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1.
Total protein concentration, zinc, prealbumin, albumin, alpha-1-, alpha-2-, beta- and gammaglobulin concentrations were measured in serum samples collected in three successive years (1982, 1983 and 1984) from children (1 month-15 years) of Kikwawila village, Tanzania. The analysis of a total of 1590 serum samples provided the baseline data for children living in a rural Tanzanian community. The total protein values and the concentrations of betaglobulin were within the range described for Caucasians. Albumin, prealbumin, alpha-1- and alpha-2-globulin concentrations were below these standard values. On the other hand the gammaglobulin concentration was twice as high. The concentrations of total protein, gammaglobulin and prealbumin correlated with age. From 1982 to 1983 a significant decrease of most of the serum components (incl. zinc) was observed, although in children older than 2 years the alpha-1-globulins increased. All values increased again from 1983 to 1984, except for the zinc concentration, which decreased further. The individual fluctuations were analysed by comparing paired values for the children participating in the period 1982-1983, or 1983-1984. The proportion of children showing large fluctuations, sometimes exceeding the selected limits of tolerance, was larger in the period 1982-1983 than 1983-1984. This was consistent with the overall pattern found for all children. The prealbumin level, which has been postulated to be an indicator for malnutrition or borderline malnutrition, was analysed in detail. The values were far below normal values (200-300 mg/l), reaching a plateau with 130 mg/l among 4-6-year-old children. The individual fluctuations indicated a decrease from 1982 to 1983, which was considerable both in terms of the proportion of children showing a decrease (55%) and in the magnitude of the decrease. There was an increase from 1983 to 1984 but this increase did not compensate for the loss in 1983. Prealbumin concentrations showed a slight trend towards decreased values with stunting and wasting. No direct correlation was found between the other biochemical parameters and the parasite or anthropometric data collected at the same time. It was difficult to establish direct relationships between the biochemical parameters, which mainly indicate the health status of the child at the time-point of the survey, and anthropometric parameters which reflect the history of the individual over a long period. No direct correlation could be established between the biochemical parameters and the parasitological data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)  相似文献   
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Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by development of cystic and tumorous lesions at multiple sites, including the brain, spinal cord, kidneys, adrenals, pancreas, epididymis and eyes. The clinical phenotype results from molecular abnormalities of the VHL tumor suppressor gene, mapped to human chromosome 3p25-26. The VHL gene encodes two functionally active VHL proteins due to the presence of two translational initiation sites separated by 53 codons. The majority of disease-causing mutations have been detected downstream of the second translational initiation site, but there are conflicting data as to whether few mutations located in the first 53 codons, such as the Pro25Leu could have a pathogenic role. In this paper we report a large Hungarian VHL type 2 family consisting of 32 members in whom a disease-causing AGT80AAT (Ser80Ile) c.239G>A, p.Ser80Ile mutation, but not the concurrent CCT25CTT (Pro25Leu) c.74C>T, p.Pro25Leu variant co-segregated with the disease. To our knowledge, the Ser80Ile mutation has not been previously described in VHL type 2 patients with high risk of pheochromocytoma and renal cell cancer. Therefore, this finding represents a novel genotype-phenotype association and VHL kindreds with Ser80Ile mutation will require careful surveillance for pheochromocytoma. We concluded that the Pro25Leu variant is a rare, neutral variant, but the presence such a rare gene variant may make genetic counseling difficult.  相似文献   
3.
Herpes virus hominis type 1 was isolated from the trigeminal ganglion (ganglion semilunare, gasservian) in three out of 20 randomly selected autopsies. Two of the three patients had been treated with immunosuppressive or cytostatic agents. Clinical signs of herpes infection were not observed during the previous 6 months. No virus was isolated from the facial ganglion (geniculate ganglion) in the same 20 cases. The findings are discussed in relation to the viral etiology of acute peripheral facial palsy.  相似文献   
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Kidney allograft failure and return to dialysis carry a high risk of morbidity. A practice survey was developed by the AST Kidney Pancreas Community of Practice workgroup and distributed electronically to the AST members. There were 104 respondents who represented 92 kidney transplant centers. Most survey respondents were transplant nephrologists at academic centers. The most common approach to immunosuppression management was to withdraw the antimetabolite first (73%), while only 12% responded they would withdraw calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) first. More than 60% reported that the availability of a living donor is the most important factor in their decision to taper immunosuppression, followed by risk of infection, risk of sensitization, frailty, and side effects of medications. More than half of respondents reported that embolization was either not available or offered to less than 10% as an option for surgical intervention. Majority reported that ≤50% of failed allograft patients were re-listed before dialysis, and less than a quarter of transplant nephrologists performed frequent visits with their patients with failed kidney allograft after they return to dialysis. This survey demonstrates heterogeneity in the care of patients with a failing allograft and the need for more evidence to guide improvements in clinical practice related to transition of care.  相似文献   
6.
For 18 patients consecutively admitted to the coronary care unit for unstable angina, 48-hour electrocardiographic Holter monitoring was performed after they were randomly assigned in a single-blind fashion to 1 of 2 treatment groups. The first group was treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and intravenous nitroglycerin, the second with ASA and intravenous diltiazem. All of the patients treated with nitroglycerin still had ischemic episodes after 48 hours (33% were symptomatic), in contrast with 11% of the diltiazem group (11% asymptomatic). Maximal ST-segment depressions of symptomatic and asymptomatic episodes were significantly different; and no significant increases in heart rate were observed either during the 15 seconds before ischemia began or during the ischemic episode. During the 48 hours, the diltiazem group had significantly fewer ischemic episodes (17) than did the nitroglycerin group (145). We concluded that "on-line" ST-segment observation is of prime importance for monitoring unstable angina; that the majority of the ischemic episodes associated with unstable angina are silent; and that intravenous diltiazem could be an effective pretreatment for patients who must undergo mechanical or surgical therapy.  相似文献   
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