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1.
Shylo R. Johnson Dennis Slate Kathleen M. Nelson Amy J. Davis Samual A. Mills John T. Forbes Kurt C. VerCauteren Amy T. Gilbert Richard B. Chipman 《Viruses》2021,13(2)
Since the 1990s, oral rabies vaccination (ORV) has been used successfully to halt the westward spread of the raccoon rabies virus (RV) variant from the eastern continental USA. Elimination of raccoon RV from the eastern USA has proven challenging across targeted raccoon (Procyon lotor) and striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) populations impacted by raccoon RV. Field trial evaluations of the Ontario Rabies Vaccine Bait (ONRAB) were initiated to expand ORV products available to meet the rabies management goal of raccoon RV elimination. This study describes the continuation of a 2011 trial in West Virginia. Our objective was to evaluate raccoon and skunk response to ORV occurring in West Virginia for an additional two years (2012–2013) at 75 baits/km2 followed by three years (2014–2016) of evaluation at 300 baits/km2. We measured the change in rabies virus-neutralizing antibody (RVNA) seroprevalence in targeted wildlife populations by comparing levels pre- and post-ORV during each year of study. The increase in bait density from 75/km2 to 300/km2 corresponded to an increase in average post-ORV seroprevalence for raccoon and skunk populations. Raccoon population RVNA levels increased from 53% (300/565, 95% CI: 50–57%) to 82.0% (596/727, 95% CI: 79–85%) during this study, and skunk population RVNA levels increased from 11% (8/72, 95% CI: 6–20%) to 39% (51/130, 95% CI: 31–48%). The RVNA seroprevalence pre-ORV demonstrated an increasing trend across study years for both bait densities and species, indicating that multiple years of ORV may be necessary to achieve and maintain RVNA seroprevalence in target wildlife populations for the control and elimination of raccoon RV in the eastern USA. 相似文献
2.
Doing it right the first time: quality improvement and the contaminant blood culture. 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
F I Weinbaum S Lavie M Danek D Sixsmith G F Heinrich S S Mills 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1997,35(3):563-565
The aim of the project was to determine whether the rate of contaminant blood cultures could be reduced by using a team of dedicated phlebotomists. Comparisons were made between adult patients requiring blood cultures for suspected bacteremia on medical and surgical units before and after the introduction and withdrawal of a dedicated blood culture team. The results showed that a significant reduction in the contaminant blood culture rate was achieved by the blood culture team (P < 0.001; chi(2) test). Therefore, in our experience, the rate of contaminant blood cultures can be reduced in a teaching hospital by using a team of dedicated phlebotomists. Calculations made with our data and those published by others suggest that cost savings from reducing false-positive blood cultures are greater than the cost of the blood culture team. 相似文献
3.
Forty-six (85%) basal cell and eight (15%) squamous cell carcinomas of the eyelids were treated with electron beams between 1963 and 1983. Lesion sizes ranged from microscopic to 4 cm, with 28 lesions larger than 1 cm. Thirty-eight lesions were treated with radiotherapy after incisional biopsy, and 16 were treated after excisional biopsy (specimens showed positive margins). Doses varied from 45 to 72 Gy, with daily fractions ranging from 2.12 to 4.0 Gy. There were six disease recurrences (10.9%): three in the treatment field and three at the treatment margin. Four of six recurrences were subsequently controlled by limited surgical excision and repair with preservation of the eye, whereas the other two required enucleation. Treatment sequelae such as skin atrophy, telangiectasis, and cosmetic results were evaluated in terms of radiotherapy parameters, pretreatment surgery, and size of the lesion. In 44 patients, the overall cosmetic result was judged as good to excellent, five patients had a mild to modest degree of deformity, and five had significant deformity. Such deformity was usually associated with tumor destruction or previous surgery. No major complications were noted. 相似文献
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1 The internal anal sphincter (IAS) has a spontaneous tone and is the main contributor to the maintenance of faecal continence. The spontaneous resting tone exhibited by the sphincter can be modified by neurotransmitters from the autonomic and enteric nervous systems. 2 In this review, the influence of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems on IAS tone are discussed and the putative roles of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide and adenosine triphosphate in non‐adrenergic non‐cholinergic transmission are considered. 3 Faecal incontinence is a common condition that places a heavy financial burden on the health service and severely affects patients’ quality of life. Resting anal pressure is reduced in patients with faecal incontinence and agents that increase sphincter tone tend to relieve symptoms. The results of clinical studies of the use of phenylephrine to treat faecal incontinence are reviewed. 4 It is concluded that the IAS is a potential target for drug development for the treatment of faecal incontinence. 相似文献
6.
