全文获取类型
收费全文 | 949篇 |
免费 | 118篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 6篇 |
儿科学 | 46篇 |
妇产科学 | 15篇 |
基础医学 | 147篇 |
口腔科学 | 25篇 |
临床医学 | 95篇 |
内科学 | 198篇 |
皮肤病学 | 20篇 |
神经病学 | 24篇 |
特种医学 | 127篇 |
外科学 | 70篇 |
综合类 | 122篇 |
预防医学 | 88篇 |
眼科学 | 21篇 |
药学 | 46篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 31篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 10篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 19篇 |
2014年 | 29篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 41篇 |
2011年 | 29篇 |
2010年 | 41篇 |
2009年 | 39篇 |
2008年 | 42篇 |
2007年 | 36篇 |
2006年 | 20篇 |
2005年 | 22篇 |
2004年 | 19篇 |
2003年 | 22篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 34篇 |
2000年 | 19篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 54篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 35篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 28篇 |
1993年 | 26篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 23篇 |
1988年 | 26篇 |
1987年 | 40篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 15篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 15篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
1969年 | 6篇 |
1967年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1082条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Akira Sawaki Nobumasa Mizuno Kuniyuki Takahashi Tsuneya Nakamura Masahiro Tajika Hiroki Kawai Toshifumi Isaka Hiroshi Imaoka Yasuyuki Okamoto Masatoshi Aoki Hiroyuki Inoue Ahmed AS Salem Yasushi Yatabe Kenji Yamao 《Digestive endoscopy》2006,18(1):40-44
Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. GIST are defined by positive immunohistochemical staining for KIT or CD34 and thus are generally diagnosed after surgery. Because small GIST are rarely diagnosed before surgery, the clinical course of these small tumors is not clear. The aim of the present study was to follow changes in size and configuration of small GIST that were pathologically confirmed using endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (EUS‐FNAB). Methods: Between July 1997 and December 2003, 16 tumors in 16 patients (10 men and 6 women) with an immunohistochemical diagnosis of GIST were regularly followed in our hospital. The median patient age when EUS‐FNAB was performed was 62 years (range 26–82 years) and the median follow‐up period was 4.9 years (range 0.5–9.6 years). Results: Fourteen tumors showed no remarkable changes in size and shape during follow up compared with the initial diagnosis. Two tumors enlarged: one tumor approximately doubled its diameter in 8 years and the other tumor increased from 1.8 cm at diagnosis to up to 10 cm after only 2 years. Doubling time of the latter tumor was calculated as 3.1 months. Conclusions: We conclude that EUS‐FNAB might be a good modality for final diagnosis of GIST without surgery, and that GIST without rapid growth on follow up can be endoscopically followed. 相似文献
2.
Coronary artery bypass grafts: visualization with MR imaging 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
3.
OBJECTIVE: Conventional surgical management of prolapsing haemorrhoids is by excisional haemorrhoidectomy. Postoperative pain has restricted the application of such procedures in the day case setting. These operations remain associated with a period of restricted activity. The use of circular stapling devices as an alternative to the excisional approach in the management of haemorrhoids has been described. This study reports our experience of stapled haemorrhoidopexy as a day case procedure. METHODS: Patients with third or fourth degree haemorrhoids were eligible for the procedure. Patients were considered suitable candidates for day case surgery based on conventional parameters. Symptoms were assessed using a previously validated symptom severity rating score. Stapled haemorrhoidopexy was carried out using a circular stapling device. Pain scores were obtained prior to discharge. Patients were admitted if pain was uncontrolled despite oral analgesia. Symptoms were re-scored at six-week follow-up. RESULTS: Over a 70-month period 168 consecutive stapled haemorrhoidopexies were performed or directly supervised by one consultant colorectal surgeon. One hundred and ten (65%) patients were considered appropriate candidates for day case surgery by conventional criteria. Ninety-six (87.3%) patients successfully underwent stapled haemorrhoidopexy on a day case basis. Fourteen (12.7%) patients required admission on the day of surgery (5 for early postoperative bleeding, 4 for pain necessitating continuing opiate analgesia, two for urinary retention and three for surgery performed late in the day). Six (5%) patients were re-admitted postoperatively; four for pain relief and two because of urinary retention. Of the day case patients, 91 (82.7%) and 56 (50.9%) had been seen for 6 week and 6 month review, respectively, at the time of analysis. Symptom scores were 6 (pre-operatively) vs 0 (postoperatively) (P < 0.01). 76/91 (83.5%) patients reviewed at 6/52 were asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: Stapled haemorrhoidopexy is a safe and effective procedure that can be carried out on selected patients on a day case basis. Complications are of a similar nature to excisional haemorrhoidectomy. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
In vitro cytolysis of primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the posterior fossa (medulloblastoma) by lymphokine-activated killer cells 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
R E George W G Loudon R P Moser J M Bruner P A Steck E A Grimm 《Journal of neurosurgery》1988,69(3):403-409
Short-term stimulation of nonantigen-primed peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes with interleukin-2 generates a population of oncolytic effectors designated "lymphokine-activated killer" (LAK) cells. These LAK cells express potent lytic activity against a wide spectrum of fresh or cultured autochthonous (patient's own) and allogeneic (unrelated) tumors, yet specifically spare normal tissues. In this study, cells derived from primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the posterior fossa (PNET-PF) were examined for their sensitivity to LAK cytolysis utilizing an in vitro 4-hour chromium-51-release assay. Five early-passage cell lines, derived from primary PNET-PF, demonstrated significant sensitivity to LAK cell cytolysis. Lysis was equally effective in culture medium and cerebrospinal fluid. Three freshly excised PNET-PF exhibited similar susceptibility to lysis by autochthonous LAK cells. Greatly increased expansion of LAK cell cultures could be achieved by short-term stimulation with monoclonal anti-CD3 antibodies in addition to interleukin-2 activation. These findings constitute the preliminary in vitro foundations for potential intrathecal adoptive immunotherapy of PNET-PF with LAK cells. 相似文献
7.
