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1.
G. Kindermann 《Archives of gynecology and obstetrics》1995,257(1-4):107-115
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
2.
Behaviour of testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and cortisol before and after a triathlon competition 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To provide information on the duration of the regeneration phase after several hours of physical strain, venous blood samples of eight participants in a 1/4 triathlon competition were taken each day at the same time (arrival) for determinations of testosterone (T), SHBG, and cortisol (C). In addition, urea, creatinine, creatinine kinase, and the changes in plasma volume were determined. Directly after arrival, T had not changed substantially, but decreased nonsignificantly on each of the following days and obtained the lowest concentration on the 2nd day after the triathlon. T/SHBG as an expression of free testosterone was significantly reduced on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th days after the competition. C increased up until the end of the competition by 4.5 times the original value, and during the subsequent days it decreased again to the normal range. Until the end of the observation period on the 4th day after the competition, urea was still significantly elevated. The data suggest an anabolic deficit lasting for several days as a result of prolonged physical strain. 相似文献
3.
Urban Sester Barbara C. Gärtner Heinrike Wilkens Bernhard Schwaab Rolf Wössner Ingrid Kindermann Matthias Girndt reas Meyerhans Nikolaus Mueller-Lantzsch Hans-Joachim Schäfers Gerhard W. Sybrecht Hans Köhler Martina Sester 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(6):1483-1489
Patients after kidney, heart and lung transplantation differ in their immunosuppressive drug regimens and in susceptibility to infectious complications with cytomegalovirus (CMV). In this study, CMV-specific T-cell responses were characterized in long-term transplant recipients and associated with the frequency of infectious complications. CMV-reactive CD4 T cells from 50 healthy controls, 68 renal, 14 heart and 24 lung transplant recipients were flow cytometrically quantified by the induction of cytokines after specific stimulation. Moreover, the immunosuppressive effect of calcineurin inhibitors on specific T-cell reactivity was quantified in vitro and compared with responses in vivo. Median CMV-specific T-cell frequencies in long-term renal (1.48%; range 0.06-17.26%) and heart transplant recipients (0.90%; 0.13-12.49%) did not differ from controls (1.82%; 0.26-21.00%). In contrast, CMV-specific T-cell levels were significantly lower in lung transplant recipients (0.50%; <0.05-4.98%) and showed a significant correlation with the frequency of infectious episodes (r =-0.57, p = 0.005). The differences within the groups were associated with increasing dosages of immunosuppressive drugs, as exemplified for calcineurin inhibitors that dose dependently reduced specific T-cell reactivity in vitro. In conclusion, monitoring CMV-specific CD4 T cells may serve as a measure for long-term disease susceptibility and may contribute to an improved management of CMV complications after lung transplantation. 相似文献
4.
Summary The effects of hyperthermia on blood flow and oxygen consumption
of the tongue were investigated in anesthetized dogs. For comparison, blood flow through the skin and deep muscle of the hind leg was also measured in some animals. Increasing blood temperature revealed a biphasic response of lingual blood flow. At 41°C blood temperature respiratory frequency was twice that of control and there was a reduction of lingual blood flow, while resistance of the lingual bed was increased significantly. The arterio-venous oxygen difference (AVDO2) of lingual blood was markedly increased at this level and the
of the tongue was like-wise significantly greater than control. At 41.9°C, the steep increase of respiratory frequency was accompanied by a marked fall in lingual resistance as evidenced by a four-fold increase of lingual blood flow. The systemic AVDO2 rose at this temperature, while the lingual AVDO2 fell dramatically. There was no further increase of lingual
. At both temperature levels the blood flow through the skin did not change substantially, while the deep muscle blood flow slightly increased. The mean arterial pressure showed a progressive fall during hyperthermia. It is assumed that the decrease of lingual blood flow at elevated blood temperature without panting is due to a redistribution of cardiac output to areas other than the tongue. The increase of lingual blood flow without an additional increase of lingual
during panting may be explained solely as a mechanism for heat dissipation. The fact that the decrease of lingual resistance was demonstrated in immobilized animals concomitant with high frequency phrenic burst activity suggests that the decrease of lingual resistance and panting may be induced by a common central integrating mechanism. 相似文献
5.
Circulating leucocyte subpopulations in sedentary subjects following graded maximal exercise with hypoxia 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Holger Gabriel Thomas Kullmer Lothar Schwarz Axel Urhausen Benno Weiler Petra Born Wilfried Kindermann 《European journal of applied physiology》1993,67(4):348-353
Summary Ten healthy sedentary subjects [age, 27.5 (SD 3.5) years; height, 180 (SD 5) cm; mass, 69.3 (SD 6.3) kg] performed two periods of maximal incremental graded cycle ergometer exercise in a supine position. Randomly ordered and using an open spirometric system, one exercise was carried out during normoxia [maximal oxygen consumption (
O2max)=38.6 (SD 3.5) ml·min–1·kg–1; maximal blood lactate concentration, 9.86 (SD 1.85) mmol·l–1; test duration, 22.6 (SD 2.7) min], the other during hypoxia [
O2max=33.2 (SD 3.2) ml·min–1· kg–1; maximal blood lactate concentration, 10.38 (SD 2.02) mmol·l–1; test duration, 19.7 (SD 2.8) min]. At rest, immediately (0 p) and 60 min (60 p) after exercise, counts of leucocyte subpopulations (flow cytometry), cortisol and catecholamine concentrations were determined. At 0 p in contrast to normoxia, during hypoxia there was no significant increase of granulocytes. There were no significant differences between normoxia and hypoxia in the increases from rest to 0 p in counts of monocytes, total lymphocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations [clusters of differentiation (CD), CD3+, CD4+CD45RO–, CD4+CD45RO+, CD8+CD45RO–, CD8+CD45RO+, CD3+HLA-DR+, CD3–CD16/CD56+, CD3+CD16/CD56+, CD 19+] as well as adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol concentrations. The counts of CD3 –CD16/CD56+-and CD8 +CD45RO+-cells increased most. At 60 p, CD3–CD16/CD56+ and CD3+CD16/CD56+-cell counts were below pre-exercise levels and under hypoxia slightly but significantly lower than under normoxia. We concluded that the exercise-induced mobilization and redistribution of most leucocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations were unimpaired under acute hypoxia at sea level. Reduced increases of granulocyte counts during the study and reduced cell numbers of natural killer cells and cytotoxic, not major histocompatibility complex-restricted T-cells, only indicated marginal effects on the immune system. 相似文献
6.
