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2.
Martin F. Ward Angie Titchen Clare Morrell Brendan McCormack Alison Kitson 《Journal of clinical nursing》1998,7(1):29-36
? The paper describes a multiproject practice development programme undertaken over a period of 1 year. ? The background and development of the programme are outlined, whilst attention is paid to the innovatory nature of the work, particularly the use of inductive, deductive and integrated approaches to both change implementation and project supervision. ? The programme was monitored throughout using different data sources and the paper uses evaluative material retrospectively to provide answers to organizational and professional difficulties which arose during the course of the programme. ? The authors conclude that the use of combinations of different models for practice development has potential, but requires careful supervision. ? They also recommend that those involved in practice development are made fully aware of its local or micropolitics, and develop strategies to deal with change before it occurs, not after it has taken place. 相似文献
3.
Rebecca M. Schwartz PhD Edmond S. Malka Michael Augenbraun Steven Rubin Matthew Hogben Nicole Liddon William M. McCormack Tracey E. Wilson 《Journal of urban health》2006,83(6):1095-1104
Efforts to control chlamydial and gonococcal infections include notifying eligible sexual partners of possible infection,
primarily by asking the diagnosed patient to notify their partners. This approach, known as patient referral, is widely used
but poorly understood. The current study examined psychosocial and cognitive factors associated with patient referral among
an urban, minority sample of 168 participants recently diagnosed with Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae. At a follow-up interview 1-month from diagnosis, participants were more likely to have notified all eligible partners if
they had greater intention to notify at baseline (OR = 3.72; 95% CI = 1.34, 10.30) and if they had only one partner at baseline
(OR = 4.08; 95% CI = 1.61, 10.31). There were also gender differences as well as differences based on type of partner (i.e.,
regular, casual, one-time). The implications of these findings for the design of programs to promote patient referral for
sexually transmitted infections are discussed.
Schwartz, Malka, Augenbraun, McCormack, and Wilson are with the State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn,
NY, USA; Rubin is with the New York City Department of Health, Bureau of STD Control, New York, NY, USA; Rubin, Hogben, and
Liddon are with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Schwartz is with the Department of Preventive
Medicine and Community Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Box 1240, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA. 相似文献
4.
Brendan McCormack BSc DPSN PGCEA RGN RMN Clinical Lecturer in Nursing 《Journal of advanced nursing》1992,17(2):187-197
The research describes how nursing staff on a general surgical ward in a district general hospital perceived the delivery method of nursing care in practice. The study design was based on ethnographic methods and data were collected by diary keeping and semi-structured interviews. An organizational method based on the principles of primary nursing had been implemented on the ward for 2 years prior to the study commencing. As well as talking in general terms about primary nursing, the nursing staff talked at some length about specific issues related to their practice. 相似文献
5.
Adenosine as a vasodilator in primary pulmonary hypertension 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
J M Morgan D G McCormack M J Griffiths C J Morgan P J Barnes T W Evans 《Circulation》1991,84(3):1145-1149
BACKGROUND. The acute administration of vasodilator drugs to patients with primary pulmonary hypertension has been advocated to identify those with reversible pulmonary vasoconstriction. Unfortunately, the usefulness of the drugs currently available is limited by accompanying systemic hypotension. A vasodilator with effects confined to the pulmonary circulation would therefore be advantageous in such patients. METHODS AND RESULTS. The purine nucleoside adenosine was infused into the pulmonary artery in seven patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (baseline pulmonary vascular resistance [PVR], 442-1,295 dyne/cm/sec-5) to determine its effect on PVR. In all patients, there was a dose-dependent and significant reduction (mean maximal percent decrease from baseline, 38.9%; p less than 0.001) in PVR mediated through a decrease in pulmonary artery pressure and an increase in cardiac output. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) also decreased, but the ratio of PVR to SVR decreased (maximal mean percent decrease from baseline) by 10.5% (p less than 0.025), indicating that adenosine has a preferential vasodilator effect on the pulmonary circulation when administered in this manner. CONCLUSIONS. Because of its pharmacokinetic and vasodilator properties, adenosine may have a specific role in the investigation of primary pulmonary hypertension. 相似文献
6.
