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1.
Thermosoftening treatment of the nasotracheal tube before intubation can reduce epistaxis and nasal damage 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Kim YC Lee SH Noh GJ Cho SY Yeom JH Shin WJ Lee DH Ryu JS Park YS Cha KJ Lee SC 《Anesthesia and analgesia》2000,91(3):698-701
We evaluated whether a thermosoftening treatment with warm saline of a nasotracheal preformed tube can improve navigability through the nasal passageways and reduce epistaxis and nasal damage. A total of 150 patients were randomly allocated to three groups: Group I (untreated tube group, n = 50), Group II (35 degrees C treated tube group, n = 50), and Group III (45 degrees C treated tube group, n = 50). In Groups II and III, the tubes were softened at 35 +/- 2 degrees C and 45 +/- 2 degrees C with warm saline, respectively. In Group I the tube was prepared at room temperature (25 +/- 2 degrees C). The incidence of epistaxis and nasal damage in Groups II and III was significantly less than that of Group I (P: < 0.05). Despite the more frequent incidence of smooth passage in Group III, no statistical difference was found among the groups. Logistic regression analysis also confirmed that epistaxis was more likely to be reduced when the tube had been thermosoftened (odds ratio = 1.46, 95% confidence interval = 1.02, 2.11). We conclude that simple thermosoftening treatment of the nasotracheal tube with warm saline helps to reduce epistaxis and nasal damage. IMPLICATIONS: Thermosoftening treatment of a nasotracheal tube with warm saline before intubation can effectively reduce epistaxis and nasal damage. This technique is safe, easy, and suitable for all types of tubes and does not require additional implements. 相似文献
2.
Jae Seok Jeong Jong Seung Kim Sang Woo Yeom Min Gyu Lee Yeon Seok You Yong Chul Lee 《Medicine》2022,101(25)
Bronchiolitis generally refers to inflammation and/or fibrosis of the non-cartilaginous small airways located approximately from the 8th airway generation down to the terminal and respiratory bronchioles. In contrast to young children, the frequency of small airway infection in adult bronchiolitis appears less frequent and a number of other pathophysiological conditions have been implicated in adult bronchiolitis. However, little information is available on the exact medical burden of bronchiolitis such as its prevalence and comorbidities in the adult population. The aim of this study is to elucidate the prevalence and comorbidities of bronchiolitis. We used the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, which provides data for 1,000,000 individuals out of the entire population by 2% stratified random sampling according to age, sex, residential area, and level of household income. We defined the cause of bronchiolitis other than acute infection as a patient with diagnostic code J448 or J684 and over 20 years of age who visited a clinic or hospital in South Korea. Then, 1:1 propensity score matching was performed to define a non-bronchiolitis (control) group to compare the comorbidities and mortality in the 2 groups. The overall prevalence of bronchiolitis was 688 cases/1,000,000 population during the study period (95% confidence interval, 625–751). The most common comorbid clinical condition in adults with bronchiolitis was rhinitis (52.3%), followed by bronchial asthma (52.23%), hypertension (43.69%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (30.56%), sinusitis (28.72%), diabetes (22.77%), and osteoporosis (17.85%). Other common bronchiolitis-associated comorbidities were cerebrovascular disease (16.86%), angina (14.37%), peripheral vascular disease (13.42%), congestive heart failure (11.9%), and malignancy in any organ (10.6%). Healthcare costs for bronchiolitis increased steeply during the same period. Malignancy in any organ was the leading cause of mortality in the patient group, followed by bronchiolitis itself. Further larger prospective multiethnic cohort studies should be carried out in the near future. 相似文献
3.
4.
