氩氦冷冻消融在肺癌多学科综合治疗中的研究进展

肺癌是世界上发病率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,外科手术为首选治疗方式。近年来许多新兴微创技术治疗肺癌取得了良好效果。氩氦冷冻消融术因具有损伤小、恢复快、安全性高、并发症少等优点,已取得医患双方认可。冷冻消融适用于不能手术切除的早期肺癌及减少晚期肺癌负荷。肿瘤是一种全身性疾病,因此冷冻消融联合其他治疗方法将是未来肺癌治疗发展方向,从而改善患者临床症状,提高生活质量,延长生存时间,达到最佳治疗效果。该文就冷冻消融治疗及与其他方法综合治疗肺癌研究现状和进展作一综述。     

用压力容积关系测量颅内顺应性的一种方法

为建立用压力-容积关系测量颅内顺应性的方法,选用12条狗安置硬膜外球囊,通过恒速注液和抽液改变球囊内液量,从而改变颅内容积和颅内压,由压力传感器持续记录脑室内压力,分别用二次抛物线、幂指数、对数关系式对颅腔的P-V实验数据进行拟合,从而求得各关系式的系数.通过对系数的分析研究颅内顺应性.结果表明(1)二次抛物线关系式中的系数满足线性关系;(2)指数关系比抛物线关系拟合得更好,压力较高时更是如此;(3)简化的对数关系式在压力较高时可以近似拟合容积压力关系;(4)在一定范围内,颅内顺应性对应变率不敏感.     

几种改进的漂浮颗粒剂灭中华按蚊和致倦库蚊的效果

目的：比较几种改进的漂浮颗粒剂灭中华按蚊和致倦库蚊幼虫的效果。方法：现场试验。结果：室内生物测定,Ｂ．ｔ．ｓ－１８７漂浮颗粒剂（荷叶型）ＬＤ５０为０．４０８７μｇ／ｍｌ,Ｂａｃｔｉｍｏｓ颗粒剂（荷叶型）ＬＤ５０为０．９３４４μｇ／ｍｌ,Ｂ．ｓ－Ｃ３－４１漂浮颗粒剂（荷叶型）ＬＤ５０为０．０５９９μｇ／ｍｌ。稻田灭中华按蚊幼虫的效果显示：两种Ｂ．ｔ．ｓ漂浮颗粒剂（荷叶型）０．８１ｇ／ｍ２剂量时,２４ｈ灭蚊效果均可达１００％。１８７漂浮颗粒剂持效可达１１ｄ,Ｂａｃｔｉｍｏｓ漂浮颗粒剂持效为８ｄ。１８７颗粒剂和Ｂ．ｓ－Ｃ３－４１颗粒剂现场灭致倦库蚊的效果显示：在０．６８ｇ／ｍ２剂量时,２４ｈ蚊幼密度下降率分别为１００％和９９．１％,持效分别为９ｄ和８ｄ。结论：采用荷叶粉为主要载体,在自然界中易于分解,不造成污染,而且灭蚊即效和持效均较好。     

Mir-7上调增强肺腺癌对吉非替尼敏感性的机制研究

目的:探索上调Mir-7的表达使肺腺癌A549细胞增强吉非替尼的敏感性及其机制。方法:用lipo-fectamine2000携带Mir-7对A549细胞进行瞬时转染。将A549细胞分为对照组、转染组、吉非替尼组与联合组。MTT法测各组细胞增殖率变化,Transwell检测细胞侵袭性,Real time PCR检测E-Cadherin及N-Cad-herin的mRNA表达的变化,Western blot检测他们的蛋白表达的变化。结果:上调A549细胞中Mir-7的表达与吉非替尼共同作用较单独吉非替尼作用有更显著的抑制作用。用Mir-7转染后,肺腺癌A549细胞的侵袭力下降。转染与吉非替尼联合组E-Cadherin的信使RNA及蛋白的表达变化不大,但N-Cadherin表达下降。结论:上调Mir-7的表达可以增强肺腺癌细胞对吉非替尼的敏感性,其机制可能是过量表达的Mir-7抑制了IGF-1R信号通路及肿瘤上皮细胞间质化。     

Liquid‐based cytology of pigmented phaeohyphomycotic lesion of the palm masquerading as a metastatic tumor

Phaeohyphomycosis is a chronic subcutaneous fungal infection caused by dematiaceous fungi, commonly involving the extremities, which present as single or multiple lesions mimicking a benign tumor. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an easy method for the diagnosis of the lesion. Morphology of the fungus is characteristic with no difficulty for cytopathologist for identification; with a close differential diagnosis of Candida and Aspergillosis. The special stains like periodic acid schiff (PAS) highlights the fungus and the Masson Fontana confirm the melanin pigment and dematiaceous nature of the fungi. Liquid‐based cytology (LBC) preparation of the aspirated material was attempted, which is not usually performed on day to day basis. However, in our case the conventional smears were better for appreciating the fungal morphology.     

浅谈表证

外邪侵袭机体,太阳首当其冲。太阳表证分为太阳中风证和太阳伤寒证。太阳中风证,常以桂枝汤调和营卫、祛风解肌;太阳伤寒证则以麻黄汤祛风散寒。阳明表证有汗出,则治以桂枝汤;无汗而喘,则治以麻黄汤。少阳表证包括少阳中风证和少阳伤寒证,常以小柴胡汤解肌透邪。太阴亦有表证,桂枝汤为治疗太阴表证的主方。少阴病多以里虚证为主,但亦有表证,常以麻黄细辛附子汤、麻黄附子甘草汤扶阳解表。厥阴为六经之最里,亦有表证,包括厥阴中风和厥阴伤寒,常以当归四逆汤、吴茱萸汤温经散寒。     

肝硬化大鼠胃肠运动及胃动素受体表达的实验研究

目的探讨肝硬化大鼠胃肠运动障碍与胃动素受体表达的关系。方法测定大鼠胃肠运动及十二指肠肌收缩力,测定胃肠道胃动素受体的表达。结果肝硬化大鼠与正常大鼠相比,在体胃肠排空时间明显延长(P0.05),离体十二指肠肌条平均收缩力明显减小(P0.05);肝硬化大鼠与正常大鼠相比胃动素受体染色浅,分布较少(P0.05)。结论肝硬化大鼠胃肠运动障碍与胃动素受体表达具有相关性。     

Genetic variants in human leukocyte antigen/DP-DQ influence both hepatitis B virus clearance and hepatocellular carcinoma development

Recent genome-wide association studies showed that four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DP (rs3077 and rs9277535) and HLA-DQ (rs2856718 and rs7453920) were associated with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Japanese populations. More than 75% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients are attributable to persistent infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV), especially in China. We genotyped these four SNPs in 1,300 HBV-positive HCC patients, 1,344 persistent HBV carriers, and 1,344 persons with HBV natural clearance from Southeast China to further test the associations of HLA-DP/DQ variants and with risk of both HBV clearance and HCC development. Logistic regression analyses showed that HLA-DQ rs2856718 significantly decreased host HCC risk, whereas three SNPs were associated with HBV clearance (HLA-DP rs9277535 as well as HLA-DQ rs7453920 and rs2856718). In addition, HLA-DP rs3077 showed an approaching significant effect on susceptibility to HBV persistent infection and HCC development when considering multiple testing adjustments. Taken together, we report, for the first time, that genetic variants in the HLA-DP and HLA-DQ loci may be marker SNPs for risk of both HBV clearance and HCC development.