全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1743篇 |
免费 | 108篇 |
国内免费 | 12篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 4篇 |
儿科学 | 72篇 |
妇产科学 | 83篇 |
基础医学 | 273篇 |
口腔科学 | 20篇 |
临床医学 | 92篇 |
内科学 | 481篇 |
皮肤病学 | 27篇 |
神经病学 | 75篇 |
特种医学 | 75篇 |
外科学 | 236篇 |
综合类 | 18篇 |
预防医学 | 40篇 |
眼科学 | 16篇 |
药学 | 71篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 278篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 24篇 |
2021年 | 43篇 |
2020年 | 24篇 |
2019年 | 44篇 |
2018年 | 38篇 |
2017年 | 34篇 |
2016年 | 35篇 |
2015年 | 49篇 |
2014年 | 86篇 |
2013年 | 90篇 |
2012年 | 114篇 |
2011年 | 132篇 |
2010年 | 60篇 |
2009年 | 54篇 |
2008年 | 94篇 |
2007年 | 101篇 |
2006年 | 97篇 |
2005年 | 74篇 |
2004年 | 88篇 |
2003年 | 88篇 |
2002年 | 78篇 |
2001年 | 27篇 |
2000年 | 44篇 |
1999年 | 61篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 20篇 |
1996年 | 18篇 |
1995年 | 18篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1863条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Human recombinant erythropoietin directly stimulates B cell immunoglobulin production and proliferation in serum-free medium. 下载免费PDF全文
H Kimata A Yoshida C Ishioka S Masuda R Sasaki H Mikawa 《Clinical and experimental immunology》1991,85(1):151-156
The effect of human recombinant erythropoietin (Epo) on B cell responses was studied in a serum-free medium. Epo enhanced IgM production and thymidine uptake by a human IgM-producing lymphoblastoid cell line, CBL. This effect was specific to Epo since enhancement was blocked by anti-Epo antibody but not by control antibody. Among the various cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4) enhanced IgM production and thymidine uptake while IL-6 enhanced IgM production without affecting thymidine uptake. In contrast, other cytokines including IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-5, interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), or granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were without effect. However, the enhancing effect of Epo is different from that of IL-4 or IL-6, since Epo effect was not blocked by anti-IL-4 antibody or anti-IL-6 antibody. Moreover, specific binding of Epo was detected on CBL cells. Epo also enhanced immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM and IgA) production and thymidine uptake by purified tonsil small resting B cells stimulated by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I (SAC) or by large activated B cells. In contrast, Epo had no effect on unstimulated small resting B cells. These results indicate that Epo could directly stimulate activated and differentiated B cells and could enhance B cell immunoglobulin production and proliferation. 相似文献
2.
Isao Sekiguchi M.D. Mitsuaki Suzuki M.D. Ikuo Sato M.D. Taeko Ohkawa M.D. Hidetoshi Kawashima M.D. Syuichi Tsuchida M.D. 《Gynecologic oncology》1998,71(3):454-457
We present the fourth known case of endometrial carcinoma, and the second case of endometrial small-cell carcinoma, to be associated with paraneoplastic retinopathy. Initial symptoms were decreased visual acuity and a narrowing of the visual field. Endometrial carcinoma was diagnosed several months later. An antibody to 34-kDa bovine retinal antigen was detected in the patient's serum. Thus, autoimmunity was suspected as the cause of the retinopathy. In patients with endometrial carcinoma with visual disturbance of unknown cause, paraneoplastic retinopathy should be suspected. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
Identification of a Rough Strain of Escherichia coli O157:H7 That Produces No Detectable O157 Antigen 下载免费PDF全文
Peter Feng Robin C. Sandlin Choong H. Park Richard A. Wilson Mitsuaki Nishibuchi 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1998,36(8):2339-2341
MA6, an O157:H7-like strain, did not react with most anti-O157 kits examined; however, it had the rfbE gene that is essential for O157 expression and carried O157:H7 virulence factors. Lipopolysaccharide analysis showed that MA6 is a rough strain that does not produce the O157 antigen, but genetically, it belongs in the O157:H7 clonal group. 相似文献
6.
