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Clint R. Bellenger John B. Arnold Jonathan D. Buckley Dominic Thewlis Joel T. Fuller 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(3):294-299
Objectives
To investigate whether functional overreaching affects locomotor system behaviour when running at fixed relative intensities and if any effects were associated with changes in running performance.Design
Prospective intervention study.Methods
Ten trained male runners completed three training blocks in a fixed order. Training consisted of one week of light training (baseline), two weeks of heavy training designed to induce functional overreaching, and ten days of light taper training designed to allow athletes to recover from, and adapt to, the heavy training. Locomotor behaviour, 5-km time trial performance, and subjective reports of training status (Daily Analysis of Life Demands for Athletes (DALDA) questionnaire) were assessed at the completion of each training block. Locomotor behaviour was assessed using detrended fluctuation analysis of stride intervals during running at speeds corresponding to 65% and 85% of maximum heart rate (HRmax) at baseline.Results
Time trial performance (effect size ±95% confidence interval (ES): 0.16 ± 0.06; p < 0.001), locomotor behaviour at 65% HRmax (ES: ?1.12 ± 0.95; p = 0.026), and DALDA (ES: 2.55 ± 0.80; p < 0.001) were all detrimentally affected by the heavy training. Time trial performance improved relative to baseline after the taper (ES: ?0.16 ± 0.10; p = 0.003) but locomotor behaviour at 65% HRmax (ES: ?1.18 ± 1.17; p = 0.048) and DALDA (ES: 0.92 ± 0.90; p = 0.045) remained impaired.Conclusions
Locomotor behaviour during running at 65% HRmax was impaired by functional overreaching and remained impaired after a 10-day taper, despite improved running performance. Locomotor changes may increase injury risk and should be considered within athlete monitoring programs independently of performance changes. 相似文献4.
Joseph Wheatley Zhengyang Liu Joel Loth Mark P. Plummer Jahan C. Penny-Dimri Reny Segal Julian Smith Luke A. Perry 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》2023,67(2):131-141
Background
Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are at significant risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a widely available inflammatory biomarker which may be of prognostic value in this setting.Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting associations between perioperative NLR with postoperative AKI. We searched Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library, without language restriction, from inception to May 2022 for relevant studies. We meta-analysed the reported odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for both elevated preoperative and postoperative NLR with risk of postoperative AKI and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT). We conducted a meta-regression to explore inter-study statistical heterogeneity.Results
Twelve studies involving 10,724 participants undergoing cardiac surgery were included, with eight studies being deemed at high risk of bias using PROBAST modelling. We found statistically significant associations between elevated preoperative NLR and postoperative AKI (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.18–1.77), as well as postoperative need for RRT (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.50–3.72). Postoperative NLR measurements were not of prognostic significance.Conclusions
Elevated preoperative NLR is a reliable inflammatory biomarker for predicting AKI following cardiac surgery. 相似文献5.
Toidi Adekambi Chris C. Ibegbu Stephanie Cagle Ameeta S. Kalokhe Yun F. Wang Yijuan Hu Cheryl L. Day Susan M. Ray Jyothi Rengarajan 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2015,125(5):1827-1838
BACKGROUND. The identification and treatment of individuals with tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health priority. Accurate diagnosis of pulmonary active TB (ATB) disease remains challenging and relies on extensive medical evaluation and detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in the patient’s sputum. Further, the response to treatment is monitored by sputum culture conversion, which takes several weeks for results. Here, we sought to identify blood-based host biomarkers associated with ATB and hypothesized that immune activation markers on Mtb-specific CD4+ T cells would be associated with Mtb load in vivo and could thus provide a gauge of Mtb infection.METHODS. Using polychromatic flow cytometry, we evaluated the expression of immune activation markers on Mtb-specific CD4+ T cells from individuals with asymptomatic latent Mtb infection (LTBI) and ATB as well as from ATB patients undergoing anti-TB treatment.RESULTS. Frequencies of Mtb-specific IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells that expressed immune activation markers CD38 and HLA-DR as well as intracellular proliferation marker Ki-67 were substantially higher in subjects with ATB compared with those with LTBI. These markers accurately classified ATB and LTBI status, with cutoff values of 18%, 60%, and 5% for CD38+IFN-γ+, HLA-DR+IFN-γ+, and Ki-67+IFN-γ+, respectively, with 100% specificity and greater than 96% sensitivity. These markers also distinguished individuals with untreated ATB from those who had successfully completed anti-TB treatment and correlated with decreasing mycobacterial loads during treatment.CONCLUSION. We have identified host blood-based biomarkers on Mtb-specific CD4+ T cells that discriminate between ATB and LTBI and provide a set of tools for monitoring treatment response and cure.TRIAL REGISTRATION. Registration is not required for observational studies.FUNDING. This study was funded by Emory University, the NIH, and the Yerkes National Primate Center. 相似文献
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We live in a technology-saturated world, evidenced by widespread, global use of the Internet and other forms of technology. Technology offers nearly limitless connectivity, information-sharing, and communication. Unfortunately, with these opportunities come risks, especially for children, and pediatric healthcare providers have a responsibility to be aware and informed of these risks and how to respond. This article provides a breakdown of the broad phenomenon of electronic aggression and offers practice implications for healthcare providers. 相似文献
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James I. Geller MD Joseph G. Pressey MD Malcolm A. Smith MD Rachel A. Kudgus PhD Mariana Cajaiba MD Joel M. Reid PhD David Hall PhD Donald A. Barkauskas PhD Stephen D. Voss MD Steve Y. Cho MD Stacey L. Berg MD Jeffrey S. Dome MD PhD Elizabeth Fox MD Brenda J. Weigel MD 《Cancer》2020,126(24):5303-5310