PPH加黏膜柱状缝合、直肠周围高位注射治疗完全性直肠脱垂(附15例报告)

目的：探讨PPH加黏膜柱状缝合、直肠周围高位注射治疗完全性直肠脱垂的手术效果。方法：对15例完全性直肠脱垂（Ⅰ～Ⅱ度）患者，采用PPH加黏膜柱状缝合、直肠周围高位注射治疗。结果：治愈15例，无复发。结论：该术式操作简单，近期疗效好，远期效果有待进一步观察。     

An Environmental Dilemma for China During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Explosion of Disposable Plastic Wastes

Plastic pollution control has been on top of the political agenda in China. In January 2020, China announced a phased ban on the production and usage of various types of single-use plastics as a solution to environmental pollution problems. However, the outbreak of COVID-19 seems to be a new obstacle to the ban on single-use plastic products. To basically satisfied the daily necessities and contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 under the background of the regular epidemic prevention and control in China, online ordering, contactless delivery and wearing mask have become an important and feasible way of daily life. However, the unrestrained use of disposable plastic bags, lunch boxes and masks within the nationwide quarantine leads to hundreds of millions of plastics wastes every day. The potential environmental pollution caused by the use of disposable plastic products during the pandemic should arouse social concern. The Chinese government should manage environmental protection in parallel with anti-pandemic endeavors as the situation of the pandemic evolves.

     

舌及口底鳞癌治疗分析

目的 探讨舌及口底鳞癌淋巴转移的手术时机与方式对预后的影响。方法 舌及口底鳞癌67例,非手术组12例(为cN_(2～3)患者),手术组55例。cN_028例行原发灶切除,其中23例行选择性颈淋巴清扫。27例cN_(1～3)(cN15例、cN_(2～3)22例)行原发灶切除加根治性颈淋巴清扫,其中16例cN_(2～3)行岛状肌皮瓣修复术:结果 在34例患者中(cN_(2～3)),手术组5年生存率为54.55％(12/22),非手术组5年生存率为41.67％(5/12)。28例cN_0患者中,4例单纯癌肿切除者术后45～60天出现淋巴转移;23例行选择性颈淋巴结清扫术者,证实13例有隐匿性淋巴结转移,10例未见淋巴结转移。结论 对cN_0患者应尽早行选择性颈淋巴结清扫术。对多区域淋巴结或一个区域多个淋巴结转移的cN_(2～3)患者,手术比非手术组的生存率更高,但后者对提高5年生存质量有一定作用。     

初探美国发明专利中的中药复方

本文对美国1995～2000年间公开的与中国药典所载中药材基原相关的发明专利文献进行系统检索和初步整理,总结分析国外在复方组方上的特点及思路,归纳为传统方剂型、营养组合型、土产加合型及现代药理型4种。作者提出:要真正阐释中医方剂组合原理的科学实质,关键不在“方、药”而在“理、法”;企望从外国植物药组方探求建构现代中药组方理论,尚未能得出直接启示。     

肿瘤合并颈动脉切除术的探讨

肿瘤固着于颈动脉在临床实践中并非少见，如能将肿瘤与受累动脉一并切除，仍不无救治机会。通过体外或体内对患侧颈动脉压迫训练，促使大脑侧枝循环的建立，并采用脑血管造影或／和经颅多普勒血流检测仪（ＴＣＤ）检测证实合格后，可将肿瘤及受累段颈动脉作整块切除。本文报告１９８７～１９９５年间，我们按上述方法给７位患者施行本术，取得较好的效果，无手术死亡及脑血管并发症。     

Construction and analysis of three-dimensional graphic model of single-chain Fv derived from an anti-human placental acidic isoferritin monoclonal antibody by computer

As a 24--iner consisting of different proportions of two main subunit types, named L and H,ferritin is a protein involved in iron storage. Inmammalian tissues, ferritin exists in differentmolecular forms (isoferritins )LI,2]. Previous studies showed that the acidic isoform of ferritin existing in the placenta, fetal tissues and malignant tissues was abnormally increased in the sera of patients with malignancies as well as in pregnantwomen at risk of having small--for--gestational ageinfants[3…     

A Computer-Aided Decision Support System for Detection and Localization of Cutaneous Vasculature in Dermoscopy Images Via Deep Feature Learning

Vascular structures of skin are important biomarkers in diagnosis and assessment of cutaneous conditions. Presence and distribution of lesional vessels are associated with specific abnormalities. Therefore, detection and localization of cutaneous vessels provide critical information towards diagnosis and stage status of diseases. However, cutaneous vessels are highly variable in shape, size, color and architecture, which complicate the detection task. Considering the large variability of these structures, conventional vessel detection techniques lack the generalizability to detect different vessel types and require separate algorithms to be designed for each type. Furthermore, such techniques are highly dependent on precise hand-crafted features which are time-consuming and computationally inefficient. As a solution, we propose a data-driven feature learning framework based on stacked sparse auto-encoders (SSAE) for comprehensive detection of cutaneous vessels. Each training image is divided into small patches of either containing or non-containing vasculature. A multilayer SSAE is designed to learn hidden features of the data in hierarchical layers in an unsupervised manner. The high-level learned features are subsequently fed into a classifier which categorizes each patch into absence or presence of vasculature and localizes vessels within the lesion. Over a test set of 3095 patches derived from 200 images, the proposed framework demonstrated superior performance of 95.4% detection accuracy over a variety of vessel patterns; outperforming other techniques by achieving the highest positive predictive value of 94.7%. The proposed Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) framework can serve as a decision support system assisting dermatologists for more accurate diagnosis, especially in teledermatology applications in remote areas.     

融合多特征脑电评估孤独症儿童

孤独症是一种复杂的神经发育性脑疾病,其早期发现和精确诊断非常重要。从54名孤独症和50名正常儿童的脑电信号中提取功率谱、熵、双谱相干性以及相干性等多特征进行分析研究,并对每组特征进行独立样本t检验分析组间差异;为提高分类性能,提出融合多特征脑电进行分析,进一步采用最大相关最小冗余算法进行特征选择,最后利用支持向量机建立分类模型。结果显示,用单一特征分类,得到的分类准确率为72%,灵敏度为73.94%,特异性为67.74%,F1分数为69.74%,因此单一特征所建立的分类模型性能较差;在融合多特征进行分类时,选择前25个特征建立模型,具有较高的分类精度(93.45%±0.79%),此时灵敏度为91.73%±0.42%,特异性为94.01%±0.36%,F1分数为92.54%±0.31%,且AUC达到0.96,相比单一特征分类模型具有良好的性能。研究结果可以为孤独症的辅助诊断提供科学客观依据,为孤独症儿童后期康复提供可靠参考。