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Clonidine (10 micrograms X kg-1) reduced by almost 50% the increase in plasma neuropeptide (NPY)-like immunoreactivity (-LI) induced by preganglionic nerve stimulation at 8 Hz. This effect was reversed by yohimbine (1 mg X kg-1) which caused a three-fold increase of the plasma NPY-LI. Prazosin (1 mg X kg-1) had no such effect. Guanethidine (5 mg X kg-1) reduced the stimulation-evoked increase in plasma NPY-LI. It is concluded that the release of NPY-LI evoked by nerve stimulation from sympathetic nerve terminals is controlled by a presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated mechanism. 相似文献
3.
Benign intracranial hypertension and recombinant growth hormone therapy in Australia and New Zealand
PA Crock JD McKenzie AM Nicoll NJ Howard W Cutfield LK Shield G Byrne 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1998,87(4):381-386
Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is reported in three children from Australia and one from New Zealand, who were being treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). Three males and one female, aged between 10.5 and 14.2 y, developed intracranial hypertension within 2 weeks to 3 months of starting treatment. A national database, OZGROW, has been prospectively collecting data on all 3332 children treated with rhGH in Australia and New Zealand from January 1986 to 1996. The incidence of BIH in children treated with growth hormone (GH) is small, 1.2 per 1000 cases overall, but appears to be greater with biochemical GHD (<10IUml -1 ), i.e. 6.5/1000 (3 in 465 cases), relative risk 18.4, 95% confidence interval 1.9-176.1, than in all other children on the database. The incidence in patients with Turner's syndrome was 2.3/1000 (1 in 428 cases). No cases in patients with partial GHD (10–20 IUml -1 ) or chronic renal failure were identified. Possible causative mechanisms are discussed. The authors'practice is now to start GH replacement at less than the usual recommended dose of 14IUm-2 week-1 in those children considered to be at high risk of developing BIH. Ophthalmological evaluation is recommended for children before and during the first few months following commencement of rhGH therapy and is mandatory in the event of peripheral or facial oedema, persistent headaches, vomiting or visual symptoms. The absence of papilledema does not exclude the diagnosis. 相似文献
4.
In a prospective, randomized, double-blind study, 49 patients underwent lumbar myelography using iotrol (24 patients) or metrizamide (25 patients). The diagnostic imaging adequacy of iotrol was comparable with that of metrizamide. After iotrol myelography, adverse reactions were fewer, less severe, and of shorter duration than were those following metrizamide myelography. Thirteen of 24 patients (54%) receiving iotrol reported some adverse reactions compared with 24 of 25 patients (96%) receiving metrizamide. Five moderate and one severe adverse reaction occurred in the group receiving iotrol. Fourteen moderate and eight severe adverse reactions occurred in the group receiving metrizamide. Thirty-eight patients underwent electroencephalography both before and after myelography (19 iotrol and 19 metrizamide). None of the EEGs obtained after iotrol myelography changed from baseline, while seven of the EEGs obtained after metrizamide myelography showed changes from baseline. Iotrol was judged superior to metrizamide as a contrast medium in this patient population. 相似文献
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Occurrence of anti-C1q antibodies in IgA nephropathy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gunnarsson I; Ronnelid J; Lundberg I; Jacobson S 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(11):2263-2268
Background: The pathogenic mechanisms and the antigens
involved in the establishment and progress of IgA nephropathy are unknown.
As antibodies against C1q have been reported to correlate with SLE
nephritis, we analysed the occurrence of these antibodies in IgA
nephropathy in order to investigate the possibility of pathogenetic
similarities in these renal disorders. Methods: The
occurrence of IgA- and IgG anti-C1q antibodies (anti-C1q) were determined
by ELISA in patients with IgA nephropathy (n=36) and SLE nephritis (n=37),
diseases both known to be associated with circulating immune complexes.
Levels of these antibodies were also determined in two other glomerular
diseases, i.e. idiopathic membranous glomerulo-nephritis (n=7) and minimal
change disease (n=2), in which circulating immune complexes are usually not
present, and in 40 healthy controls. Results: IgA
anti-C1q was observed in increased titres in 11/36 of the patients with IgA
nephropathy, in 2/37 of the patients with SLE nephritis (both with
proliferative disease) and in 1/9 of the patients with membranous and
minimal change disease (P<0.001). Increased titres of IgG anti-C1q
were observed in 1/36 of the patients with IgA nephropathy, in 17/37 of the
patients with SLE nephritis and in 0/9 of the patients with membranous and
minimal change disease (P<0.001). There were no correlations between
the levels of anti-C1q antibodies and clinical parameters such as degree of
proteinuria, haematuria, or renal function. Nor was there any correlation
to the concentration of C3a and the terminal complement complex (TCC) in
patients with IgA nephropathy. Conclusions: The
occurrence of anti-C1q antibodies in both IgA nephropathy and SLE
nephritis, albeit of different predominating isotypes, indicates the
possibility of a similar pathogenic mechanism involved in these renal
disorders. The occurrence of IgA anti-C1q antibodies in patients with IgA
nephropathy has to our knowledge not previously been reported. 相似文献
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9.
G Lindstedt E Nystr?m P A Lundberg E Johansson R Eggertsen 《Scandinavian journal of primary health care》1992,10(3):192-197
In order to assess the diagnostic outcome of a screening for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in an elderly population, we determined ionized calcium in serum from 368 individuals participating in a health control at M?lnlycke Primary Care Centre (200 women, 168 men; age range 75-95 years); four-fifths of the individuals living in their homes, the remainder in homes for aged or nursing homes. Intact parathyroid hormone was determined in the samples with oinized calcium concentration greater than mean + 3SD of the truncated population sample, and these individuals were also recalled for another blood sample. Moderate hypercalcaemia, probably due to PHPT, was found in eight individuals (2% of the complete sample, 3% of the women), five having neuropsychiatric or neuromuscular symptoms consistent with PHPT. Surgical intervention is probably indicated in only a small proportion of elderly patients. We conclude that optimal benefits in relation to costs of screening for PHPT in old people will depend on the availability of a safe and simple pharmacological treatment that could determine any causal relationship between hypercalcaemia and symptoms. 相似文献
10.
M Frankenhaeuser U Lundberg M Rauste von Wright J von Wright G Sedvall 《Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior》1986,24(6):1521-1525
Concentrations of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA) and the noradrenaline metabolite 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl glycol (HMPG) were determined in urine samples from healthy male and female students by mass fragmentography. Urine samples were obtained after a demanding examination (mental stress) and a day of ordinary school work (control condition). Self-ratings were obtained of feelings induced by the examination, and of habitual psychosomatic symptoms. The results for both sexes showed that the examination stress induced a significant increase of HVA and HMPG excretion, but not of 5-HIAA. The males excreted significantly more of each of the metabolites than the females. The pattern of correlations between metabolite levels and psychological and psychosomatic variables were strikingly different for the two sexes. 相似文献