(?)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the principal constituent of green tea, protects neurons from toxic insults by suppressing the microglial secretion of neurotoxic inflammatory mediators. Voltage-gated proton channels are expressed in microglia, and are required for NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species generation. Brain damage after ischemic stroke is dependent on proton channel activity. Accordingly, we examined whether EGCG could inhibit proton channel function in the murine microglial BV2 cells. EGCG potently inhibited proton currents with an IC50 of 3.7 μM. Other tea catechins, (?)-epigallocatechin, (?)-epicatechin and (?)-epicatechin-3-gallate, were far less potent than EGCG. EGCG did not change the kinetics of proton currents such as the activation and the deactivation time constants, the reversal potential and the activation voltage, suggesting that the gating process of proton channels were not altered by EGCG. EGCG is known to disturb lipid rafts by sequestering cholesterol. However, neither extraction of cholesterol with methyl-β-cyclodextrin or cholesterol supplementation could reverse the EGCG inhibition of proton currents. In addition, the EGCG effect was preserved in the presence of the cytoskeletal stabilizers paclitaxel and phalloidin, phosphatase inhibitors, the antioxidant Trolox, superoxide dismutase or catalase. The proton channel inhibition can be a substantial mechanism for EGCG to suppress microglial activation and subsequent neurotoxic events. 相似文献
5.
Ji Sook Park Su-Jin Lee Tae Hyo Kim Jeongsuk Yeom Eun-Sil Park Ji-Hyun Seo Jin-Su Jun Jae-Young Lim Chan-Hoo Park Hyang-Ok Woo Hee-Shang Youn Gyung-Hyuck Ko Hyung-Lyun Kang Seung-Chul Baik Woo-Kon Lee Myung-Je Cho Kwang-Ho Rhee 《Yonsei medical journal》2013,54(6):1342-1352
Purpose
This study tried to identify novel gastric autoimmune antigens that might be involved in aggravating the atrophic gastritis among patients with Helicobacter pylori infection using two-dimensional immunoblotting analysis.Materials and Methods
Proteins from gastric mucosal antrectomy specimens and AGS cells (gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines derived from a Caucasian patient who had received no prior therapy) were 2-dimensionally immunoblotted separately with a pool of 300 sera from H. pylroi-infected patients at Gyeongsang National University Hospital.Results
Thirty-eight autoantigenic proteins including alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP+], alpha enolase, gastrokine-1, gastric triacylglycerol lipase, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1, and peroxiredoxin-2 were identified in the gastric mucosal tissue. Fourteen autoantigenic proteins including programmed cell death 6-interacting protein, serum albumin and T-complex protein 1 subunit gamma were identified in the AGS cells. Albumin, alpha-enolase, annexin A3, cytoplasmic actin 1, heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein and leukocyte elastase inhibitor were commonly observed autoantigenic proteins in both gastric mucosal tissue and AGS cells. Alpha-enolase, glutathione S-transferase P, heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1, human mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthase (ATP) subunit beta, mitochondrial 60 kDa heat shock protein, peroxiredoxin-2, 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein precursor, tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 and Tryptophan-Aspartic acid (WD) repeat-containing protein 1 showed 60% or higher amino acid positivity.Conclusion
These newly identified gastric autoimmune antigens might be useful in the control and prevention of gastroduodenal disorders, and might be valuable in breaking the vicious circle that exists in gastroduodenal disorders if their pathophysiological roles could be understood in the progress of chronic atrophic gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric carcinogenesis. 相似文献6.
Su-Jin Jeon Jong-Pil Yun Han-Gyeol Yeom Woo-Sang Shin Jong-Hyun Lee Seung-Hyun Jeong Min-Seock Seo 《Dento maxillo facial radiology》2021,50(5)
Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) system for predicting C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars on panoramic radiographs.Methods:Panoramic and cone beam CT (CBCT) images obtained from June 2018 to May 2020 were screened and 1020 patients were selected. Our dataset of 2040 sound mandibular second molars comprised 887 C-shaped canals and 1153 non-C-shaped canals. To confirm the presence of a C-shaped canal, CBCT images were analyzed by a radiologist and set as the gold standard. A CNN-based deep-learning model for predicting C-shaped canals was built using Xception. The training and test sets were set to 80 to 20%, respectively. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves were drawn, and the area under the curve (AUC) values were calculated. Further, gradient-weighted class activation maps (Grad-CAM) were generated to localize the anatomy that contributed to the predictions.Results:The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision of the CNN model were 95.1, 92.7, 97.0, and 95.9%, respectively. Grad-CAM analysis showed that the CNN model mainly identified root canal shapes converging into the apex to predict the C-shaped canals, while the root furcation was predominantly used for predicting the non-C-shaped canals.Conclusions:The deep-learning system had significant accuracy in predicting C-shaped canals of mandibular second molars on panoramic radiographs. 相似文献
7.
