2型糖尿病患者炎性细胞因子检测的意义

目的　探讨炎性细胞因子IL 6、IL 8及TNF α在 2型糖尿病发病机制中的意义。方法　用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测 3 2例糖尿病患者及 2 8名正常人血清IL 6、IL 8及TNF α浓度并进行比较。结果　 2型糖尿病患者血清IL 6、IL 8及TNF α水平均明显高于正常人 (p <0 0 1)。结论　患者体内高于水平的IL 6、IL 8及TNF α可能参与糖尿病的发生发展 ,3者相互作用 ,促进 2型糖尿病进展。     

我院聘用护士防范护理纠纷的知识掌握情况调查

随着法律制度的健全、完善和普及，人们的法制观念和维权意识逐步增强，特别是《医疗事故处理条例》的实施及一些负面报道，使医疗纠纷日趋增加。近年来，随着卫生系统人事制度的改革，聘用护士已成为各医院护理工作的主要力量。这部分人年龄小、经验不足、责任心及风险意识差，存在着潜在的护理纠纷隐患，必须对其加强法律法规的教育。为了解聘用护士对防范护理纠纷知识的掌握情况，对我院104名聘用护士进行相关调查，结果如下。     

聚合酶链反应在鼠疫菌检测中的应用 研究

本文采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术，通过扩增鼠疫菌９．５ｋｂ质粒ｐｌａ基础上一个４７８ｂｌ片段，用于鼠疫菌检测，被试的４５株鼠疫菌扩增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析均呈现单一ＤＮＡ带，其分子量大小与预期结果符合。而假结核菌和一株缺６ＭＤ质粒鼠疫菌未见扩增带，洽部实验可在４ｈ内完成。本法具有快速、特异、敏感等优点，可用于不同生态型鼠疫菌的快速诊断和流行病学研究．     

应用聚合酶链式反应快速检测嗜肺军团杆菌

嗜肺军团杆菌(LP)所引起的肺炎病死率高,易暴发流行,早期病原诊断困难。本研究应用聚合酶链式反应技术对嗜肺军团杆菌血清1、3、5型中巨噬细胞感染潜能基因(mip基因)的部分编码区域进行特异性扩增,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳、溴乙锭染色检测扩增产物。结果3型LP均出现650bp特异性阳性条带。检测灵敏度为80ng,本研究结果对嗜肺军团杆菌肺炎的早期诊断、及时治疗、降低病死率及控制暴发流行有重要意义。     

Regional Differences in the Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Risk Factors among Infants Aged 0–23 Months in China: China Nutrition and Health Surveillance

Infantile anaemia has been a severe public health problem in China for decades. However, it is unclear whether there are regional differences in the prevalence of anaemia. In this study, we used data from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (CNHS) to assess the prevalence of anaemia and the risk factors associated with its prevalence in different regions. We included 9596 infants aged 0–23 months from the CNHS 2013 database. An infant was diagnosed with anaemia if he/she had a haemoglobin concentration of <110 g/L. We used multivariate logistic regression to investigate the potential risk factors associated with the development of anaemia. We found that anaemia was present in 2126 (22.15%) of the infants assessed. Approximately 95% of these cases were classified as mild anaemia. Based on the guidelines laid out by the World Health Organization, 5.5% and 43.6% of the surveillance sites were categorized as having severe and moderate epidemic levels of anaemia, respectively. The prevalence of infantile anaemia in Eastern, Central and Western China was 16.67%, 22.25% and 27.44%, respectively. Premature birth, low birth weight, breastfeeding and residence in Western China were significantly associated with higher odds of developing anaemia. Female sex and having mothers with high levels of education and maternal birth age >25 years were associated with lower odds of developing anaemia. In conclusion, we observed significant regional disparities in the prevalence of infantile anaemia in China. Western China had the highest prevalence of infantile anaemia, and rural regions showed a higher prevalence of anaemia than urban regions.     

ELISA法测定血清Ⅳ型胶原

目的 建立一种测定血清Ⅳ型胶原（ＣⅣ）的夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法。方法 分别制备Ⅳ型胶原的多抗和单抗,正辛酸－硫酸铵沉淀法纯化,用改良过碘酸钠法标记单抗。采用多抗包板,单抗标酶,建立测定血清ＣⅣ的双抗夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法。结果 该法灵敏度为２２．０μｇ／Ｌ,线性范围为３１￣１０００μｇ／Ｌ。本法的批内和批间变异系数分别为５．２％和１１．８％,平均回收率为９６％,与进口试剂盒相比相关性良好,临床应用结果可信。结     

医学科研论著归级分等问题的思考

医学科研论文和著作是医学科技工作者研究成果的文字表达形式 ,越来越受到医学科技工作者的重视。国内医学领域科学期刊已有数百种 ,每年发表的论文达万篇以上。面对医学科研论著激增的态势 ,探讨其归级分等的标准与操作问题 ,已愈来愈引起业内人士的重视。1　医学科研论著归级     

天津市某工业区大气污染对儿童健康影响的研究

为探讨天津市区大气污染对儿童健康的影响,于１９９５年１０－１１月对天津市某工业区对对照区进行了充行病学调查。调查对象为７－１２岁儿童,结果表明污泥区大气ＳＯ２、ＮＯｘ,ＴＳＰ、ＣＯ浓度均显著高于对照区;     

1991年我国8省已婚妇女婚姻状况分析

利用１９９１年我国与美国北卡罗莱纳大学人口中心合作项目＂中国经济、人口和营养健康状况调查＂的调查资料,对中国辽宁、江苏、山东、河南、湖北、湖南、广西、贵州共８个省的４２８８名５０岁以下的已婚妇女的婚姻状况进行了统计分析。结果表明：１９９１年８省城、乡妇女在婚比为８７．７１％,离婚和分居比为０．４４％,丧偶比为１０．３０％。妇女已婚比２０岁以下为０．９０％,２０～３０岁为６６．９２％,３０岁以上为９７．７７％。１９９１年８省妇女平均初婚年龄为２３．７０岁,普通生育率达１．９０３％,生育１胎的比例为４６．９２％,生育２胎或２胎以上者占３２．６３％和２０．４４％,男女性别比１．１１：１。从计划生育指标来看,城、乡妇女晚婚率为４６．６６％,总节育率为６３．４１％,绝育率达２４．９７％,避孕率为３１．８９％。城、乡主要使用的节育措施为绝育术和避孕环,各占４９．７１％和４４．４９％,而使用避孕套节育的只占１．００％,药物避孕占３．３６％。总的看来,８省妇女的婚姻较稳定,平均初婚年龄逐年推迟,普通生育率水平较低。计划生育工作成效显著,但某些地区仍存在早婚早育和多胎生育的现象。