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排序方式: 共有121条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Seyed Ahmad Samsamshariat Mehrnoosh Hashemzadeh Zahra Samsamshariat Mohammad-Reza Movahed 《Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine》2005,6(2):70-72
BACKGROUND: Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is a solvent and used in a wide range of biomedical applications. Many fatty-acid-based molecules cannot be administered without a solvent in vivo. PEG can be used to dissolve compounds to make them water soluble. However, the effect of PEG on the cardiovascular system has not been studied. In this study, we evaluated the effect of PEG on the cardiovascular system in rat models. METHODS: Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 g were used in this study. The control group (10 rats) were injected intraperitoneally with 0.5 ml of 5% D/W in normal saline and the second group (10 rats) with PEG 400, 2 ml/kg ip, twice a day for 1 week. After 4 weeks, the rats underwent general anesthesia and a 1.4 French ultra miniature pressure volume catheter (Millar catheter) was placed in the left ventricle via the right carotid artery to measure comprehensive hemodynamic data. The data were analyzed with PVAN pressure-volume analysis software. RESULTS: All the systolic and diastolic parameters were similar in both groups except for the effective arterial elastance (Ea), which was decreased in the PEG group. There were no significant differences in maximum (dp/dt(max)) and minimum (dp/dt(min)) development of pressure stroke work, cardiac output, ejection fraction, end systolic volume (Ves), and end diastolic volume. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated that PEG, as a solvent, decreases Ea in rats in comparison to a placebo. Therefore, PEG as a solvent should be used cautiously in the cardiovascular research. 相似文献
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3.
Mehrnoosh Tavakoli Ali Ghasemian Mohammad Reza Dehghani-Firouzabadi Bartomiej Mazela 《Materials》2022,15(1)
The inevitable destructive effects of moisture and temperature are obvious in cellulosic and nanocellulosic substrates. These materials are the main foundations of interdependent industries that produce products such as currency notes or high-quality packaging for sanitary, cosmetics, or ammunition in the defense industry. Therefore, it is essential to develop procedures to eliminate problems arising from humidity and fire to improve the quality of these green and sustainable materials. The production of waterproof and flame-resistant cellulose-based substrates has drawn increasing attention to resolve these drawbacks. In this review paper, we have initially summarized the most accessible cellulosic substrates, different kinds of nanocellulose, and the general information about water repellents and intumescent fireproof surfaces. Then, the potential and necessity of using cellulosic biobased substrates are addressed for use in modified shapes as waterproof and fire inhibitor coatings. Cost-effective, eco-friendly, and durable, dual-function coatings are also introduced as future challenges, which are exploited as water-repellents and flame-retardant cellulose-based surfaces for pulp and paper applications. 相似文献
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Ghaderi A Yeganeh F Kalantari T Talei AR Pezeshki AM Doroudchi M Dehaghani AS 《Breast cancer research and treatment》2004,86(1):1-7
The exon 1 polymorphism (49A/G) of ctla-4 gene corresponds to an amino acid exchange (threonine to alanine) in the leader peptide of the expressed protein. There are reports concerning the higher level of G allele in subjects with various autoimmune diseases, which has resulted in the hypothesis that CTLA-4 may play a role in regulating self-tolerance by the immune system and in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. This study was undertaken to investigate the correlation of exon 1 (49A/G) polymorphism in the ctla-4 gene and breast cancer. The ctla-4 49A/G polymorphism was studied in 197 women with primary breast cancer and 151 age/sex matched normal individuals. The results indicated a significant difference between frequency of ctla-4 genotypes in patients and controls. The frequency of GG genotype was significantly decreased in breast cancer patients compared to controls (4.6% v.s. 12.6%, P = 0.012). There was also a significant positive correlation between tumor size and the existence of AA genotype in patients (P = 0.016). In addition, a positive correlation between AA genotype and lymph node involvement was observed (P = 0.042). The observed decrease in the frequency of GG genotype in the breast cancer patients is contrary to the frequently reported increase of GG genotype in autoimmune diseases. In addition, the data implies that polymorphism of ctla-4 exon 1 contributes in tumor progression. 相似文献
6.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictive value of flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) compared with angina pectoris, exercise electrocardiography, and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). METHODS: This study was carried out in Shahid Madani Heart Center, Tabriz, Iran from April 2004 to September 2006. A total of 92 patients with chest pain syndrome were enrolled in this study. Using high resolution ultrasound system endothelial function was evaluated, and the result of the flow-mediated dilation (FMD%) was defined as the percent change in the internal diameter of the brachial artery during reactive hyperemia related to baseline. RESULTS: Coronary artery disease (CAD) was documented in 77 (83.7%) patients. The percentage of FMD was lower in patients with CAD compared with those +/- 4.61, p=0.001). In comparison with typical anginal chest pain (sensitivity 46.7%, specificity 80%), exercise stress test (sensitivity 75%, specificity 60%), and MPI (sensitivity 96.5, specificity 55.6%) the receiver operator characteristic curve showed the percentage FMD optimal cut-off value as =7.41 with a sensitivity of 87.0%, specificity of 66.7%, negative predictive value of 93.0%, and positive predictive value of 50%. CONCLUSION: In patients with chest pain syndrome, the FMD is a sensitive indicator of CAD with moderate specificity that is unable to predict accurately the extent and severity of it. 相似文献
7.
