全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6149篇 |
免费 | 293篇 |
国内免费 | 53篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 36篇 |
儿科学 | 130篇 |
妇产科学 | 73篇 |
基础医学 | 595篇 |
口腔科学 | 94篇 |
临床医学 | 455篇 |
内科学 | 1816篇 |
皮肤病学 | 98篇 |
神经病学 | 368篇 |
特种医学 | 281篇 |
外科学 | 1177篇 |
综合类 | 24篇 |
预防医学 | 132篇 |
眼科学 | 58篇 |
药学 | 364篇 |
中国医学 | 19篇 |
肿瘤学 | 775篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 29篇 |
2022年 | 88篇 |
2021年 | 140篇 |
2020年 | 80篇 |
2019年 | 101篇 |
2018年 | 150篇 |
2017年 | 118篇 |
2016年 | 120篇 |
2015年 | 159篇 |
2014年 | 197篇 |
2013年 | 230篇 |
2012年 | 424篇 |
2011年 | 399篇 |
2010年 | 267篇 |
2009年 | 177篇 |
2008年 | 336篇 |
2007年 | 409篇 |
2006年 | 356篇 |
2005年 | 397篇 |
2004年 | 421篇 |
2003年 | 431篇 |
2002年 | 384篇 |
2001年 | 95篇 |
2000年 | 86篇 |
1999年 | 78篇 |
1998年 | 91篇 |
1997年 | 90篇 |
1996年 | 64篇 |
1995年 | 52篇 |
1994年 | 57篇 |
1993年 | 49篇 |
1992年 | 45篇 |
1991年 | 43篇 |
1990年 | 38篇 |
1989年 | 31篇 |
1988年 | 25篇 |
1987年 | 30篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 14篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 9篇 |
1972年 | 13篇 |
1970年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有6495条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Kensaku Maeda Kenichi Yasunari Eisuke F Sato Junichi Yoshikawa Masayasu Inoue 《Hypertension research》2003,26(12):999-1006
The involvement of oxidative stress in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in the pathogenesis of hypertension remains to be elucidated. We analyzed the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the circulating and peritoneally infiltrating PMN from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that ROS generation by PMN from SHR was higher than that from WKY before (at 6 weeks of age) and after (at 16 weeks of age) the onset of hypertension. In vivo, ROS generation by PMN from SHR, but not that by PMN from WKY, was significantly suppressed by 10-week treatment with 50 mg/kg/day carvedilol, and this treatment did not affect blood pressure. Western blotting analysis revealed that protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha), but not PKCbetaI or betaII, was activated more strongly in PMN from SHR than in PMN from WKY. Furthermore, expression of p47phox of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, but not of p67phox, in PMN from SHR was higher than that in PMN from WKY. These results suggest that ROS generation by PMN is principally enhanced in SHR through activation of PKCalpha and p47phox. 相似文献
4.
Ryotaro Wake Masaaki Takeuchi Junichi Yoshikawa Minoru Yoshiyama 《Circulation journal》2007,71(7):1060-1066
BACKGROUND: Gender differences in the predictors of outcome among patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing contrast-enhanced dobutamine stress echocardiography (CE-DSE) have not been completely determined. METHODS AND RESULTS: Follow-up (30+/-17 months) data for 581 men and 309 women with known or suspected CAD who underwent CE-DSE (mean age: 66 years) were obtained. Hard cardiac events included cardiac death and nonfatal myocardial infarction. Total cardiac events included hard cardiac events, unstable angina, congestive heart failure, and late revascularization (>3 months). Cardiac events occurred in 123 male and 50 female patients. Positive results for CE-DSE were associated with worse prognosis in both men and women (2-year total event free rate: 73.5% vs 88.2% in men, p<0.0001, 80.3% vs 91.3% in women, p<0.01). Addition of CE-DSE results, including abnormal left ventricular end-systolic volume response and left ventricular ejection fraction at peak stress <50%, to the clinical and rest echocardiography model provided incremental information for predicting total cardiac events (increase in chi-square value for the model from 60 to 72, p<0.001) in men and (increase in chi-square value for the model from 17 to 32, p<0.001) in women. CONCLUSIONS: CE-DSE provides incremental information for predicting future cardiac events in both men and women. 相似文献
5.
