic subtypes of HB. We found significant gains of genetic material, with very little difference in the number and type of alterations between the different histologic components of HB. The most frequent alterations were gains of Xp (15 cases, 43%) and Xq (21 cases, 60%). This finding was also confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization performed on nuclei extracted from 6 specimens. Other common alterations were 1p-, 2q+, 2q-, 4q-, and 4q+. We found no difference between different histologic subtypes, a finding that may be in agreement with the hypothesis of a common clonal origin for the different components. An hitherto-unreported high frequency of X chromosome gains may support the assumption that X-linked genes are involved in the development of this neoplasm. 相似文献