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1.
The high frequency of fall accidents is a serious problem in Japan. Thus, more
stringent countermeasures for preventing falls from scaffolds were developed and
incorporated into institutional guidelines. These countermeasures aim to decrease deaths
caused by falls from scaffolds. Despite the improvements in such measures, however, the
rate of accidental fall deaths remains high in Japan’s construction industries. To improve
the rigor of the countermeasures, a committee was established in our institute by the
Japan Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. This committee investigated the regulations
applied in other countries and evaluated construction industry compliance with existing
fall prevention guidelines. After considerable research and discussion, the Occupational
Safety and Health Regulations and Guidelines were amended in 2009. The effects of the
amended regulations have recently been investigated on the basis of accident reports. This
paper describes the investigation and its results. The paper also discusses other research
and workplace safety countermeasures for preventing falls and ensuring fall protection
from heights. 相似文献
2.
RYOICHI AWATA HIROSHI SAWAI KATSUYUKI IMAI KUNIHIKO TERADA HARUKI SENOO TOSHIHIRO SUGIYAMA 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》1998,13(Z1):S55-S61
Four types of materials, type I collagen coat (Coat), acid-soluble type I collagen gel (Hardgel), pepsin-treated acid-soluble type I collagen gel (Softgel), and an extract of extracellular matrix of the murine Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm sarcoma (Matrigel), were used as matrices to culture rat hepatic parenchymal cells, and their morphological changes and adhesion were compared to the matrices by electron microscopic observations. Hepatic parenchymal cells cultured on Coat and Hardgel were extended and flattened, whereas cells cultured on Softgel and Matrigel assembled and formed aggregates. Such aggregates consisted of several hepatic parenchymal cells, with a recognizable bile duct-like alveolus on the inside. Morphologically, the aggregates were more spherical on Matrigel and oval shaped on Softgel. Microvilli of the cell surface were parallel to the matrix on Matrigel, but invaded into the gel on Softgel. Subsequently, investigation into how these morphological features affected the liver-specific functions, including secretion of albumin and induction of P450 by 3-methylcholanthrene, demonstrated that a high level of liver function was maintained in a long-term culture in hepatic parenchymal cells on Softgel. These results suggest that hepatic parenchymal cell interactions were stronger with Softgel than with Matrigel, and that Softgel appears to closely mimic the in vivo environment. 相似文献
3.
NAOKO MOMOTANI KUNIHIKO ITO NOBORU HAMADA YOSHIO BAN YOSHIHIKO NISHIKAWA TAKASHI MIMURA 《Clinical endocrinology》1984,20(6):695-700
Six hundred and forty-three neonates from mothers with Graves' disease were examined for major malformations of external organs to compare the influence of maternal hyperthyroidism vs. ingestion of methimazole (MMI) during the first trimester on the incidence of congenital malformations. The subjects were divided into four groups according to maternal therapy and thyroid status during the first trimester as follows: (1) infants whose mothers did not receive MMI and were hyperthyroid (Group 1), (2) infants whose mothers did not receive MMI and were euthyroid (Group 2), (3) infants whose mothers received MMI and were hyperthyroid (Group 3) and (4) infants whose mothers received MMI and were euthyroid (Group 4). The prevalence of malformed infants in these four groups was 6.0% (three of 50), 0.3% (one of 350), 1.7% (two of 117) and 0.0% (none of 126), respectively. The incidence in Group 1 was significantly higher than that in Group 2 (P less than 0.01). There was no discernible dose dependency of MMI on the occurrence of malformations. These findings suggest that maternal uncontrolled hyperthyroidism may cause congenital malformations and that the beneficial role of MMI treatment outweighs its teratogenic effect, if any. 相似文献
4.