Hiroko Utsunomiya Wanninayake M. Tilakaratne Kazufumi Oshiro Satoshi Maruyama Makoto Suzuki Hiroko Ida-Yonemochi Jun Cheng Takashi Saku 《Journal of oral pathology & medicine》2005,34(8):498-507
BACKGROUND: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chewing habit-related pre-cancerous condition of the oral mucosa affecting predominantly south Asians. It is histopathologically characterized by epithelial atrophy and fibrosis of the subepithelial connective tissue. Fibrosis extends all the way into the muscle layer, leading to difficulty in mouth opening. However, the dynamics of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling with OSF progression is largely unknown. METHODS: Forty biopsy specimens of OSF and 10 of normal buccal mucosa were examined for expression/deposition modes of eight ECM molecules by histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: In the early stage of OSF, tenascin, perlecan, fibronectin, collagen type III were characteristically enhanced in the lamina propria and the submucosal layer. In the intermediate stage, the ECM molecules mentioned above and elastin were extensively and irregularly deposited around muscle fibers. In the advanced stage, such ECM depositions decreased and were entirely replaced with collagen type I only. Their gene expression levels varied with progression of fibrosis, but the mRNA signals were confirmed in fibroblasts in the submucosal fibrotic areas. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the ECM remodeling steps in OSF are similar to each phase of usual granulation tissue formation. Restricted mouth opening may be a result of loss of variety of ECM molecules including elastin into the homogeneity of collagen type I replacing muscle fibers. 相似文献
6.
Hirotaka Inaba Kazuhiko Higuchi Kenji Koseni Haruo Yamauchi Junichi Naganuma 《The Japanese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2005,53(11):587-592
OBJECTIVE: The aortic connector system was used to minimize cerebrovascular complications when performing the proximal anastomosis of vein grafts during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The goal of this study was to investigate the intermediate outcomes of patients undergoing CABG with the aortic connector system. METHODS: The aortic connector was used on nine patients undergoing CABG between November 2002 and July 2003. Intermediate outcomes of the patients were examined, and the results of coronary angiography, which were performed before patient discharge and at least 6 months after discharge, were evaluated. RESULTS: There were no operative deaths or cerebrovascular accidents. One patient died 9 months after discharge, one patient had angina, and the remaining seven patients were asymptomatic. When evaluating the results of angiography performed before patient discharge, two of the 21 distal vein graft anastomoses were occluded (patency rate, 90.5%), but there was no stenosis or occlusion at the proximal anastomoses sites that were performed using the aortic connector. When evaluating the results of the second angiography performed after patient discharge, four of the eight proximal anastomoses were patent, one was completely occluded, two had 90% stenosis and one had 75% stenosis. Further, four of the 18 distal anastomoses were occluded (patency rate, 77.8%). There was no significant difference in graft flow or device size when comparing patients with patent vein grafts and those with stenotic or occluded vein grafts. CONCLUSION: Intermediate outcomes of vein grafting using the aortic connector were suboptimal. Long-term outcome data are forthcoming. 相似文献
7.
Tsuyoshi Satoh Tadashi Watanabe Masanori Tadokoro Junichi Sakamoto Hiroki Murayama Katsuki Itoh Sadayuki Sakuma Hiroshi Takagi 《Cancer science》1992,83(4):379-386
Anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody (MAb) CEA102 was produced by immunization with purified CEA and the specific accumulation of radiolabeled CEA102 in colorectal cancers was investigated by autoradiography of surgical specimens using Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR). Five patients with colorectal cancer were injected intravenously with 131 I-labeled intact CEA102 or its F(ab')2 . Primary tumor and liver metastases were successfully detected by external scanning with a gamma camera in 4 cases. Autoradiographic study of the surgical specimens using FCR showed predominant localization of 131 I-labeled CEA102 in primary tumors and liver metastases in all cases. Even a small liver metastasis (0.5 cm) was clearly visualized in the autoradiogram by FCR. The pixel distribution curves of the density of the respective tissues in the autoradiograms by FCR showed the heterogeneity of the distribution of administered radiolabeled MAb in individual tumors, but the density of the tumors was higher than that of the normal tissues. In the quantitative distribution analysis of CEA102, the uptake of the primary tumor (mean 1.10%ID/kg) was ten-fold greater than that of the normal colon mucosa (mean G.10%ID/kg). These results revealed that the application of MAb has great potential in radioimmunodetection as well as in antibody-directed therapy. 相似文献
8.
