全文获取类型
收费全文 | 97967篇 |
免费 | 9055篇 |
国内免费 | 243篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1280篇 |
儿科学 | 2842篇 |
妇产科学 | 2152篇 |
基础医学 | 13698篇 |
口腔科学 | 2310篇 |
临床医学 | 11617篇 |
内科学 | 18083篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1513篇 |
神经病学 | 8433篇 |
特种医学 | 3435篇 |
外国民族医学 | 10篇 |
外科学 | 13684篇 |
综合类 | 1725篇 |
一般理论 | 73篇 |
预防医学 | 10528篇 |
眼科学 | 2140篇 |
药学 | 7606篇 |
1篇 | |
中国医学 | 110篇 |
肿瘤学 | 6025篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 822篇 |
2021年 | 1598篇 |
2020年 | 1109篇 |
2019年 | 1552篇 |
2018年 | 1910篇 |
2017年 | 1406篇 |
2016年 | 1581篇 |
2015年 | 1715篇 |
2014年 | 2285篇 |
2013年 | 3396篇 |
2012年 | 4840篇 |
2011年 | 5093篇 |
2010年 | 2681篇 |
2009年 | 2493篇 |
2008年 | 4271篇 |
2007年 | 4542篇 |
2006年 | 4284篇 |
2005年 | 4366篇 |
2004年 | 4025篇 |
2003年 | 3685篇 |
2002年 | 3566篇 |
2001年 | 2806篇 |
2000年 | 2898篇 |
1999年 | 2601篇 |
1998年 | 1195篇 |
1997年 | 945篇 |
1996年 | 947篇 |
1995年 | 836篇 |
1994年 | 852篇 |
1993年 | 788篇 |
1992年 | 2143篇 |
1991年 | 2060篇 |
1990年 | 1924篇 |
1989年 | 1892篇 |
1988年 | 1797篇 |
1987年 | 1796篇 |
1986年 | 1700篇 |
1985年 | 1692篇 |
1984年 | 1403篇 |
1983年 | 1283篇 |
1982年 | 850篇 |
1981年 | 733篇 |
1979年 | 1223篇 |
1978年 | 879篇 |
1977年 | 766篇 |
1976年 | 722篇 |
1975年 | 720篇 |
1974年 | 866篇 |
1973年 | 761篇 |
1972年 | 747篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
2.
In 1963, Goffman argued that forming a group based on shared stigma may provide benefits. However, there is no empirical research on whether perception that a separate, unique, coherent group exists (i.e., group entitativity) influences coping, such as educating others or secrecy, for the stigmatized individual or his or her spouse. Further, little is known about how spouses influence each other in terms of promoting the education of others about a stigmatizing condition, especially when it comes to the role of believing that stigma-based groups, to which they may both belong, exist. This study provides a step toward bridging this gap in the research by applying the label management model in efforts to understand coping for couples in which one spouse is diagnosed with genetic mutations leading to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). This study included 50 married couples in which one spouse is diagnosed with genetic mutations leading to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). We found that group entitativity related to those with AATD counterbalanced the influence of genetic stigma on spouses’ intentions to keep the diagnosis secret or to educate others about it. Intrapersonal and interpersonal influences appeared among spouses. Attention is needed on the power of creating groups for stigmatized persons and their relatives. Indeed, people live within a dynamic world of group entities, and multiple social identities including spousal and familial. While attention has been paid to the diffusion of stigmas to loved ones, less has been paid to the uplift of group entities for them. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
Evaluation of training nurses to perform semi‐automated three‐dimensional left ventricular ejection fraction using a customised workstation‐based training protocol 下载免费PDF全文
7.
ABSTRACTBoth international tourism and migration of people with low English proficiency (LEP) to Australia are increasing. Thus, health-care practitioners (HPs) increasingly use interpreters to communicate with patients with LEP. Although qualified interpreters are the most suggested and policy-endorsed mechanism for communicating with patients with LEP, family members (FMIs) are also used as interpreters. This study investigated (a) when do health professionals consider it appropriate to use FMIs and (b) what characteristics of family members health professionals believe make them suitable to act as FMIs. As part of a larger project examining the decision-making processes of HPs regarding interpreter use, 69 HPs from neonatal and pediatric departments in one hospital in Queensland Australia were interviewed. Results indicated HPs thought the appropriateness of using FMIs depended on the type of information, such that it was either completely acceptable (e.g., explaining some basic or non-medical information) or completely unacceptable (e.g., confidential information or consent). However, in an emergency, when no other options were available, FMIs were used. The characteristics of suitable FMIs included age, level of English proficiency and medical understanding, and the relationship between patient and FMI. Results were to some extent consistent with Queensland government policies but there were notable differences, including using children and regarding FMIs as first preference. Improving HP’s knowledge of policies may increase their confidence in their practice and appropriate use of FMIs, thereby improving their care delivery to patients and families with LEP. 相似文献
8.
