血管细胞粘附分子调控造血的研究进展

本文简述了血管细胞粘附分子 (Vascularcelladhesionmolecule 1,VCAM 1)的结构和生物学功能 ,总结了VCAM 1在恶性血液病骨髓基质中的表达和意义 ,探讨了VCAM 1在造血干细胞动员和归巢中的作用 ,指出VCAM 1作用机制的深入研究将对恶性血液病的治疗提供更为有效的方法。     

Dislocation after total hip arthroplasty. Causes and prevention

In this prospective study, a technique of positioning the acetabulum by bony landmarks of the pelvis in the standing position was developed using a standing lateral preoperative roentgenogram with the X-ray tube centered over the trochanter. Since 1984, 441 total hip arthroplasties (THAs) were done through the posterior approach with a 1.14% dislocation rate through 1988 and no dislocations in 1989. To prevent impingement and dislocation, it was determined that the safest range for cup position was 30 degrees-50 degrees abduction and 20 degrees-40 degrees flexion from the horizontal. To measure postoperative cup position, a standing true lateral roentgenogram of the operated hip allowed direct measurement of cup flexion and was reproducible within 10 degrees. No special instruments are necessary for this technique, which can be used with any THA system.     

Glycoproteins present in human follicular fluid that inhibit the zona- binding capacity of spermatozoa

Previous studies have suggested that human follicular fluid contains factors that reduce the zona-binding capacity of spermatozoa. The present study provides further evidence of the existence of such factors. Using the hemizona binding assay (HZA), we have shown that the inhibitory effect of human follicular fluid on the zona-binding capacity of spermatozoa is concentration-dependent, an inhibitory effect being detected when the concentration of human follicular fluid was > or = 10%. A 1% concentration of human follicular fluid did not possess this inhibitory activity. Heating human follicular fluid at 56 degrees C for 30 min did not affect its inhibitory properties; treatment with proteinase-K abolished such inhibition. Human follicular fluid was fractionated sequentially by concanavalin-A affinity chromatography, Mono Q ion-exchange chromatography and Superose-12 gel filtration. The zona binding inhibitory activity resided in the fraction which bound to the lectin and Mono Q column and contained molecules with native molecular weights of 32 and 192 kDa. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis suggested that the 192 kDa glycoprotein was a tetramer, while the 32 kDa glycoprotein remained as a single molecular species under denaturing conditions. We conclude that two glycoproteins were responsible for the zona binding inhibitory activity of human follicular fluid. The physiological role of these factors remains unclear.      

High tibial osteotomy: a retrospective review of 72 cases

Past experience has shown that the results of high tibial osteotomy are difficult to predict. The purpose of this review was to correlate preoperative findings with postoperative results to define more precisely the indications and contraindications and to improve results. Between 1970 and 1983, 72 high tibial osteotomies for osteoarthritis were done at Duke University Medical Center by one surgeon using a consistent surgical technique. Fourteen complications were identified in 72 knees. The only one causing a persistent problem was a fracture of the tibial plateau. Forty-five knees in 38 patients were available for follow-up at an average of six years (range 1.5 to 15.0 years). Results in 15 knees (33%) were classified as "good" (pain free), in 20 knees (44%) as "fair" (improved), and in ten knees (22%) as "poor" (unchanged or worse). Three patients with fair results subsequently had total knee arthroplasty at least nine years after the osteotomy, and two of those with poor results received total knee replacement within two years of the tibial osteotomy. Measurements obtained from standing roentgenograms revealed an average of 3 degrees of preoperative varus and 8 degrees of postoperative valgus, for an average correction of 11 degrees. There was no statistically significant correlation between preoperative measurements of joint space or alignment and postoperative result. This review indicates that preoperative standing films of the knee alone are not a reliable indication for patient selection.     

Detection of equine arteritis virus in the semen of carrier stallions by using a sensitive nested PCR assay.

A nested PCR, developed for the detection of equine arteritis virus (EAV) in semen, detected less than 2.5 PFU of EAV per ml of naturally infected seminal plasma. Based on results from testing 88 semen samples from 70 stallions, the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 100 and 97%, respectively.