ICHIRO KAMIOKA KANDAI NOZU TERUO FUJITA HIROSHI KAITO RYOJIRO TANAKA KUNIHIKO YOSHIYA KAZUMOTO IIJIMA KOICHI NAKANISHI NORISHIGE YOSHIKAWA MASAFUMI MATSUO 《Pediatrics international》2007,49(2):196-201
BACKGROUND: The three major signs of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) are hemolytic anemia, thrombopenia and acute renal failure. HUS is classified into Shiga toxin-mediated HUS (Stx-HUS) and non-Shiga toxin-mediated HUS (nStx-HUS). The prognosis of nStx-HUS is reported to be less favorable than that of Stx-HUS. Although the association between the prognosis and pathological characteristics of HUS have been reported such that the prognosis was considered to be poor for thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) with predominant arterial involvement (arterial TMA), good for TMA with predominant glomerular involvement (glomerular TMA) and dependent on the extent of necrosis in cases of renal cortical necrosis, it is not yet clear whether pathological findings are also related to the renal prognosis of nStx-HUS cases. Therefore the purpose of the present paper was to analyze renal biopsy findings and prognosis for five children with nStx-HUS. METHODS: Clinical records of five cases of nStx-HUS among 74 cases of diagnosed HUS were reviewed, and information and data were summarized. RESULTS: Histological examination of the kidney led to the diagnosis of arterial TMA in three cases, and glomerular TMA and severe renal cortical necrosis in one case each. Analysis of the relationship between renal histological findings and the prognosis found that three patients with arterial TMA and one patient with severe renal cortical necrosis later developed end-stage renal failure while one patient with glomerular TMA has continued to show normal renal function. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that pathological findings are closely related to the prognosis in cases of nStx-HUS. 相似文献
5.
HIDEO TAMAI M.D. KEIJI IGAKI M.D. TAKAFUMI TSUJI M.D. EISHO KYO M.D. KUNIHIKO KOSUGA M.D. AKIYOSHI KAWASHIMA M.D. SHIGEO MATSUI M.D. HIDENORI KOMORI M.D. SEIICHIRO MOTOHARA M.D. HIROMU UEHATA M.D. EIJI TAKEUCHI M.D. † 《Journal of interventional cardiology》1999,12(6):443-450
Although biocompatibility of biodegradable stents is controversial, stents made of high molecular weight poly- l -lactic acid (PLLA) are thought to be the most promising. We investigated the biocompatibility of PLLA stents histologically and angiographically in porcine coronary arteries. The Igaki-Tamai stent is made of PLLA monofilaments (molecular mass 183 kD) with a zigzag helical coil design. Fourteen PLLA stents in 6 pigs and 9 Palmaz-Schatz half stents in 9 pigs were implanted in 15 normocholesterolemic pigs. Stents were mounted on a delivery catheter, and were implanted percutaneously into coronary arteries. Coronary angiography was performed before and immediately after stenting, at 2 and 6 weeks in five PLLA pigs and nine Palmaz-Schatz pigs. Histological studies were performed in PLLA pigs: 2 pigs at 2 weeks, 3 pigs at 6 weeks, and 1 pig at 16 weeks with hematoxylin-eosin and elastica van Giesons stains. All PLLA stents were successfully delivered. No stent thrombosis was detected in either group. There were no significant differences in minimal lumen diameter (MLD) or percent diameter stenosis between the PLLA and Palmaz-Schatz stent groups immediately after implantation, or at 2 or 6 weeks after implantation. Histological studies at 2, 6, and 16 weeks revealed no inflammation and minimal neointimal coverage on the PLLA stent struts. The PLLA stent maintained its structure for up to 16 weeks. These results suggest sufficient biocompatibility and strength of PLLA biodegradable stents in porcine coronary arteries. Clinical trial is now underway to validate the safety and usefulness of PLLA stents in humans. 相似文献
6.
