胸腰段脊柱脊髓损伤减压与固定相关问题探讨（附166例报告）

目的 对胸腰段脊柱脊髓，马尾神经损伤患者的外科治疗及几种内固定方法的疗效进行探讨。方法 对166例患者的治疗进行回顾分析。该组患者中椎体爆裂性骨折37例，椎体压缩骨折超二分之一109例，椎体骨折脱位14例，多节段或跳跃骨折6例，脊髓损伤按Frankel分级，A级59例，B级46例，C级42例，D级19例，治疗采用后路减压复位122例，前路减压复位，髂骨植骨融合44例。结果 术后123例获3-18个月随访，随访患者中随4例RF钉断裂，5例Harrington上钩脱落，6例棍断裂，其余患者内固定稳固，脊髓，马尾神经恢复，除35例仍为A级外，余脊髓神经功能恢复1-3个级别。结论 各种不同内固定可保持或增强脊柱的稳定，胸腰段脊柱脊髓损伤的外科治疗应根据骨折类型，脊髓及马尾神经损伤程度选择手术入路及内固定材料。     

Mg^2＋对离体灌流内皮素的大鼠心脏功能的影响

本实验在离体大鼠心脏灌流模型上,观察到10~(-9)mol/L内皮素灌流引起心肌挛缩,心功能降低,冠脉灌流量减少,以及心肌Ca~(2 )聚积,Mg~(2 )丧失等表现。灌流液含低镁(0.12mmol/L)时内皮素对心脏的上述作用显著增强,而在含高镁(4.8mmol/L)时明显减弱。Mg~(2 )影响内皮素对心脏作用的机制可能与其抑制心肌Ca~(2 )内流有关。实验结果提示避免缺镁,适当补充Mg~(2 )对于防治伴有循环内皮素水平增加的疾病或病理过程中的心脏损伤可能具有临床意义。     

Hypoxia can contribute to the induction of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic cycle.

BACKGROUND: Like other herpes viruses, latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection can be reactivated to lytic replication. Reactivation can be achieved by treatment with various reagents, including tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) and Ca2+ ionophores. Relatively little is known about the physiological factors related to reactivation of EBV. Previous studies have demonstrated that G0/G1 cell cycle arrest is associated with EBV activation, and that hypoxic conditions can induce cell cycle arrest. In the present study we investigated the effect of hypoxia on reactivation of EBV. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Hypoxic culture conditions were established and the expression of Zta protein and the number of EBV DNA copies were measured in B95-8 cells maintained under these conditions. RESULTS: Hypoxia treatment not only increased the expression of the EBV immediate-early protein Zta (which mediates the switch between the latent and lytic form of infection), but also increased the number of EBV DNA copies in B95-8 cells. CONCLUSIONS: EBV in latent infection can be activated to lytic infection by hypoxia treatment.     

第43例妊娠、胸闷、猝死

1 病史摘要 患者,女性,27岁。因“停经33+4周,阴道流血1 h”入院。患者1997年4月13日停经,18周后感胎动,20周时开始来院定期作产前检查,胎儿生长曲线一直在正常范围内。1997年11月25日复查B超,示“臀位、双顶径8.4 cm,胎盘前置”。12月3日晚散步时不慎被绊,但未摔倒,当晚12∶30左右患者发现阴道少量流血（量约50 ml）,即来院急诊,拟“孕33+4周,先兆早产？”收住入院。患者平素健康,在孕40＋d时曾患带状疱疹,经服用板蓝根冲剂后痊愈。否认有“肝炎、结核”等传染病史;无高血压、心脏病、糖尿病史;1987年因“胃穿孔”而行胃大部切除术;1996年因“乳房纤维瘤”作切除手术。否认有药物过敏史。婚姻史：26岁结婚,0-0-0-0。个人史：无特殊。家族史：其父40岁时因“脾破裂”死亡。     