Giorgio Gandaglia Guillaume Ploussard Massimo Valerio Agostino Mattei Cristian Fiori Nicola Fossati Armando Stabile Jean-Baptiste Beauval Bernard Malavaud Mathieu Roumiguié Daniele Robesti Paolo Dell’Oglio Marco Moschini Stefania Zamboni Arnas Rakauskas Francesco De Cobelli Francesco Porpiglia Francesco Montorsi Alberto Briganti 《European urology》2019,75(3):506-514
Background
Available models for predicting lymph node invasion (LNI) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) might not be applicable to men diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsies.Objective
To assess the accuracy of available tools to predict LNI and to develop a novel model for men diagnosed via MRI-targeted biopsies.Design, setting, and participants
A total of 497 patients diagnosed via MRI-targeted biopsies and treated with RP and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) at five institutions were retrospectively identified.Outcome measurements and statistical analyses
Three available models predicting LNI were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration plots, and decision curve analyses. A nomogram predicting LNI was developed and internally validated.Results and limitations
Overall, 62 patients (12.5%) had LNI. The median number of nodes removed was 15. The AUC for the Briganti 2012, Briganti 2017, and MSKCC nomograms was 82%, 82%, and 81%, respectively, and their calibration characteristics were suboptimal. A model including PSA, clinical stage and maximum diameter of the index lesion on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), grade group on targeted biopsy, and the presence of clinically significant PCa on concomitant systematic biopsy had an AUC of 86% and represented the basis for a coefficient-based nomogram. This tool exhibited a higher AUC and higher net benefit compared to available models developed using standard biopsies. Using a cutoff of 7%, 244 ePLNDs (57%) would be spared and a lower number of LNIs would be missed compared to available nomograms (1.6% vs 4.6% vs 4.5% vs 4.2% for the new nomogram vs Briganti 2012 vs Briganti 2017 vs MSKCC).Conclusions
Available models predicting LNI are characterized by suboptimal accuracy and clinical net benefit for patients diagnosed via MRI-targeted biopsies. A novel nomogram including mpMRI and MRI-targeted biopsy data should be used to identify candidates for ePLND in this setting.Patient summary
We developed the first nomogram to predict lymph node invasion (LNI) in prostate cancer patients diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsy undergoing radical prostatectomy. Adoption of this model to identify candidates for extended pelvic lymph node dissection could avoid up to 60% of these procedures at the cost of missing only 1.6% patients with LNI. 相似文献9.
Béla Nagy Zsolt Bene Zsolt Fejes Sonya L. Heltshe David Reid Nicola J. Ronan Yvonne McCarthy Daniel Smith Attila Nagy Elizabeth Joseloff György Balla János Kappelmayer Milan Macek Scott C. Bell Barry J. Plant Margarida D. Amaral István Balogh 《Journal of cystic fibrosis》2019,18(2):271-277
Background
We have recently shown that human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) levels correlate with the severity of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. However, there are no data on how HE4 levels alter in patients receiving CFTR modulating therapy.Methods
In this retrospective clinical study, 3 independent CF patient cohorts (US-American: 29, Australian: 12 and Irish: 19 cases) were enrolled carrying at least one Class III CFTR CF-causing mutation (p.Gly551Asp) and being treated with CFTR potentiator ivacaftor. Plasma HE4 was measured by immunoassay before treatment (baseline) and 1–6?months after commencement of ivacaftor, and were correlated with FEV1 (% predicted), sweat chloride, C-reactive protein (CRP) and body mass index (BMI).Results
After 1?month of therapy, HE4 levels were significantly lower than at baseline and remained decreased up to 6?months. A significant inverse correlation between absolute and delta values of HE4 and FEV1 (r?=??0.5376; P?<?.001 and r?=??0.3285; P?<?.001), was retrospectively observed in pooled groups, including an independent association of HE4 with FEV1 by multiple regression analysis (β?=??0.57, P?=?.019). Substantial area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) value was determined for HE4 when 7% mean change of FEV1 (0.722 [95% CI 0.581–0.863]; P?=?.029) were used as classifier, especially in the first 2?months of treatment (0.806 [95% CI 0.665–0.947]; P?<?.001).Conclusions
This study shows that plasma HE4 levels inversely correlate with lung function improvement in CF patients receiving ivacaftor. Overall, this potential biomarker may be of value for routine clinical and laboratory follow-up of CFTR modulating therapy. 相似文献10.
Pretibial lacerations and lower limb wounds are referred to plastic surgery teams for split skin graft surgery. Traditionally, these patients have been immobilised on bedrest following surgery. More recently, patients have commenced ambulation earlier to avoid medical complications and facilitate discharge. The objective of this literature review was to determine when such patients should begin walking. A literature search was undertaken using the electronic databases AMED, Cinahl, Embase, Medline (via Ovid), PEDro and Pubmed. Clinical trials using human subjects, written in English, were included. Seventeen (of 1137) papers met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The literature suggested that patients should begin walking immediately or at the earliest possible opportunity after lower limb skin graft surgery. Although the literature advocated early ambulation, the evidence base presented with a number of recurrent methodological limitations, including small sample sizes, lack of a control sample, and limited follow-up. Accordingly, further research employing large, well-designed, randomised controlled trials is recommended. It will then be possible to understand with greater certainty when patients should begin walking after lower extremity split skin graft surgery. 相似文献