Bombi Lee Mijung Yeom Insop Shim Hyejung Lee Dae-Hyun Hahm 《Journal of natural medicines》2020,74(2):377-386
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychological disease that is triggered by traumatic events. It is known to cause various complications, including anxiety and depression. Umbelliferone (UMB) is a natural product of the coumarin family. This substance has been reported to exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and other biological effects. We used the open field test (OFT) and the forced swimming test (FST) to examine the effects of UMB on depression-like symptoms in rats after exposure to a single prolonged stress (SPS), which led to dysregulated activation of the serotonergic system. Male rats were given UMB (20, 40, or 60 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) once daily for 14 days after exposure to an SPS. Daily UMB administration significantly improved depression-like behaviors on the FST, increased the number of lines crossed in the central zone of the OFT, and reduced freezing behavior in both contextual and cued fear conditioning. UMB treatment attenuated the SPS-induced decrease in serotonin (5-HT) concentrations in the hippocampus and amygdala. The increased 5-HT concentration during UMB treatment was partially due to a decrease in the ratio of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid/5-HT in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD. According to our results, UMB has an antidepressant effect in rats exposed to an SPS, suggesting that this natural product of the coumarin family can be used to effectively treat PTSD. 相似文献
8.
9.
Eu Suk Kim Kyoung-Ho Song Baek-Nam Kim Yee Gyung Kwak Chang-Seop Lee Sang Won Park Chisook Moon Kyung Hwa Park Hee-Chang Jang Joon-Sup Yeom Won Sup Oh Chung-Jong Kim Hong Bin Kim Hyun-Sul Lim 《Yonsei medical journal》2014,55(2):435-441
Purpose
This study was performed to evaluate the compliance with, and adequacy of, the Korean national guidelines which had been recommended until 2011 for isolation of patients with group 1 nationally notifiable infectious diseases (NNIDs), namely cholera, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, shigellosis, and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infection.Materials and Methods
We evaluated the clinical and microbiological characteristics of confirmed cases of group 1 NNIDs and compliance with the guidelines in 20 Korean hospitals nationwide in 2000-2010. We also compared the Korean guidelines with international guidelines.Results
Among 528 confirmed cases (8 cases of cholera, 232 of typhoid fever, 81 of paratyphoid fever, 175 of shigellosis, and 32 EHEC infections), strict compliance with the Korean guideline was achieved in only 2.6% to 50.0%, depending on the disease. While the Korean guidelines recommend isolation of all patients with group 1 NNIDs, international guidelines recommend selective patient isolation and screening for fecal shedding, depending on the type of disease and patient status.Conclusion
Compliance with the previous national guidelines for group 1 NNIDs in Korea was generally very low. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether compliance was improved after implementation of the new guideline in 2012. 相似文献10.
Many studies have been performed to better understand the hemodynamics in microvessels, such as arterioles and venules. However, due to the heterogeneous features of size, shape, blood-flow velocity, and pulsatility of microvessels, conducting a systematic study on these factors has been almost impossible. Although in vitro studies have been performed for this purpose, the usefulness of in vitro data is limited by the fact that the rheological properties of blood are changed as blood is exposed to in vitro environments. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of a rat extracorporeal bypass model that combines in vivo and in vitro models. An arteriovenous shunt loop with a sub-bypass loop of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) microtube was constructed between the jugular vein and femoral artery of a rat. Three pinch valves were installed in the main loop. Microscopic images of the blood flow in the FEP tube were sequentially captured with a high-speed camera, and the whole velocity field information was obtained using a micro-particle image velocimetry technique. Experimental results reveal that the velocity fields of the blood flow inside the microtube are well measured because the FEP tube is transparent and has nearly the same refractive index as water. The flow velocity and the pulsatility index of the blood flow in the microtube can be controlled by adjusting the three pinch valves installed upstream, midstream, and downstream of the bypass loop. This hybrid model that combines in vivo and in vitro models can be useful in studying microvascular hemodynamics. 相似文献