7.
Increased phagocytic capacity of the blood,but decreased phagocytic activity per individual circulating neutrophil after an ultradistance run 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Holger Gabriel Hans-Josef Müller Karin Kettler Lars Brechtel Axel Urhausen Wilfried Kindermann 《European journal of applied physiology》1995,71(2-3):281-283
The effect of a long strenuous endurance exercise on the phagocytic function of neutrophils was examined. 9 athletes [7 males, 2 females, age: 36–68 years, body mass: 64 (SD 10) kg, height: 175 (SD 10) cm] completed a competetive 100 km run in 8:07 (median value; range: 7:29–9:50 hours). In a whole blood assay the phagocytosis of opsonized E. coli, the receptor density of the Fc receptor 3 (CD16) and the complement receptor 3 (CD11b, direct immunofluorescence) of neutrophils were measured on a per cell basis by flow cytometry before and up to 3 hours after the race. The phagocytic rate (percentage of neutrophils incorporating bacteria) was unchanged after exercise, whereas the phagocytic activity (number of incorporated bacteria per cell) was significantly reduced by –34 (SD 8) % (Wilcoxon test, P<0.001). The total phagocytic capacity of the blood increased 2-3fold post exercise. The surface antigen expressions of CD11b and CD16 were unaffected by the ultradistance run. The results indicate either a reduced phagocytic function of neutrophils on a single cell basis or the mobilization of neutrophils of the marginal pool with a lower phagocytic activity. However, after a long endurance exercise the phagocytotic capacity of the blood was enhanced due to increased cell concentrations. 相似文献
8.
Mobilization and oxidative burst of neutrophils are influenced by carbohydrate supplementation during prolonged cycling in humans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Scharhag J Meyer T Gabriel HH Auracher M Kindermann W 《European journal of applied physiology》2002,87(6):584-587
Prolonged, strenuous exercise may lead to suppressive effects on the immune system, which might be responsible for a greater
susceptibility to opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of carbohydrate substitution
(CHS) during prolonged, strenuous exercise on neutrophil granulocytes and their oxidative burst (intracellular oxidation of
dihydrorhodamine123 to rhodamine123 after induction by formylized 1-methionyl-1-leucyl-1-phenylalanin) using flow cytometry. In three trials different concentrations
of CHS (placebo compared to 6% and 12% CHS; 50 ml·kg–1) were given randomly to 14 endurance trained cyclists [mean (SD) age 25 (5) years, maximal oxygen uptake 67 (6) ml·min–1·kg–1] cycling for 4 h in a steady state at 70% of their individual anaerobic threshold. Blood samples were taken before, immediately
after cessation, 1 h and 19 h after exercise. A significant rise in neutrophil counts was observed immediately after cessation
and 1 h after exercise with a return to normal rest values 19 h after exercise for all three conditions (P<0.001). The relative proportions of rhodamine123+ neutrophils were significantly diminished in all three conditions 1 h after exercise (P<0.01), while the mean fluorescence intensity was lowest in the placebo trial and differed significantly to the 12% CHS trial
(P=0.024) and almost significantly to the 6% CHS trial (P=0.052). In conclusion, these data suggest a beneficial effect of CHS on the neutrophil oxidative burst and a possible attenuation
of the susceptibility to infections, presumably due to the reduction of metabolic stress in prolonged, strenuous exercise.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
9.
Rabbit pups are completely dependent on a maternal pheromone for the release of suckling behavior. However, if the mother is perfumed prior to nursing, pups will learn to respond to the novel odor with the characteristic nipple-search behavior in just one 3-4 min nursing episode. In a first investigation of the processes underlying this recently developed learning paradigm, time-dependent effects of hypothermia on retention of the task could be demonstrated. Thus pups whose whole body was cooled to a mouth temperature of 7 degrees C immediately after conditioning (n = 10) and tested 24 h later for 3 min on a perfumed fur did not differ significantly in their search response from naive, untreated controls (n = 10). In contrast, pups cooled 4 h after conditioning (n = 10) demonstrated clear retention of the learned response and searched as vigorously as conditioned but uncooled animals (n = 10). As pups of all groups demonstrated normal nipple-search behavior when tested on a lactating doe, the deficits associated with immediate cooling appear to have been specific to the learning task and time of treatment. 相似文献
10.
Die Anaesthesiologie - 相似文献