Sherina Mohd-Sidik Mehrnoosh Akhtari-Zavare Ummavathy Periasamy Lekhraj Rampal Siti Irma Fadhilah Rozi Mahmud 《Patient education and counseling》2018,101(5):862-871
Objectives
The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate the outcomes of chemotherapy counselling based on the “Managing Patients on Chemotherapy” module on self-esteem and psychological affect (anxiety, depression) of cancer patients by pharmacists in ten selected government hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia.Methods
A randomized control trial was conducted among 2120 cancer patients from April 2016 to January 2017 in ten selected government hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia. Cancer patients were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received chemotherapy counselling by pharmacists based on the “Managing Patients on Chemotherapy” module. The outcomes were assessed at baseline, 1st, 2nd and 3rd follow-ups after counselling. In the course of data analysis; independent sample t-test, chi-square and two-way repeated measures ANOVA were conducted.Results
Mean scores of self-esteem in the intervention group had significant difference in comparison with those of the control group in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd follow-ups after counselling (P?<?0.0001). Also, among those with depression and anxiety at baseline, there was reduction in depression and anxiety scores after the 1st, 2nd and 3rd follow-ups after counselling (p?<?0.05).Conclusion
Repetitive counselling by pharmacists based on the “Managing Patients on Chemotherapy” module had positive effect on improving self-esteem and psychological affect of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in Peninsular Malaysia.Practice implications
This module can be used for all Malaysian cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy to improving self-esteem and psychological affect. 相似文献8.
Purpose
Alcohol intoxication is an important contributor to traumatic facial injuries. The period following injuries afford clinicians a useful window of opportunity to provide alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI) which may affect changes in patients’ future drinking behaviour. Although SBI has been reported to decrease at risk drinking and potentially trauma recurrence, it is not routinely utilised in most clinical settings in the world. This study aims to assess utilisation of, as well as patients’ knowledge and attitude towards SBI in the management of patients presenting with alcohol-related facial fractures.Methods
Twenty consecutive patients who presented to Western Health with facial fractures who met selection criteria were offered an alcohol screening and survey questionnaire.Results
Ninety percent of patients were male and 50% were aged between 19 and 34. ASSIST score showed 65% were in the moderate risk category; 75% reported this was their first admission with alcohol related trauma. Although 75% acknowledged alcohol as a main cause of injury, only 40% agreed they drink too much. Forty-four percent felt that talking to a healthcare worker might help and 33% would consider accepting help. Forty-seven percent felt reading materials would be helpful in changing future drinking habits. Whilst 63% would like to know safe drinking limit, only 45% would like to have a discussion about alcohol-related harms.Conclusions
Most patients presented in this survey were in moderate risk category who are amenable to behavioural change with provision of SBI. However, there is resistance to implementation of this intervention due to lack of knowledge, self-awareness and willingness to change. Nonetheless, patients are prepared to accept advice from clinicians and some formats of intervention. It is important to formulate a simple screening questionnaire and intervention strategy that are easy to administer to affect positive changes in patients with harmful drinking behaviours.9.
Movahed M Izumi H Higuchi Y Lai V Theppitak C Kumadini G Kumashiro M 《Journal of UOEH》2012,34(1):15-25
In the workplace, localized muscle fatigue can be a limiting factor for prolonged static work. It is important to study the etiology of fatigue in the muscle to prevent discomfort and potential muscle injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sustained trunk flexion and loading on the erector spinae muscles (ESM) fatigue using electromyography (EMG) and muscle oxygenation (Mox) changes. Twelve healthy male volunteers, aged between 19 and 28 years (mean age 23 +/- 2.6), participated in this study. The subjects held a load (5, 10 and 15 kg) and no load in their hands whilst sustaining trunk flexion at 60 degrees and also in an upright standing posture for 30 seconds. Five minutes rest was given between the conditions, and each condition was randomly repeated three times. Surface EMG and near-infrared spectroscopy were recorded. Root mean square and median frequency (MF) of EMG, and Mox were calculated. The results showed a greater decrease in Mox with an increase in loads over time (P = 0.015). Using unloaded trunk flexion as a control to ascertain load effect resulted in a significant difference in Mox in the unloaded condition and in the 15 kg condition (P = 0.027). EMG results showed a significant decrease in the MF over time in trunk flexion while holding a load (P < 0.001). These results show objectively that trunk flexion while holding loads causes ESM fatigue. 相似文献
10.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent cancer in Iran. A common polymorphism at codon 72 of exon 4 of p53 tumor suppressor gene has been reported
to be associated with increased inheritable susceptibility to several cancers. In the present study the frequency of p53 codon
72 polymorphism in 91 patients with BCC of skin, compared to 465 healthy normal individuals, was investigated. In total, there
was no significant difference in the p53 genotypes between patients and controls. However, there was an apparent increase
in theArgl Arg genotype among those BCC patients who had a history of occupational sun exposure, compared to non-exposed patients (46.3%
vs. 23.1%, P=0.11). A trend of increase in the frequency ofArg
allele among sun-exposed patients was also observed (69.4% vs. 53.8%, P=0.07). Comparison of the genotype frequencies between sunexposed
patients and normal controls confirmed the accumulation ofArgl Arg genotype in these patients (46.3% vs. 34.8%, P = 0.07). In addition, the frequency ofArg allele was significantly higher in sunexposed patients compared to controls (69.4% vs. 58.2%, P=0.03). Our results suggest
thatArg allele at codon 72 of p53 gene might affect the risk of ultraviolet-induced basal cell carcinoma. 相似文献