Cystic variant of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor.

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a benign, locally aggressive odontogenic neoplasm characterized by sheets and nests of epithelial cells with deeply eosinophilic or occasionally clear cytoplasm, calcifications, and eosinophilic amorphous material that stains positive for amyloid. Although many cases of CEOT are associated with impacted teeth and occasionally appear radiographically as dentigerous cysts, a true cystic variant has not been previously reported. We report a 15-year-old white male with a large cystic maxillary lesion that filled most of the left maxillary sinus. It deformed the medial wall, the inferior orbital floor, and caused narrowing of the left inferior meatus. Histologically, the cystic lining showed characteristics of CEOT. An intraluminal component that featured histologic characteristics of CEOT was identified during surgery. The lesion was enucleated and the postsurgical course of the patient was uneventful. Because follow-up has been for less than 1 year, a meaningful long-term prognosis cannot be determined at present. However, the patient has not reported any symptoms or signs of recurrence during the follow-up period.     

Traumatic haemarthrosis causing femoral head subluxation

We report seven children in whom traumatic haemarthrosis of the hip had produced lateral subluxation of the femoral head, which is different from the apparent displacement seen in Perthes' disease. In all seven cases, aspiration of the haemarthrosis allowed reduction of the femoral head, and follow-up for a mean of 14 months revealed no evidence of avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis. Traumatic haemarthrosis of the hip in children appears to be a clinical entity which can produce femoral head subluxation. Aspiration and traction is the treatment of choice and can cure the condition.     

Bicycle accidents]

Authors analyse the 1684 bicycle accidents, observed in the county Vas in one year, compared with the international data. It is underlined that no sufficient attention is given to the bicycle accidents, reaching 6 per cents of all traumas, and the increase of which can be still expected, and to the prophylaxis of these accidents. Especially endangered were found the little children transported on bicycles, those aged 11-14 years and the drunken drivers. Prophylactic measures are suggested.     

Calcium antagonizes the magnesium-induced high affinity state of the hepatic vasopressin receptor for the agonist interaction.

1. The present study describes the role of Ca2+ in the regulation of the hepatic vasopressin V1 receptor. With low concentrations of Ca2+, there was a small increase in [3H]-arginine vasopressin [( 3H]-AVP) binding, but above 10 mM, Ca2+ decreased the binding of this agonist. In contrast, low concentrations of Mg2+ were associated with a dramatic concentration-dependent increase in [3H]-AVP binding, reaching a maximal effect of 650% above control at concentrations ranging between 1-5 mM. At higher concentrations of Mg2+, the stimulatory effect of this cation was less pronounced, falling to 210% of control at 100 mM Mg2+. Strikingly, Ca2(+)-inhibited the stimulatory effect of Mg2+ in a concentration-dependent fashion. 2. Saturation binding data revealed that Ca2+ (2 to 10 mM) per se promotes the high affinity conformation of the V1 receptor for the agonist binding with the KD decreased from a control value of 2.3 nM to 0.5 nM in the presence of 10 mM Ca2+. This effect was attenuated with an increase in Ca2+ above 10 mM. With an increase in Ca2+ to 20 mM, however, the Bmax for [3H]-AVP binding was decreased. Ca2+ also decreased the high affinity/high capacity state (KD 100 pM) of the receptor induced by 1 mM Mg2+ for agonist interaction. 3. [3H]-V1 antagonist binding was inhibited by both Ca2+ and Mg2+. The IC50 values (mean +/- s.e. mean) for Ca2+ and Mg2+ were 32 +/- 8 and 53 +/- 9 mM respectively. Maximal inhibition achieved at 100 mM was 29% for Ca2+ and 42% for Mg2+.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum

Despite the common occurrence of pleomorphic adenoma of major salivary glands, intranasal pleomorphic adenoma are rare. We present a ease of pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum along with a brief review of literature. The histological nature of this lesion in comparison to other salivary gland tumours and the importance of an accurate diagnosis has been stressed.     

Carcinoid tumour of larynx

Rarity of the carcinoid tumours in the larynx prompted us to report this case which has been successfully treated by partial laryngectomy. Oncogenesis of these tumours, mode of treatment and prognosis have been discussed.     

Large deformation three-dimensional image registration in image-guided radiation therapy

In this paper, we present and validate a framework, based on deformable image registration, for automatic processing of serial three-dimensional CT images used in image-guided radiation therapy. A major assumption in deformable image registration has been that, if two images are being registered, every point of one image corresponds appropriately to some point in the other. For intra-treatment images of the prostate, however, this assumption is violated by the variable presence of bowel gas. The framework presented here explicitly extends previous deformable image registration algorithms to accommodate such regions in the image for which no correspondence exists. We show how to use our registration technique as a tool for organ segmentation, and present a statistical analysis of this segmentation method, validating it by comparison with multiple human raters. We also show how the deformable registration technique can be used to determine the dosimetric effect of a given plan in the presence of non-rigid tissue motion. In addition to dose accumulation, we describe a method for estimating the biological effects of tissue motion using a linear-quadratic model. This work is described in the context of a prostate treatment protocol, but it is of general applicability.     

Tracheoesophageal fistula following blunt trauma to the right chest

Tracheoesophageal fistula after blunt trauma is very rare. Typically the patient is a young male driving a car and is thrust onto the steering wheel following sudden deceleration as in a high speed road traffic accident. In our case that victim is a motorcyclist who fell down on his right side and developed such a fistula after 3 days. We report the clinical summary and a brief review of literature.