TAKAFUMI TSUJI M.D. HIDEO TAMAI M.D. KEIJI IGAKI M.D. † EISHO KYO M.D. KUNIHIKO KOSUGA M.D. TATSUHIKO HATA M.D. MASAHARU OKADA M.D. TAKUJI NAKAMURA M.D. HIDENORI KOMORI M.D. SEIICHIRO MOTOHARA M.D. HIROMU UEHATA M.D. 《Journal of interventional cardiology》2000,13(6):439-445
The metallic stent has become the most common device to reduce acute occlusion and late restenosis after balloon angioplasty, but the long-term effects of metallic stents in human coronary arteries are still unknown. To overcome several problems of conventional stenting, there have been many attempts to manufacture stents made of biodegradable materials. Although some studies have noted various degrees of inflammatory responses after biodegradable stent implantation, stents made of poly-1-lactic acid (PLLA) showed high biocompatibility with minimal inflammatory response and neointimal formation in porcine coronary arteries. A clinical study of PLLA self-expanding stent implantation is underway in Japan. The initial and 6-month results are favorable and suggest the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the PLLA biodegradable stent in humans. However, long-term follow-up with larger numbers of patients will be required to validate the long-term efficacy of PLLA stents. 相似文献
7.
KUNIHIKO TSUCHIYA M.D. MINORU HORIE M.D. Ph .D. TETSUYA HARUNA M.D. TOMOHIKO AI M.D. TOSHIHISA NISHIMOTO M.D. HISAYOSHI FUJIWARA M.D. PH.D. SHIGETAKE SASAYAMA M.D. Ph .D. 《Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology》1998,9(4):415-422
KATP Channel and Na/K ATPase. Introduction: Functional interaction between KATP channel and Na/K ATPase was studied in single guinea pig ventricular myocytes because both membrane molecules are known to he involved in ischemic episodes. Methods and Results: KATP channel currents were recorded at 36°C by using whole cell, cell attached, inside-out, and open cell-attached modes of patch clamp techniques on enzymatically isolated ventricular myocytes. In the whole cell mode, ouabain (1 μM) reversibly inhibited the KATP currents induced by metabolic stress (ATP-free pipette solution and 1 mM NaCN), but not those activated by cromakalim (100 μM), a KATP channel opener. In the cell-attached mode, ouabain concentration dependently inhibited KATP, channel opening induced by metabolic suppression (5.5 μM 2-deoxyglucose and 1 mM CN). Half-inhibition concentration for ouabain was 21.0 ± 5.5 nM and the Hill coefficient was 0.8 ± 0.1 (n = 26). However, ouabain did not have an effect on the channel activity induced by cromakalim (100 μM). In the inside-out mode, ouabain applied to the internal side of membrane did not affect the channel. In the open cell-attached mode made by preincubation with streptolysin-0 (0.08 U/mL), the KATP channels were not activated by the metabolic inhibitors but were by reducing extracellular ATP concentrations, because subsarcolenimal ATP concentration could he controlled through tiny membrane holes. The channels thus activated were not suppressed by ouabain. Conclusion: The inhibition of Na/K ATPase by ouahain appeared to block the KATP channels by accumulating subsarcolemmal ATP caused by a decrease of the transition from ATP to ADP. In the presence of ischemic episodes, the administration of digitalis compounds may affect the opening of KATP channels, which is primarily protective against the development of irreversible myocardial damage. 相似文献
8.
TAKEJI UMEMURA NOBUYOSHI YAMAMURA ATSUO NAGATA ATSUSHI SHIBATA KUNIHIKO YAMASHITA TAKEO OHATA TAKEO YAMADA TSUTOMU KATSUYAMA KENDO KIYOSAWA 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》1998,13(5):471-474
A 66-year-old female with liver cirrhosis was treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for a small hepatocellular carcinoma. She developed steatonecrosis with tenderness which occurred in the upper abdomen after TAE. The hepatic falciform artery from the middle hepatic artery was detected by arteriography. Necrosis in the upper abdomen was considered to be due to ischaemic changes caused by micromaterials for embolization of this artery, injuries of hepatic arterial endothelia slowly caused by carcinostatics, and chemotoxicity. It was considered that such complication as observed in this patient should be taken into consideration when performing TAE. 相似文献
9.
The effect of diatrizoate meglumine (Hypaque) upon the perilymphatic oxygenation has been investigated using the polarographic method in cats submitted to various conditions such as normoxia, apnea, hypercapnea and chronically reduced vascularization. The minimal changes of the perilymphatic PO2 recorded after the injection of Hypaque permit to conclude that this drug has no practical effect upon the oxygenation of the perilymph. 相似文献
10.