D J Horne H M McCormack J P Collins J F Forbes I S Russell 《The Medical journal of Australia》1986,145(7):346-348
A 50-year-old patient with breast cancer was about to withdraw from her adjuvant chemotherapy regimen because of a long-standing phobia about being injected, which had been compounded by anxieties that were associated with the severe side-effects of adjuvant chemotherapy. She experienced a conditioned nausea response to hospital and medical situations. A psychological programme that incorporated relaxation training, systematic desensitization by way of the patient's visual imagination and videotape modelling, allowed her to complete the course of chemotherapy and to feel less anxious in hospital and medical settings. 相似文献
7.
D L Goad C M Davis P Liem C C Fuselier J R McCormack K M Olsen 《The Journal of clinical psychiatry》1991,52(8):342-345
BACKGROUND: Currently there is no regimen for managing the inappropriate behavior seen in Alzheimer's disease that does not cause significant patient sedation. Preliminary evidence suggests selegiline may be effective in behavioral modification without the adverse effects observed with other regimens. The purpose of this study was to document the efficacy of selegiline in Alzheimer's patients with behavior problems. METHOD: Eight Alzheimer's patients (6 women and 2 men) ranging in age from 50 to 82 years (mean +/- SD = 74.0 +/- 10.5) were enrolled in this single-blind study. Patients received selegiline 10 mg each day for 8 weeks. Prior to drug administration and at the end of Weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8, patients were evaluated for behavior (BEHAVEAD), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination), and caregiver stress (Caregiver Burden Scale). RESULTS: Of eight enrolled patients, five were available for analysis. No statistically significant differences were found between mean baseline and mean 8-week scores for any of the three tests. However, clinical significance was noted by improvement in cognition (orientation and recall), caregiver stress, and behavior. Behavior was noted to improve in the areas of paranoid and delusional ideation, hallucinations, activity disturbances, anxiety, and phobias. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that some Alzheimer's patients with behavior problems may benefit from selegiline therapy. 相似文献
8.
G L McCormack 《The American journal of occupational therapy》1988,42(9):582-590
Chronic pain is common among individuals with physical disabilities. It can interfere with therapy since patients with chronic pain can become uncooperative and reluctant to move. In some cases, patients may even project their discomfort onto the therapist. This paper reviews the natural physiological mechanisms that can reduce pain perception. The occupational therapist can help facilitate the activation of these mechanisms through a combination of noninvasive modalities, functional activities, and the therapeutic use of self. 相似文献
9.
B M McCormack D C Miller G N Budzilovich G J Voorhees J Ransohoff 《Neurosurgery》1992,31(4):636-42; discussion 642
A retrospective review of the records of the Division of Neuropathology at the New York University Medical Center between 1977 and 1988 revealed 53 cases of adult supratentorial astrocytomas. Fifty were fibrillary, and three were gemistocytic. Two additional patients had pilocytic tumors and were not included in the study. The majority of patients had either a subtotal (64%) or gross total resection (19%). Biopsy (17%) was performed for deep-seated lesions and for those lesions confined to eloquent cortex. Forty-eight patients (91%) received postoperative radiation therapy. The median survival was 7 1/4 years with a 5-year survival of 64%. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the most important prognosticators for improved survival were young age, absence of contrast enhancement of the original tumor on computed tomography (CT) and the performance status of the patient. Patients with hemispheric tumors died from dedifferentiation into an anaplastic astrocytoma or a glioblastoma multiforme, with a median time to recurrence of 4.5 years from the original surgery. Survival from the time of recurrence was 12 months. Subsequent operations confirmed progression towards malignancy in six of seven (86%) recurrent tumors. CT contrast enhancement of the original tumor was associated with a 6.8-fold increase in risk for later recurrence. Patients with thalamic tumors (six patients) had a poor prognosis with a median survival of less than 2 years. A review of their CT scans suggest that four died of progressive low-grade disease; however, confirmatory autopsy data were available for only one patient. This study supports others that have shown improved survival for adult patients with astrocytomas treated in the CT era. 相似文献
10.