HEIGHT, OCCUPATION AND BACK PAIN IN A NATIONAL PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Back pain is an important public health problem but there isa paucity of knowledge about risk factors and causal mechanisms.Previous studies have shown that tall men are more at risk ofback pain, although observations in women have been less consistent.This paper presents findings from a national longitudinal studyof 3262 men and women aged 43 yr. Standing height and sittingheight were related to 18-month reported prevalence of ‘sciatica,lumbago or severe backache’ in both men and women. Thepaper investigates explanations for these findings using previouslycollected data on childhood growth and detailed lifetime occupationalhistories. Neither greater susceptibility of tall men to heavylifting, nor the timing of growth, were able to account forthese relationships. To assess further the association betweenheight and back pain, information is needed on the relationshipbetween stature and characteristics of spinal structure. KEY WORDS: Longitudinal, British, Growth, Adults, Lifting, Spine     

固体物质偏光检验用袖珍放大镜

在化工檢驗、藥物檢驗、法医化学檢驗、組織胚胎学檢查,以及矿物識别等科学技术領域,偏光显微鏡是一种有用的工具,但其构造較复杂而价格亦较高,目前还不能为一般檢驗单位普遍使用,尤其对于在工厂內的和实驗室外的临場应用(包括地質勘查),笨重的偏光显微鏡不适合携带,虽然Leiss曾經制造过輕金屬制野外用偏光显微鏡。在上述技术領域我們常遇到这样的必要:使用小型而便于携带的仪器要求明确檢驗对     

Children of Divorced and Separated Parents: Summary and Review of Findings from a Long-Term Follow-Up Study in the UK

Wadsworth M, Maclean M, Kuh D and Rodgers B. Children of divorcedand separated parents: summary and review of findings from along-term follow-up study in the UK. Family Practice 1990, 7:104–109. As divorce and separation rates continue to riseit is likely that problems among the children of such parentswill also continue to increase. The nature of short term problemsfor the children of separating parents are well known. Thereis now evidence of a risk of longer term difficulties whichmay be the result of a chain of circumstances which begins closein time to the separation and divorce. Long term as well asshort term risks should therefore be considered in planningcare strategies for the children of divorcing parents.