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排序方式: 共有853条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Preventing sports injury has rarely been cited as an appropriate action to respond to the obesity epidemic, and in fact a recent letter has suggested that those playing sport are as responsible for their predicament as those who are obese. This opinion piece argues that it is time for better prevention and management of sports injury to be seen as part of the complex solution to preventing obesity, rather than being a self-inflicted problem that governments should continue to ignore. 相似文献
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C. H. Orchard G. L. Smith D. S. Steele 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1998,435(4):555-563
Rat ventricular trabeculae were mounted for isometric tension recording, and then permeabilized with saponin. The Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]) within the permeabilized preparation (cytosolic [Ca2+]) was monitored continuously using Indo-1 and the integrals of Ca2+ transients resulting from brief caffeine application used as an index of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content. The relationship between SR Ca2+ content and cytosolic [Ca2+] was studied within the reported physiological range (i.e. 50–250 nmol · l–1 Ca2+). Increasing cytosolic [Ca2+] from 50 nmol · l–1 to 250 nmol · l–1 increased the steady-state SR Ca2+ content about threefold. However, increasing [Ca2+] above 250 nmol · l–1 typically resulted in spontaneous SR Ca2+ release, with no further increase in SR Ca2+ content. The SR Ca2+ content increased only slowly when cytosolic [Ca2+] was increased; it was unchanged 20 s after a rapid increase in cytosolic [Ca2+], but increased progressively to a new steady-state level during the following 1–2 min. In a parallel series of experiments
using intact papillary muscles, increasing extracellular [Ca2+] (from 0.5 to 5 mmol · l–1) significantly increased twitch tension within 20 s of the solution change. These results support previous suggestions that
the SR Ca2+ content may increase when diastolic cytosolic [Ca2+] rises during inotropic interventions such as increased stimulus rate or extracellular [Ca2+]. However, the rate at which SR Ca2+ responds to changes in cytoplasmic [Ca2+] within the diastolic range does not appear rapid enough to explain the early potentiation of twitch tension in intact preparations
after an increase in extracellular [Ca2+].
Received: 26 August 1997 / Accepted: 28 October 1997 相似文献
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Andrew D Chantry John A Snowden Charles Craddock Karl Peggs Claire Roddie Jenny I O Craig Kim Orchard Keiren E Towlson Rachel M Pearce David I Marks 《Biology of blood and marrow transplantation》2006,12(12):1310-1317
Relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults has a poor prognosis if treated with chemotherapy alone. Case series have previously supported the role of myeloablation and autologous transplantation as a potentially curative treatment. This study aimed to use the large numbers and extended follow-up data in the British Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (BSBMT) registry database to establish long-term outcomes and relate these to biological and procedural factors. The BSBMT registry database was used to retrospectively identify 152 adult patients (age, 16-69 years) with AML in second remission treated with autologous transplantation in 1982-2003. Cytogenetic data were available for 68% of the patients; of these, at diagnosis, 42% had good risk features, 57% had standard risk features, and 1% had poor risk features. Conditioning regimens varied; autologous rescue was provided with bone marrow (BM) (71%), peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) (18%), or both (11%), which were harvested during first complete remission (CR1) and/or second CR (CR2). Median follow-up was 84 months (range, 2-200 months). At 10 years, actuarial overall survival (OS) was 32%, progression-free survival (PFS) was 28%, and relapse rate (RR) was 57%. The 100-day nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was 7%, rising to 11% at 1 year and to 14% at 10 years. OS was significantly related to M3 subtype (5-year OS, 66%; P = .005), patient age at diagnosis (P = .005) and transplantation (P = .026), and length of CR1, with greatest significance if the patient was dichotomized at CR1 duration of < 8 months or > or = 8 months (P = .0001). There was no difference in OS between regimens containing total body irradiation (TBI) and chemotherapy alone (P = .7). In relation to the nature of autologous graft material, there was improved OS (P = .025) and PFS (P = .009) with the use of cells harvested entirely in CR1 compared with cells harvested in CR2 or in both CR1 and CR2. Engraftment times were significantly shortened with the use of PBSCs alone or in combination with BM compared with BM alone (P = .0001), but there was no significant long-term impact on OS, PFS, RR, or NRM. This study provides long-term follow-up data in one of the largest series of patients with standard-risk and good-risk AML in CR2 treated with autologous transplantation and supports earlier observations that long-term survival is achievable in about 1/3 of patients overall and in about 2/3 of patients with M3 with a relatively low NRM. Outcomes are better in patients with CR1 > or = 8 months by use of grafts obtained entirely in CR1 and use of PBSCs. TBI conditioning did not confer an advantage. Randomized studies against unrelated donor transplantation are warranted. 相似文献
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M. B. Murphy M. A. Orchard E. L. Conway S. E. Barrow 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1985,29(4):413-416
Summary Pre-incubation of human platelets with nifedipine in vitro or treatment of normal volunteers with nifedipine, 30 mg daily for one week, did not alter ADP induced aggregation measured by whole blood aggregometry. 6-oxo-Prostaglandin F1 remained undetectable in plasma following oral administration of nifedipine to normal volunteers. The hypotensive response to intravenous nifedipine administration was similar in spontaneously hypertensive rats pretreated with indomethacin or placebo. These results conflict with previous reports that nifedipine alters platelet aggregation and prostaglandin metabolism. 相似文献
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Orchard GE 《British journal of biomedical science》1999,56(3):188-193
The effect of melanin bleaching using permanganate/oxalate and dilute hydrogen peroxide on subsequent immunohistochemical staining of heavily pigmented melanocytic neoplasms is investigated. Permanganate/oxalate precluded the use of some antibodies but allowed much faster bleaching times, whereas dilute hydrogen peroxide enabled a full range of antibodies to be used, yet bleaching times were far longer. Each technique has advantages; however, the choice of method should be determined by the nature of the information needed to make a diagnosis and the speed at which a report is required. 相似文献