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A reduction of natural killer (NK) cell activity has been found in hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder. To examine whether a reduction of NK activity is found in other psychiatric patients or related to the nonspecific effects of hospitalization, NK cell cytotoxicity was compared in hospitalized depressed patients, schizophrenic inpatients, and two groups of controls separately age matched to each patient group. NK activity was significantly (p less than 0.01) lower in depressed inpatients than control subjects. However, in the hospitalized schizophrenic patients values of natural cytotoxicity did not differ from controls. These findings suggest that reduced NK cytotoxicity in depression is independent of the effects of hospitalization. 相似文献
3.
An institution-wide program for residents impaired by alcohol, other drugs, or emotional problems was established in 1983 at the Medical College of Wisconsin Affiliated Hospitals. The goal of the program was to help impaired house staff members to continue their training in a nonpunitive environment. An approach to reviewing allegations of impairment and a legal agreement between the hospital and the recovering resident were implemented. Because no residents were reported for impairment during its first two years, the program's emphasis was shifted from an investigative to an educational, assistive role. Major problems in carrying out the program have been the program's lack of authority to ensure cooperation by program directors and by impaired residents; a widespread unfamiliarity with intervention procedures despite efforts to inform residents, their spouses, faculty members, and administrators about the program; and misconceptions that the program is punitive. Further impediments are lack of a budget to provide educational activities, inadequate socializing between the faculty and the house staff that would enable faculty members to recognize early signs of impairment; and inadequate health insurance coverage for long-term treatment. 相似文献
4.
It has been known for some time that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have difficulty executing simultaneous motor acts, yet the pathophysiology underlying this impairment remains uncertain. We examined the possibility that these dual-task deficits stem from defective sensorimotor mechanisms producing interference between the motor programs underlying the two tasks. Patients with PD and normal control subjects were tested on their ability to maintain steady-state force with one hand while performing a force-reaction time task with the other hand. Although performance was worse on the dual-task than on the single-task condition for both subject groups, only the patients with PD demonstrated significant interference between the two tasks. The interference across tasks improved in 87% of the patients with PD when tested after treatment with carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet). These findings support the contention that, in patients with PD, disturbances in the execution of simultaneous motor performance may be due to sensorimotor disinhibition. 相似文献
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Eleven "pure" borderlines, ten borderlines with depression, 16 "pure" depressives, and 31 normal subjects were compared on a number of standardized inventories of anxiety. While patient groups experienced more anxiety of all types than did normals, borderlines did not emerge as more anxious than other patient groups. Qualitative differences in the anxiety experienced by borderlines and nonborderlines are discussed. 相似文献
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The effects of co-culture with human fibroblasts on human embryo development in vitro and implantation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Wetzels AM; Bastiaans BA; Hendriks JC; Goverde HJ; Punt-van der Zalm AP; Verbeet JG; Braat DD 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(5):1325-1330
In a human in-vitro fertilization (IVF) programme, the effect of co-
culture of embryos with human fibroblasts was evaluated with respect to
pregnancy rate and embryo development. Patients were included in the study
after giving informed written consent. The IVF treatments were randomly
assigned by stratification of both age (<36 versus > or =36 years)
and previous IVF attempts (yes versus no). After fertilization was
established, the zygotes were transferred to a 4-well dish with or without
fibroblasts and cultured for 2 days. On the third day after ovum pick-up
(OPU), cell number and quality [5 (good) to 1 (poor)] of the embryos were
scored and a maximum of three embryos was transferred. Supernumerary
embryos of good quality were cryopreserved. The design of this study was a
group sequential trial with the objective of detecting differences between
pregnancy rates following IVF with conventional incubation or incubation in
co-culture with fibroblasts. This design included one evaluation at
half-way data collection. In the study, 148 patients had an OPU, of whom 77
were allocated to the co-culture group. There was no statistically
significant difference in pregnancy rate, cell number and embryo quality
between the two groups. The ongoing pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was
27% in co-culture and 30% in the conventional culture group. The
implantation rates per transferred embryo were 17 and 18% respectively.
Using a multivariate logistic regression model for the probability of
ongoing pregnancies, the odds ratio of co-culture, adjusted for age and
previous IVF attempts, was not statistically significant. In conclusion,
co-culture with human fibroblasts does not contribute to an improvement of
embryo quality nor to a higher pregnancy rate after IVF in an unselected
group of patients.
相似文献