新疆地区维吾尔族大学生人格特征初探

目的了解维吾尔族（维族）大学生的人格特征,为少数民族大学生健康人格教育提供依据。方法采用卡特尔16种人格因素问卷对666名维族大学生进行测试。结果维族大学生与大学生常模在乐群性、聪慧性、恃强性等12项人格特质上的差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.01）;在次级人格因素和应用人格因素上,高、低分者人数少于常模,得分在中等范围的人数多于常模。结论维族大学生人格中有积极的方面,也有其消极的方面。应重视该人群的人格教育。     

高孜万药材中总黄酮含量的测定

目的:测定几种不同来源的维吾尔药材高孜万中总黄酮含量,为高孜万药材的筛选及推广提供技术支撑。方法:以芦丁为对照品,采用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝-氢氧化钠显色法,在510 nm处利用紫外分光光度法测定意大利牛舌草、琉璃苣、糙草、倒提壶等4种不同来源的高孜万药材中总黄酮的含量。结果:意大利牛舌草、琉璃苣、倒提壶、糙草等4种不同来源的高孜万中总黄酮的含量分别为意大利牛舌草3.85 mg.g-1、琉璃苣3.72 mg.g-1、倒提壶2.35 mg.g-1、糙草(和田)3.14 mg.g-1、糙草(策勒)4.73 mg.g-1、糙草(于田)3.76 mg.g-1。其中策勒产糙草中总黄酮含量最高,倒提壶含量最低。结论:该方法准确、可靠、重复性好,可以用作高孜万中总黄酮含量的测定。糙草、琉璃苣和意大利牛舌草中总黄酮的含量没有太大的差别。     

Why withdrawal? Why not withdrawal? Men's perspectives

Withdrawal is an ancient and prevalent form of male contraception which has largely been ignored by family planning programme managers all over the world. The objective of this study was to understand men's perspectives on withdrawal use, both users and non-users. In-depth interviews with 62 male factory workers in western Turkey are reported, on use of withdrawal, attitudes to family planning, information on contraception, marital and sexual experience, and gender values and attitudes. Advantages reported both by users and non-users of withdrawal were being free from side effects, ease of access and having no cost. While current users said withdrawal was easy to use and practical, non-users complained about the difficulties of using withdrawal, that it was coitus-dependent, caused anxiety and decreased pleasure during sexual intercourse. Current users emphasised taking responsibility as husbands for family planning and protecting their wives from possible adverse effects of contraceptives. Withdrawal should be seen as a valuable choice in a world where increasing method choice, male participation and responsibility taking in reproductive health are all desirable. With its cited advantages withdrawal is likely to fill an important niche among current contraceptive practices and deserves more attention and support.     

Nasopharyngeal teratoma as a respiratory emergency in the neonate

We report a congenital nasopharyngeal teratoma which presented as acute neonatal airway obstruction. After immediate orotracheal intubation, a pedunculated mass, which filled the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal cavities, was completely removed. Histological examination of the specimen revealed as a mature teratoma, composed of all three germ layers with recognizable early organ differentiation.     

Unusual Kirschner wire migration as a late complication of Salter innominate osteotomy in developmental dislocation of the hip

Innominate osteotomy of Salter remains the most commonly used pelvic osteotomy for children in the age of 18 months to 6 years. Kirschner wire is inserted across the osteotomy site to fix the bone graft. We present an unusual case of migration of Kirschner wire through the abdominal region. Migration of pins to the femoral head is well-known complication. To our knowledge, this is the first case reporting migration of Kirschner wire through the abdominal region.     

Psychopathology, depression and dissociative experiences in patients with lichen simplex chronicus

OBJECTIVE: Psychogenic factors may play a contributory role in the development or persistence of lichen simplex chronicus (LSC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychiatric profile of patients with LSC including depression and dissociative experiences. METHOD: Dermatology outpatients with a LSC (n=30) were compared with outpatients with tinea in which psychological factors are regarded as negligible (n=30). All subjects were given psychiatric scales including the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Dissociative Experience Scale (DES). RESULTS: All mean SCL-90 scores for general psychopathology were higher in the LSC compared to the control group. HAM-D and DES scores were significantly higher in the LSC group (P<.05) as well. In addition, the number of patients whose total DES score of 30 and above was higher in the LSC group. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric symptoms appear relatively common among patients with LSC. Further research is needed to confirm the possible role of dissociative tendencies in the etiology of LSC.     

A different perspective for radiological evaluation of experimental osteomyelitis

Introduction Radiological scoring systems used in experimental osteomyelitis combine several factors into a single score. Because response of bone tissue to infection is a dynamic process, such systems have limited ability to differentiate between treatment groups. The analyzing of radiological criteria separately at different stages of the disease may be superior to a general score. Methods and methods Osteomyelitis was induced with Staphylococcus aureus in the left tibiae of 72 adult Wistar albino rats. The rats were assigned to one of six different treatment groups. Their radiographs were graded (1) by the use of previously published general scoring systems and (2) by the evaluation of periosteal reaction, bone deformation, diaphyseal widening, osteolysis, soft tissue swelling, bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD), separately. The assessments were performed 3 weeks after induction as well as 3 weeks and 6 weeks after treatment. Results Periosteal reaction and diaphyseal widening demonstrated significant differences within 3 weeks of treatment, contrary to the general scores. After 6 weeks of treatment, individual criteria, including diaphyseal widening, osteolysis and BMC but only one of the general grading scores, were able to differentiate between treatment groups. Conclusions For differentiation of treatments in experimental osteomyelitis individual assessment of radiological criteria is superior to previously published general scoring systems. This study was financially supported by Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc, Rathway, N.J., USA.     

Contractility Reserve in Children Undergoing Dialysis by Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography

Left ventricular hypertrophy is an adaptive mechanism in children undergoing chronic dialysis to improve contractility at rest. The aim of this study was to determine the left ventricular performance and contractility reserve by “dobutamine stress echocardiography” in children undergoing chronic dialysis. Thirty-five children undergoing dialysis and 24 healthy subjects were enrolled in this prospective study. We evaluated contractility by means of end-systolic wall stress—velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCFc) in 24 healthy subjects and 35 dialysis patients. Dobutamine stress echocardiography was obtained only in children undergoing dialysis. Patients were divided into two groups according to left ventricular mass index. Contractile reserve was estimated by the difference in contractility at rest versus during echocardiography. Significantly higher VCFc (p = 0.008) and VCFc (p = 0.002) differences at rest were observed in the patient group compared to healthy subjects. Children undergoing dialysis had a higher left ventricular mass index compared with controls (42.38 ± 12.41 vs. 17.57 ± 3.66 g/m^2.7, respectively; p = 0.001). Patients with left ventricular hypertrophy had a significantly lower contractile reserve compared with patients without left ventricular hypertrophy (p = 0.013). These findings suggest that children undergoing dialysis have increased left ventricular mass and contractility at rest. However, the contractile reserve during dobutamine stress echocardiography was reduced. Dobutamine stress echocardiography may identify children undergoing dialysis at risk of progressing to systolic dysfunction and heart failure.