中华眼镜蛇毒组分C与几种临床化疗药体外对人胶质瘤株作用的差异研究

背景与目的：脑胶质瘤是常见的颅内肿瘤，占脑恶性肿瘤的50％以上，化疗作为综合治疗的一项重要手段，仍存在效果不理想、易耐药等问题。本文就研究中华眼镜蛇毒组分C（Fraction C from Naja Naja Actra Venom，NNAV．FC）体外对人胶质瘤细胞株U-251的细胞毒性作用，并与几种临床脑肿瘤化疗用药进行比较，以求为脑胶质瘤的治疗提供新的化疗药物。方法：应用MTT法．观察NNAV．FC人胶质细胞瘤株U-251的细胞毒作用、量效关系等，并与依托泊苷（vp=16、鬼臼乙叉苷、Vepesid）、卫萌（替尼泊苷、鬼臼甲叉甙vm-26，Teniposide）、顺铂（Cisplatin、CDDP）、卡铂（Carboplatin）、五氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）等对上述细胞的细胞毒作用进行比较。结果：FC对人胶质瘤细胞有明显的抑制作用，其24及48h的IC50分别为5．76和7．19μg／ml，且呈良好的量效关系。结论：在本实验中，FC能有效抑制胶质瘤细胞株的生长，抑制作用与浓度呈正相关，与临床胶质瘤化疗药相比较。FC是有效地抑制胶质瘤细胞生长的药物。     

microRNA-622 acts as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma

microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of tumor development and progression. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression and role of miR-622 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that miR-622 was significantly downregulated in human HCC specimens compared to adjacent noncancerous liver tissues. miR-622 downregulation was significantly associated with aggressive parameters and poor prognosis in HCC. Enforced expression of miR-622 significantly decreased the proliferation and colony formation and induced apoptosis of HCC cells. In vivo studies demonstrated that miR-622 overexpression retarded the growth of HCC xenograft tumors. Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assays revealed that miR-622 directly targeted the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of mitogen-activated protein 4 kinase 4 (MAP4K4) mRNA. Ectopic expression of miR-622 led to a significant reduction of MAP4K4 expression in HCC cells and xenograft tumors. Overexpression of MAP4K4 partially restored cell proliferation and colony formation and reversed the induction of apoptosis in miR-622-overexpressing HCC cells. Inhibition of JNK and NF-κB signaling phenocopied the anticancer effects of miR-622 on HCC cells. Taken together, miR-622 acts as a tumor suppressor in HCC and restoration of miR-622 may provide therapeutic benefits in the treatment of HCC.     

胃癌HME表达的临床病理学意义

目的:探讨人类巨噬细胞金属弹力酶(human macrophage metalloelastase,HME)在人胃癌中的表达对肿瘤进展及预后的影响.方法:选取完整随访资料的胃癌存档蜡块65例(男57例,女8例,患者年龄30-74岁,分期T1-T4)进行免疫组化和原位杂交分析,评价HME表达与人胃癌临床病理学因素的相关性及其对疾病预后的意义.结果: HME蛋白及mRNA高表达率在分化类型较高的胃癌组织中较高(67.74% vs 41.18%,77.42% vs 52.94%,均P<0.05),血管浸润的胃癌组织低于无血管浸润者(31.25% vs 75.76%,40.63% vs 87.88%,均P<0.01),术后复发者低于无术后复发者(37.50% vs 63.41%,P<0.05;41.67% vs 78.05%,P<0.01).HME蛋白及mRNA高表达率与性别、年龄、肿瘤位置、大小、组织浸润深度及远处转移均无明显相关性,胃癌术后5年内复发死亡患者HME蛋白及mRNA高表达率明显低于术后生存5年以上者(37.04% vs 74.29%,P<0.01;48.15% vs 77.14%,P<0.05).HME表达为胃癌预后的独立影响因素,HME蛋白及mRNA高表达者预后较好(OR=0.323,OR=0.377;均P<0.05).结论:HME高表达与预后较好的密切相关,可能成为反映胃癌生物学行为及预测预后的有效指标.     

Preserving GABAergic interneurons in acute brain slices of mice using the N-methyl-<Emphasis Type="Italic">D</Emphasis>-glucamine-based artificial cerebrospinal fluid method

Defects in the function and development of GABAergic interneurons have been linked to psychiatric disorders, so preservation of these interneurons in brain slices is important for successful electrophysiological recording in various ex vivo methods. However, it is difficult to maintain the activity and morphology of neurons in slices from mice of >30 days old. Here we evaluated the N-methyl-D-glucamine(NMDG)-based artificial cerebrospinal fl uid(a CSF) method for the preservation of interneurons in slices from mice of up to ~6 months old and discussed the steps that may affect their quality during slicing. We found that the NMDG-a CSF method rescued more cells than sucrose-a CSF and successfully preserved different types of interneurons including parvalbumin- and somatostatin-positive interneurons. In addition, both the chemical and electrical synaptic signaling of interneurons were maintained. These results demonstrate that the NMDG-a CSF method is suitable for the preservation of interneurons, especially in studies of gap junctions.