Die Schweissfasern für die Vorderpfote der Katze

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Fortgesetzte Studien am Rückenmarke

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Cardiovascular and Hormonal Effects of Domperidone, A Peripheral Dopaminergic Blocker, in Bromocriptine-Treated Hypertensive Patients

Nine patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension were studied at the Vargas Hospital of Caracas, Venezuela. After antihypertensive treatment discontinuation, all patients were placed on placebo during a 1-week period, after which domperidone, a peripheral DA(2) dopaminergic blocker, was orally administered at the dose of 20 mg every 12 h during a period of 1 week. A final 1-week period of bromocriptine, 2.5 mg orally every 8 h, followed the domperidone period. Cold pressor test caused an increase of mean blood pressure and of heart rate, which was more accentuated after adding bromocriptine. Domperidone also caused an increase of serum aldosterone levels. Our results suggest that a dopaminergic mechanism is acting during the cold pressor test and during aldosterone secretion.     

Long Term Effect of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Cerebral Blood Flow

Objectives

To determine whether long‐term behavioral intervention targeting weight loss through increased physical activity and reduced caloric intake would alter cerebral blood flow (CBF ) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Design

Postrandomization assessment of CBF.

Setting

Action for Health in Diabetes multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial.

Participants

Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were overweight or obese and aged 45 to 76 (N = 310).

Interventions

A multidomain intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI ) to induce weight loss and increase physical activity for 8 to 11 years or diabetes support and education (DSE ), a control condition.

Measurements

Participants underwent cognitive assessment and standardized brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI ) (3.0 Tesla) to assess CBF an average of 10.4 years after randomization.

Results

Weight changes from baseline to time of MRI averaged ?6.2% for ILI and ?2.8% for DSE (P < .001), and increases in self‐reported moderate or intense physical activity averaged 444.3 kcal/wk for ILI and 114.8 kcal/wk for DSE (P = .03). Overall mean CBF was 6% greater for ILI than DSE (P = .04), with the largest mean differences between ILI and DSE in the limbic region (3.39 mL /100 g per minute, 95% confidence interval (CI ) = 0.07–6.70 mL /100 g per minute) and occipital lobes (3.52 mL /100 g per minute, 95% CI = 0.20–6.84 mL /100 g per minute). In ILI , greater CBF was associated with greater decreases in weight and greater increases in physical activity. The relationship between CBF and scores on a composite measure of cognitive function varied between intervention groups (P = .02).

Conclusions

Long‐term weight loss intervention in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with greater CBF .

     

Influenza: the reemergence of an ancient disease and its risk of pandemia

Influenza is a seasonally, acute respiratory disease, highly transmissible. The diversity of the natural reservoirs of influenza A virus and its faculty of reassortment increase the risk of a new pandemia. Prevention strategies during the outbreaks include vaccination indicated to risk population as infants between 6 to 2 years old, persons above 65 years old, pregnant women and patients with underlying diseases. Antiviral prophylaxis is useful to control small outbreaks and to be used in household contacts of risk population who have not been vaccinated. Antiviral drugs as a treatment should be considered in persons with severe disease. During a pandemia these prevention measures must be reinforced and rational use of antiviral drugs and vaccine with the pandemic strain should be emphasized.