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Calciphylaxis – a topical overview 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
G Arseculeratne† AT Evans‡ SM Morley† 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2006,20(5):493-502
'Calciphylaxis', a calcification syndrome associated with ischaemic cutaneous necrosis, is acquired naturally in humans in disease states. It is a life and limb-threatening complication, usually observed in patients with renal disease and secondary hyperparathyroidism, but known to occur in the absence of renal or parathyroid disease. The reported mortality rate, which ranges from 60-80%, relates to wound infection, sepsis and organ failure. It is a small-vessel vasculopathy, which is estimated to occur in about 4% of haemodialysis patients. Clinically, violaceous, reticulate areas of cutaneous necrosis and eschar may be evident, particularly in the extremities. In addition to the clinical picture, a raised calcium phosphorous product, an elevated parathyroid hormone level, radiographic evidence of vessel and soft-tissue calcification and the finding of mural calcification affecting small arteries and arterioles on histopathology help to confirm the diagnosis of this entity which generally has a poor prognosis. A high index of suspicion and an active multidisciplinary management approach, with rigorous attention to wound care and prevention of sepsis, are vital in the management of these patients. In this overview, we discuss the pathophysiology, clinical features and associations, risk factors, diagnosis and management issues relating to calciphylaxis. 相似文献
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Mutations in the retinal guanylate cyclase (RETGC-1) gene in dominant cone-rod dystrophy 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Kelsell RE; Gregory-Evans K; Payne AM; Perrault I; Kaplan J; Yang RB; Garbers DL; Bird AC; Moore AT; Hunt DM 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(7):1179-1184
The dominant cone-rod dystrophy gene CORD6 has previously been mapped to
within an 8 cM interval on chromosome 17p12-p13. The retinal- specific
guanylate cyclase gene (RETGC-1), which maps to within this genetic
interval and previously was implicated in Leber's congenital amaurosis, was
screened for mutations within this family and in a panel of small families
and individuals with various cone and cone- rod dystrophy phenotypes. A
missense mutation (E837D) was identified in affected members of the CORD6
family, as well as a second missense mutation (R838C) in three other
families with dominant cone-rod dystrophy. RETGC-1 is only the fourth gene
to be implicated in cone-rod dystrophy and this is the first report of
dominant mutations in this gene.
相似文献
6.
Anderson RA; Wallace AM; Kicman AT; Wu FC 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(8):1657-1662
Administration of supraphysiological doses of testosterone to normal men
causes inhibition of spermatogenesis, but while most become azoospermic,
30-55% maintain a low rate of spermatogenesis. We have investigated whether
there are differences in endogenous androgen production, of testicular and
adrenal origin, which may be related to the degree of suppression of
spermatogenesis. Thirty-three healthy Caucasian men were given weekly i.m.
injections of 200 mg testosterone oenanthate (TE), 18 became azoospermic,
while 15 remained oligozoospermic. Urinary excretion of epitestosterone, a
specific testicular product, was reduced to <10% of pretreatment values,
with no differences between the groups. Similar results were obtained for
other markers of testicular steroidogenesis. Urinary and plasma adrenal
androgens were also reduced during TE treatment: a statistically
significant decrease in both (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05 respectively)
was seen in the azoospermic but not oligozoospermic responders. These
results suggest that testicular steroidogenesis is decreased to <10% by
the administration of supraphysiological doses of exogenous testosterone.
Differences in the degree of ongoing steroidogenesis in the testis do not
appear to account for incomplete suppression of spermatogenesis, thus
differences in androgen metabolism may underlie this heterogeneous
response. A small but significant reduction in secretion of adrenal
androgens was also detectable, the relevance of which is unclear.
相似文献
7.
Berry V; Ionides AC; Moore AT; Plant C; Bhattacharya SS; Shiels A 《Human molecular genetics》1996,5(3):415-419
Inherited cataract is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease.
Here we report the identification of a new locus for an autosomal dominant
anterior polar cataract on the short arm of chromosome 17. To map this new
locus we performed genetic linkage analysis with microsatellite markers in
a four-generation pedigree. After exclusion of seven candidate loci for
cataract, we obtained significant positive LOD scores for markers D17S849
(Z = 4.01 / theta = 0.05) and D17S796 (Z = 4.17 / theta = 0.05). Multipoint
analysis gave a maximum LOD score of 5.2 (theta max = 0.06) between these
two markers. From haplotype analysis, the cataract locus lies in the 13 cM
interval between markers D17S849 and D17S796. This study provides the first
genetic mapping of an autosomal dominant anterior polar cataract.
相似文献
8.
J-L Stievenart EA Cabanis P Menard J Knoplioch A Lopez J Tamraz M-T Iba-Zizen B Philippe G Prevost J-C Bertrand 《Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA》1993,15(1):47-54
Summary In view of the variety of 3D representation techniques, a clinical study was carried out in order to evaluate their respective usefulness. It appears that a single technique cannot be claimed to be valid for all clinical situations and that a combination of representations brings more relevant information. Among the different techniques a clear delineation must be established between those which allow the accurate definition of landmarks (multiplanar reformation, surface representation), and those which do not (integral shading, reconstructed radiology). The main point is the possibility to recognize anatomical landmarks on these latter modes and to choose oblique cut planes in relation to them. Visualization quality is strongly dependent upon the acquisition protocol which must provide a spatial resolution as isotropic as possible.
Une revue de différents modes de visualisation en haute résolution d'un objet volumique avec des applications
Résumé Face à la variété des techniques de représentation 3D une étude clinique a été conduite pour évaluer leurs utilités respectives. Il apparait qu'une technique unique ne peut pas convenir à toutes les situations cliniques et qu'une combinaison de différents modes de présentation apporte une information plus pertinente. Parmi les différentes techniques une distinction claire doit être établie entre celles qui autorisent la prise de repères précis (reformatage multiplanaire, représentation de surface), et celles qui ne le permettent pas (ombrage intégral, radiologie reconstruite). Le point principal est la possibilité de reconnaître des repères anatomiques sur ces derniers modes et de choisir des plans de coupe en relation avec eux. La qualité de la visualisation dépend étroitement du protocole d'acquisition qui doit fournir une résolution aussi isotrope que possible.相似文献
9.
A. van Belkum R. Bax G. Prevost 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》1994,13(5):420-424
Twenty-six methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus strains were genetically differentiated by interrepeat PCR and the results compared with those of ribotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis obtained in a previous study for the same strains. The comparison showed that the PCR-mediated assays were as discriminatory as PFGE, whereas ribotyping was the least powerful genotyping method. Due to the ease of performance, PCR fingerprinting may become the method of choice for establishing clonal relationships amongStaphylococcus aureus isolates. 相似文献
10.
Tamanini F; Willemsen R; van Unen L; Bontekoe C; Galjaard H; Oostra BA; Hoogeveen AT 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(8):1315-1322
Lack of expression of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP)
results in mental retardation and macroorchidism, seen as the major
pathological symptoms in fragile X patients. FMRP is a cytoplasmic RNA-
binding protein which cosediments with the 60S ribosomal subunit. Recently,
two proteins homologous to FMRP were discovered: FXR1 and FXR2. These novel
proteins interact with FMRP and with each other and they are also
associated with the 60S ribosomal subunit. Here, we studied the expression
pattern of the three proteins in brain and testis by immunohistochemistry.
In adult brain, FMR1, FXR1 and FXR2 proteins are coexpressed in the
cytoplasm of specific differentiated neurons only. However, we observed a
different expression pattern in fetal brain as well as in adult and fetal
testis, suggesting independent functions for the three proteins in those
tissues during embryonic development and adult life.
相似文献