Hirata I Hioki Y Toda M Kitazawa T Murakami Y Kitano E Kitamura H Ikada Y Iwata H 《Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A》2003,66(3):669-676
Since complement activation is recognized as a common response of the host defense system when an artificial medical device is applied to a patient, great effort has been devoted to studies on the interaction of the complement system with artificial materials. However, some uncertainties remain, partially because of the lack of well characterized surfaces and suitable analytic methods for study of the surface phenomena that occur on artificial materials under physiologic conditions. In this study, we employed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique to study interactions of the serum complement with well characterized surfaces. Self-assembled monolayers carrying various concentrations of hydroxyl groups were prepared using 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (C11-OH) and one of n-nonanethiol, n-dodecanethiol, and n-hexadecanethiol. The amount of NHS deposition on the SAMs increased with increasing C11-OH content of the SAMs, and the amount of anti-C3b antibody immobilization formed on the NHS deposition layers increased with increasing C11-OH content of the SAMs. These results clearly demonstrate that a large amount of C3b, produced through the activation of the complement system, binds covalently to and is adsorbed by hydroxyl-group-rich surfaces. The combination of SAMs and the SPR technique is suitable for studying the interaction of the complement system with solid surfaces, and the results should give basic information needed for a rational design of biocompatible surfaces on synthetic materials. 相似文献
7.
Sette A Newman M Livingston B McKinney D Sidney J Ishioka G Tangri S Alexander J Fikes J Chesnut R 《Tissue antigens》2002,59(6):443-451
In this review we describe the methods and processes that our group have developed while aiming to test and design multiepitope vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer. Testing the performance of vaccines composed of epitopes restricted by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules is accomplished by in vitro antigenicity assays, as well as in vivo immunogenicity assays in HLA transgenics. The efficiency by which multiepitope vaccines are processed is optimized by spacer residues, which are designed to facilitate generation by natural processing of the various class I- and class II-restricted epitopes. Methods and strategies to test and optimize HLA binding affinity, patient coverage from the vaccine construct, and TCR recognition of HLA/epitope complexes are also discussed. 相似文献
8.
9.
Saheki T Kobayashi K Iijima M Horiuchi M Begum L Jalil MA Li MX Lu YB Ushikai M Tabata A Moriyama M Hsiao KJ Yang Y 《Molecular genetics and metabolism》2004,81(Z1):S20-S26
Citrin is a mitochondrial aspartate glutamate carrier primarily expressed in the liver, heart, and kidney. We found that adult-onset type II citrullinemia is caused by mutations in the SLC25A13 gene that encodes for citrin. In this report, we describe the frequency of SLC25A13 mutations, the roles of citrin as a member of the urea cycle and as a member of the malate-aspartate shuttle, the relationship between its functions and symptoms of citrin deficiency, and therapeutic issues. 相似文献
10.
The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (Epo) on plasma cells was studied in a serum-free medium, COSMEDIUM-001 (Cosmedium). Epo enhanced both Ig production and thymidine uptake by human plasma cell lines, AF-10 and IM-9. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) enhanced both Ig production and thymidine uptake by AF-10 and IM-9, while other cytokines, including IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) or IFN-gamma, failed to do so. However, the Epo effect was specific since Epo-induced enhancement of Ig production and thymidine uptake was blocked by the anti-Epo antibody but not by the anti-IL-6 antibody or the control antibody. Conversely, IL-6-induced enhancement was blocked by the anti-IL-6 antibody but not by the anti-Epo antibody. Epo also enhanced Ig production (IgG, IgM, and IgA) and thymidine uptake by PCA-1+ plasma cells generated in vitro. This enhancement was also blocked by the anti-Epo antibody but not by the anti-IL-6 antibody. Taken together, these results suggest that Epo enhances plasma cell responses by a different mechanism than does IL-6. 相似文献