Marcelo W. Hinojosa Zuri A. Murrell Viken R. Konyalian Steven Mills Ninh T. Nguyen Michael J. Stamos 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2007,11(11):1423-1430
Few studies have examined outcomes of laparoscopic and open sigmoid colectomy performed at US academic centers. Using ICD-9
diagnosis and procedural codes, data was obtained from the University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) Clinical Database of 10,603
patients who underwent laparoscopic or open sigmoid colectomy for benign and malignant disease between 2003–2006. A total
of 1,092 patients (10.3%) underwent laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy. Laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy was associated with a significantly
shorter length of stay (5.4 vs 7.4 days), lower overall complication rate (19.7 vs 26.0%), lower 30-day readmission rate (3.4
vs 4.6), and a lower hospital cost ($13,814 vs $15,626). When a subset analysis of malignant and benign groups was performed,
a significantly shorter length of stay in both the malignant laparoscopic group (6.4 ± 6.4 vs 7.8 ± 6.6 days) and in the benign
laparoscopic groups (5.1 ± 3.5 vs 7.2 ± 7.6) exists. A lower wound complication rate (2.1 vs 5.5%, malignant and 4.0 vs 6.1,
benign) is also evident. Laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy was associated with a shorter length of stay, less complications,
and a lower 30-day readmission rate. The shorter length of stay and wound infection rate maintain significance when comparing
laparoscopic vs open sigmoid resections for malignant and benign disease.
Presented at the 48th annual meeting of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract at Digestive Disease Weak, Washington,
DC, May 21st 2007.
The information contained in this article was based on the Clinical Data Base provided by the University HealthSystem Consortium. 相似文献
7.
Jennifer Mills 《Journal of nuclear medicine》2008,49(6):73N-75N
8.
9.
The role of endogenous opioid peptides in the modulation of secretion of hormones from the endocrine pancreas was studied in dogs. In response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, plasma glucagon secretion significantly increased, followed by an increase in plasma somatostatin immunoreactivity. Pretreatment with the opiate antagonist, naloxone, prevented the somatostatin response but had no effect on the augmented glucagon secretion. Neither the degree of hypoglycemia nor recovery from the induced glucose nadir were affected by naloxone. Arginine Hcl administration resulted in prompt increases in immunoreactive glucagon and insulin secretion, as well as a rise in serum glucose. Pretreatment with naloxone failed to affect any of these responses. Our results suggest that endogenous opioid peptides mediate the somatostatin response following hypoglycemia-induced glucagon secretion. 相似文献
10.
S Piwinski R Cassingham J Mills A Sippo R Mitchell E Jenkins 《Aviation, space, and environmental medicine》1986,57(11):1097-1101
U.S. Army hypobaric chamber operations over a 63-month period were retrospectively reviewed, and incidence rates for decompression sickness were calculated. The overall incidence rate was 1.38/1000 exposures. The rate for interior technicians monitoring chamber operations was 6.16/1000 exposures. The rate for students was 0.64/1000 exposures. The increased incidence of decompression sickness for technicians was especially pronounced for the 10,668-m and 13,106-m flight profiles. Rapid decompression after the 7,620-m flight profile did not appear to increase the incidence of decompression sickness. 相似文献