Evaluation of a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for rotavirus antigen in faeces 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of clinical pathology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
A new commercial test for the diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis was assessed. With some modifications it compared favourably with electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. 相似文献
8.
Competitive control of the self-renewing T cell repertoire 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We develop a mathematical model for the self-renewing part of the T cell
repertoire. Assuming that self-renewing T cells have to be stimulated by
immunogenic MHC-peptide complexes presented on the surfaces of
antigen-presenting cells, we derive a model of T cell growth in which
competition for MHC-peptide complexes limits T cell clone sizes and
regulates the total number of self-renewing T cells in the animal. We show
that for a sufficient diversity and/or degree of cross-reactivity, the
total T cell number hardly depends upon the diversity of the T cell
repertoire or the diversity of the set of presented peptides. Conversely,
for repertoires of lower diversity and/or cross-reactivity, steady-state
total T cell numbers may be limited by the diversity of the T cells. This
provides a possible explanation for the limited repertoire expansion in
some, but not all, mouse T cell re-constitution experiments. We suggest
that the competitive interactions described by our model underlie the
normal T cells numbers observed in transgenic mice, germ-free mice and
various knockout mice.
相似文献
9.
10.
Loudon JK Wiesner D Goist-Foley HL Asjes C Loudon KL 《Journal of Athletic Training》2002,37(3):256-261
OBJECTIVE: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common clinical entity seen by the sports medicine specialist. The ultimate goal of rehabilitation is to return the patient to the highest functional level in the most efficient manner. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the progress of patients with PFPS using reliable functional performance tests. Our purpose was to evaluate the intrarater reliability of 5 functional performance tests in patients with PFPS. DESIGN AND SETTING: We used a test-retest reliability design in a clinic setting. SUBJECTS: Two groups of subjects were studied: those with PFPS (n = 29) and those with no known knee condition (n = 11). The PFPS group included 19 women and 10 men with a mean age of 27.6 +/- 5.3 years, height of 169.80 +/- 10.5 cm, and weight of 69.59 +/- 15.8 kg. The normal group included 7 women and 4 men with a mean age of 30.3 +/- 5.2 years, height of 169.55 +/- 9.9 cm, and weight 69.42 +/- 14.6 kg. MEASUREMENTS: The reliability of 5 functional performance tests (anteromedial lunge, step-down, single-leg press, bilateral squat, balance and reach) was assessed in 15 subjects with PFPS. Secondly, the relationship of the 5 functional tests to pain was assessed in 29 PFPS subjects using Pearson product moment correlations. The limb symmetry index (LSI) was calculated in the 29 PFPS subjects and compared with the group of 11 normal subjects. RESULTS: The 5 functional tests proved to have fair to high intrarater reliability. Intrarater reliability coefficients (ICC 3,1) ranged from.79 to.94. For the PFPS subjects, a statistical difference existed between limbs for the anteromedial lunge, step-down, single-leg press, and balance and reach. All functional tests correlated significantly with pain except for the bilateral squat; values ranged from.39 to.73. The average LSI for the PFPS group was 85%, while the average LSI for the normal subjects was 97%. CONCLUSIONS: The 5 functional tests proved to have good intrarater reliability and were related to changes in pain. Future research is needed to examine interrater reliability, validity, and sensitivity of these clinical tests. 相似文献