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排序方式: 共有87条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mikael Lundvall Saideh Rajaei Anna Erlandson Mårten Kyllerman 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》2012,101(1):85-91
Aim: To investigate the prevalence, co‐morbidities and aetiologies of severe mental retardation (SMR) in a cohort of Swedish children and to further penetrate aetiologies in the group with undetermined causes by application of updated clinical‐genetic methods. Methods: The study was population‐based and included children living in the County of Halland in western Sweden in 2004 (born 1987–1998; 46 000 children). Patients were identified through habilitation centres, paediatric clinics and school health services. Patients with unclear prenatal aetiology were investigated with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐array. Results: Severe mental retardation was identified in 133 children from 132 families, corresponding to a prevalence of 2.9 per 1000 children. There were more males than females (90:43).The aetiology was prenatal in 82 (62%), perinatal in 14 (10%) and postnatal in 8 (6%). In 29 (22 %) children, mainly males with autism, the cause could not be related to the time of birth. In the prenatal group, genetic causes dominated, but still 23 children remained undiagnosed; in 5/19 of these patients, a diagnosis could be made after SNP‐array analysis. One or more associated neurological handicaps were found in more than half of the children. Conclusion: Prevalence and co‐morbidity were similar to previous Scandinavian studies. High‐resolution chromosomal micro‐array techniques are valuable diagnostic tools, reducing the number of patients with unexplained SMR. 相似文献
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Most drugs of abuse increase dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens. The effects of ascorbate, which is known to modulate dopamine neurotransmission, on the extracellular level of DOPAC in the nucleus accumbens of naive rats and of rats treated acutely with morphine were studied by using in vivo microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). Acute morphine (20 mg/kg ip) treatment increased the level of DOPAC in the nucleus accumbens to approximately 170% of basal level. Acute treatment with ascorbate (500 mg/kg ip) alone did not alter nucleus accumbens' DOPAC level, but pretreatment with ascorbate (500 mg/kg ip) 30 min before morphine administration attenuated the effects of acute morphine on the level of DOPAC. These results suggest that ascorbate modulates the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway. 相似文献
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Blood flow and muscle metabolism in chronic fatigue syndrome 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
McCully KK Smith S Rajaei S Leigh JS Natelson BH 《Clinical science (London, England : 1979)》2003,104(6):641-647
The purpose of this study was to determine if chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is associated with reduced blood flow and oxidative delivery to skeletal muscle. Patients with CFS according to CDC (Center for Disease Control) criteria ( n =19) were compared with normal sedentary subjects ( n =11). Muscle blood flow was measured with Doppler ultrasound after cuff ischaemia and exercise. Muscle oxygen delivery was measured as the rate of post-exercise and post-ischaemic oxygen-haem resaturation. Oxygen-haem resaturation was measured in the medial gastrocnemius muscle using continuous wavelength near-IR spectroscopy. Muscle metabolism was measured using (31)P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. CFS patients and controls were not different in the peak blood flow after cuff ischaemia, the rate of recovery of phosphocreatine after submaximal exercise, and the rate of recovery of oxygen saturation after cuff ischaemia. In conclusion, CFS patients showed no deficit in blood flow or oxidative metabolism. This suggests that CFS symptoms do not require abnormal peripheral function. 相似文献
6.
Mike Gray Ziba Rajaei‐Dehkordi Marilyn Ewan Richard Wysocki 《The International journal of pharmacy practice》2002,10(Z1):R34-R34
Evidence‐based patient‐completed questionnaires were used to assess patients' risk of osteoporosis Community pharmacists significantly increased patient bone health knowledge which was sustained over a 10‐week period; pharmacists significantly contributed to increasing patients' daily calcium intake in line with national recommendations Patients at high‐risk of osteoporosis were identified, appropriately managed in the pharmacy or referred to GPs and followed‐up Patients indicated satisfaction with the programme and felt they had become more aware of bone health All the programme standards were met and gave a mandate for the roll‐out of revised and improved community‐pharmacy based programmes that could meet the bone health needs of patients 相似文献
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Context
The modern practice of anesthesia is highly dependent ona group of anesthetic drugs which many of them are metabolized in the liver.Evidence Acquisition
The liver, of course, usually tolerates this burden. However, this is not always an unbroken rule. Anesthetic induced apoptosis has gained great concern during the last years; especially considering the neurologic system.Results
However, we have evidence that there is some concern regarding their effects on the liver cells. Fortunately not all the anesthetics are blamed and even some could be used safely, based on the available evidence.Conclusions
Besides, there are some novel agents, yet under research, which could affect the future of anesthetic agents'' fate regarding their hepatic effects. 相似文献9.
Pooneh Nikuei Valeh Hadavi Minoo Rajaei Mozhgan Saberi Fozieh Hajizade Hossein Najmabadi 《Hemoglobin》2013,37(6):539-545
β-Thalassemias are a group of heterogenous recessive disorders common in many parts of the world. Despite the great advances in the treatment of thalassemia, there is so far no cure, but perhaps bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a possibility. Prevention, using prenatal diagnosis and selective abortion in the cases where the fetus is found to be affected, should be considered as a sensible alternative. During the past 5 years, 112 couples have been referred to our Center for detection of their β-thalassemia (β-thal) carrier status. In this group, common and rare mutations were detected. Of these, 106 couples (94.6%) came for counseling during pregancy and six (5.4%) came before becoming pregnant. Prenatal diagnosis was performed for the 106 couples at risk. Fetal DNA was obtained from both chorionic villus sampling (CVS) (99) and amniotic fluid (). Using reverse hybridization, 64 (60.4%) were found to be heterozygous for a β-thal mutation and 24 (22.6%) were normal. Eighteen (17.0%) were found to carry an affected fetus and these pregnancies were terminated. 相似文献
10.
Fateme Rajaei Abbas Esmaili-Sari Nader Bahramifar Mahmood Ghasempouri Mozhgan Savabieasfahani 《Ecotoxicology (London, England)》2010,19(2):329-337
Liver samples (n = 43) of 9 avian species representing the families Phalacrocoracidae, Podicipedidae, Laridae, and Anatidae, were collected
from the Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea. Samples were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
(DDT) and its metabolites, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), and seven PCB congeners. p,p′-DDE was predominantly found in all species, at concentrations ranging from the limit of quantification (LOQ) to 340 ng/g
ww. Most frequently encountered PCB congeners, in all samples, were 118, 153 and 138; and birds in Phalacrocoracidae had the
highest liver PCB (mean 90 ± 32; ranging from <LOQ to 106 ng/g ww) whereas Podicipedidae had the highest OCP (mean 147 ± 49;
ranging from <LOQ to 340 ng/g ww) (P < 0.05). Differences in the diet, and migratory routes, were important species-specific factors that affected hepatic concentration
of OCP and PCB in the species we studied. Range of OCP and PCB concentrations in the present study was lower than those reported
for birds in other regions of the world. Hepatic PCB concentration found in our avian species was below toxic effect levels
that have been previously reported in birds. To our knowledge this is the first report of persistent organochlorine pollutants
in liver of birds from Iran. 相似文献