Y Nakada M Simajiri M Shimabukuro K Oshiro F Nagamine K Murakami G Mimura Y Koyama A Osawa 《Nihon Ronen Igakkai zasshi. Japanese journal of geriatrics》1991,28(6):811-816
An elderly case of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRPF) with bilateral ureteral obstruction was reported. A 74-year-old man was admitted with complaints of general fatigue and loss of appetite. An elastic hard mass with a smooth surface was palpated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Abnormal ESR and CRP were noticed. Abdominal ultrasonography showed both a homoechoic mass which surrounded the aorta in the retroperitoneal space and bilateral hydronephrosis. Computed tomography revealed a retroperitoneal mass involving bilateral ureters. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a mass with a sharp image and signal intensity. Furthermore the morphological relationship between the mass and the ureters and major vessels clearly indicated the characteristics of benign retroperitoneal fibrosis. Based upon the above findings, a diagnosis of IRPF was made. After confirming the histological diagnosis by biopsy, treatment consisting of bilateral ureterolysis, intra-abdominal transposition of ureters and oral administration of prednisolone was performed, resulting in a normalization of laboratory findings. Analysis of 86 previously cases of IRPF reported up to 1990 in Japan, revealed the peak age to be in the 7th decade with predominance in males (males: females = 57:29). 相似文献
9.
Hemobilia: Review of Recent Experience with a Worldwide Problem 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Junichi Yoshida M.D. Philip E. Donahue M.D. Lloyd M. Nyhus M.D. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1987,82(5):448-453
Between 1981 and 1985, the reported incidence of hemobilia increased for two major reasons. First, a more sophisticated and better-trained medical community could entertain the diagnosis readily in certain settings and had broader access to diagnostic methods that precisely defined the source of bleeding into the biliary tract. Second, there was wider use of percutaneous techniques of diagnosis and treatment of biliary diseases. Once the diagnosis of hemobilia was made by endoscopic or arteriographic means, physicians and surgeons were quicker to institute proper therapeutic measures. For this reason, the mortality associated with hemobilia decreased compared with that reported earlier. The medical community must be aware that modern treatments are now the most common cause of this problem. Since invasive diagnostic methods are increasingly used by nonsurgeons, it is imperative that these patients are studied in the context of complete consultation with surgeons who can use definitive treatments when required. 相似文献
10.
B Forghani L S Oshiro C S Chan J W Hurst J Dennis G Darai A L Warford R M Cohen 《Molecular and cellular probes》1992,6(1):67-77
Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) is an unclassified poxvirus which has recently become recognized as causing a major sexually transmitted disease. At present no assay is available for specific detection of MCV because the virus cannot be serially propagated in cell culture. Since MCV produces an abortive, limited growth with some cytopathic effect in certain cell lines, we were able to develop an in situ hybridization assay for detection of MCV genome in clinical specimens. Human fetal diploid lung cell monolayers were infected with clinical specimens, and after proper incubation and fixation in paraformaldehyde, hybridization was performed under full stringency conditions with a molecularly cloned biotinylated probe. Only MCV infected cells showed homology to the MCV probe with a purple-brown cytoplasmic staining. Additionally, we have described an in situ hybridization assay for direct detection of MCV genome in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsies. Characteristic intracytoplasmic Molluscum bodies (Henderson-Paterson bodies) were detected in stratum spinosum cells of the epidermis. Striking staining similarities have been observed between in situ hybridization and haematoxylin-eosin cytostaining. These procedures are the first successful identification of MCV genome in clinical samples by molecular hybridization, with sensitivity and specificity equal to or greater than electron microscopy. 相似文献