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Objectives
Iatrogenic injury of the Profunda Femoris Artery (PFA) at time of hip fixation surgery can increase morbidity and mortality and prolong the hospital stay. This is an injury that tends to pass unnoticed as a cause of postoperative deterioration despite being frequently reported in the literature. Our study aims to describe the anatomy of the PFA in relation to the medial femoral cortex with specific emphasis on its orientation relative to the position of a sliding hip screw side plate construct. By doing so we are able to present clear guidance to orthopaedic surgeons on how to avoid iatrogenic PFA injury at the time of hip fracture fixation.Methods
Using Computed Tomography Angiographic (CTA) studies, the course of the PFA in relation to the medial femoral cortex was traced in 44 patients (28 males and 16 females) with mean age of 65.6 years. Coronal and axial CT sections were cross-linked to specify the position of the PFA at 1?cm intervals.Results
The course of the artery could be divided into three parts relative to a fixed reference point. Proximal and distal parts of the artery were in a safer position in comparison to the middle part of the artery that was found very close to the femoral cortex and along the coronal axis of the femur (mean angle 2.9° from the femoral coronal axis and 13.8?mm from the medial femoral cortex). Using the commercially available side plate constructs, this part of the artery corresponded to the distal part of the plate (third and fourth holes).Conclusion
Special attention needs to be practiced by the operating surgeon while drilling into the third and fourth holes of the side plate. 相似文献3.
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INTRODUCTIONThemicrotubule-associatedprotein蚲ishyperphos-phorylatedandglycosylatedinAlzheimerdisease(AD),andtheseabnormalmodificationsformedthebasisofprogressivelyretrogradeneurofibrillarydegenerationseeninADbrainandtherebythedementia(1,2).ADab-normallyphosphorylated蚲notonlyismicrotubuleas-semblyincompetent,butalsoinhibitsassemblyanddis-assemblesthepreassembledmicrotubulesinvitro(3).Inthetangle-bearingneuronsinADbrain,thenormalcytoskeletonisdisruptedandreplacedwi… 相似文献
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Availability of suitable organs for transplantation remains of major concern and projections indicate that the problem will continue to increase. Therefore, alternatives to the use of human organs for transplantation, continue to be explored including use of stem cells, artificial organs, and organs from other species (xenotransplantation). In xenotransplantation, the species of choice remains the pig due to its physiological similarities to humans, reduced costs, ease of manipulation, and reduced ethical concerns to its use. However, in order to develop pig organs that are suitable for xenotransplantation, complex genetic modification need to be undertaken. These modifications require the introduction of precise genetic changes into the pig that can only be accomplished at this time using somatic cell nuclear transfer. We cover in this review advances in transgenic manipulation and cloning in swine and how the development of these two technologies is critical to the eventual utilization of the pig as a human organ donor. 相似文献
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M. Perwaiz Iqbal M. Khalid Ashfaq Sarfaraz K. Niazi M. Mahboobali Khalid N. Khawaja 《Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition》1994,15(2):173-177
Pharmacokinetic parameters of two antifolates, trimethoprim and aditoprim, were studied in buffalo calves. The elimination half-life of aditoprim (6.14 h) was nearly twice as long as that of trimethoprim (3.08 h) and compares well with values observed in heifers. This longer half-life of aditoprim is a result of its much larger distribution volume (four to five times larger) because the clearance of aditoprim was about twice as high as that of trimethoprim. The longer half-life of aditoprim is expected to give a longer duration of in vivo bacteriostatic activity than that of trimethoprim. 相似文献
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Khalid Irshad Samuel Millar Raj Velu Allan W Reid Edward B Diethrich Donald B Reid 《Journal of endovascular therapy》2007,14(2):198-207
PURPOSE: To report early clinical experience with virtual histology intravascular ultrasound (VH IVUS) in carotid endoluminal repair. TECHNIQUE: A 2.9-F, 20-MHz catheter that utilizes computer software to demonstrate the histological components of arteriosclerotic plaque was evaluated during carotid angioplasty and stenting. VH IVUS images were created following a pullback through the carotid stenosis and produced a color-coded map of the different histological constituents of the disease (dark green: fibrous, yellow/green: fibrofatty, white: calcified, and red: necrotic lipid core plaque). CONCLUSION: VH IVUS produces a color-coded map of the different histological components of artery plaque. It has the potential to predict how the plaque is likely to behave at the moment of endoluminal treatment. 相似文献
10.
A case of mucous metaplasia of mesothelium in an 80 year old woman is described. Its cause is unknown, but it is important not to confuse it with secondary tumour. 相似文献