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1.
Asai T.; McBeth C.; Stewart JIM.; Williams J.; Vaughan R. S.; Power I. 《British journal of anaesthesia》1997,78(1):28-33
We have investigated the effects of clonidine on gastric emptying of
liquids in 30 patients. In a double-blind, randomized design, clonidine 150
micrograms, morphine 10 mg or saline in 1 ml was given i.m. One hour later,
the patient drank a paracetamol solution (1.5 g in 50 ml water). Venous
blood samples were obtained every 15 min for 90 min thereafter. Plasma
paracetamol concentrations were measured using high- pressure liquid
chromatography and the area under the concentration- time curve was
calculated. The degree of sedation and complications were recorded. The
area under the curve for 0-60 min was significantly smaller in the morphine
group than in the saline group (P = 0.002; 95% confidence interval (CI) for
difference -1237 to -502 micrograms min ml- 1), whereas it was greater in
the clonidine group compared with the saline group, although this was not
significant (95% CI for difference - 423 to 1264 micrograms min ml-1).
Arterial pressure was significantly lower in the clonidine group compared
with the saline group. Both clonidine and morphine appeared to cause mild
sedation. We conclude that clonidine 150 micrograms i.m. does not delay
gastric emptying of liquids in a similar manner to morphine.
相似文献
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CHAKRIT HIRUNPETCHARAT DANIELLE STANISIC XUE QIN LIU JIM VADOLAS RICHARD A. STRUGNELL ROGAN LEE LOUIS H. MILLER DAVID C. KASLOW & MICHAEL F. GOOD 《Parasite immunology》1998,20(9):413-420
Variable protection against malaria blood-stage infection has been demonstrated in mice following parenteral immunization with the highly conserved 19 kD carboxylterminal fragment of the merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP119 ) using CFA/IFA and other adjuvants. Here we show that intranasal immunization of BALB/C mice with yeast expressed Plasmodium yoelii MSP119 plus a mixture of native and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit, could induce serum MSP119 -specific antibodies at titres ranging from 20 000 to 2 560 000. The Ig subclass responses were predominantly G1 and G2b. Intranasal immunization led to protection following challenge (peak parasitaemia < 1%) in mice with the highest MSP119 -specific titre (≥ 640 000). In two of the three protected mice, a peak parasitaemia of 0.1%–1% was followed by a boost of the antibody response whereas one of the three protected mice did not boost its antibody response after a peak parasitaemia of 0.02%. In unprotected mice, antibody levels rose, then fell, following the detection of parasites in the peripheral blood. CD4+ T cell-depletion abrogated the ability of the mice to boost their antibody response following challenge. These data demonstrate the potential for intranasal immunization with MSP119 to protect against malaria . 相似文献
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MAN‐HONG JIM M.D. KAI‐HANG YIU M.D. HEE‐HWA HO M.D. WAI‐LING CHAN M.D. ANDREW KEI‐YAN NG M.D. CHUNG‐WAH SIU M.D. WING‐HING CHOW M.D. 《Journal of interventional cardiology》2013,26(1):22-28
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to examine the angiographic and clinical results of stent full metal jacket in treating long lesions using everolimus‐eluting stents (EES).Background
Data are lacking regarding the use of EES for this lesion subgroup.Methods
From 2007 to 2011, 77 symptomatic patients who had severe coronary stenoses necessitating implantation of stents with total length longer than 60 mm were treated with overlapping EES.Results
The mean age of patient was 61 ± 11 years with male predominance (66%). Diabetes mellitus was seen in 35 (45.5%) patients. Majority of patients had class III angina with normal heart function. On average, 3.1 stents were implanted per lesion; the mean stent size and length were 2.70 ± 0.28 mm and 82 ± 16 mm. Restudy angiography was performed on 71 patients (72 lesions) at 8.9 ± 2.5 months. Angiographic restenosis was seen in 9 (12.5%) lesions; the lesion length and late loss were 67 ± 15 mm and 0.4 ± 0.6 mm, respectively. The use of intravascular ultrasound has been found to be a predictor of less restenosis (P = 0.02; HR: 0.02; CI: 0.01–0.59). The in‐hospital and 1 year major adverse cardiac event rates were 7.8% and 13%. The annual cardiac death rates were 2.6%, 3.4%, and 5.3% in the first 3 years.Conclusions
The use of EES full metal jacket for long lesions is only associated with good short‐term clinical and angiographic outcomes. Long‐term follow‐up has revealed a high cardiac death rate which may necessitate prolongation of dual antiplatelet therapy. (J Interven Cardiol 2013;26:22–28)5.
Stiffness of the Distal Tip of Bipolar Pacing Leads 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
JIM CAMERON HARRY MOND GARY CIDDOR KEITH HARPER JENNIFER MCKIE 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》1990,13(12):1915-1920
CAMERON, J., ET AL.: Stiffness of the Distal Tip of Bipolar Pacing Leads. The stiffness of a bipolar pacing lead, particularly between anode and cathode, may be responsible for myocardial penetration and perforation. Following an unprecedented 7% incidence of high threshold exit block with a single model bipolar ventricular endocardial lead, a study was undertaken to compare pacing lead stiffness between anode and cathode of six models of bipolar leads from two manufacturers; Telectronics (T) and Medtronics (M). Four leads had polyurethane insulation; T 030–284 (Laser Dish), T 329–259 (Cordis, Encor), M4012 (Target Tip), and M 4004 (Capsure). Two leads had silicone rubber insulation; M 5026 (Capsure) and M 5024 (Capsure SP). All leads were subjected to two stiffness tests. The Tip Deflection Test involved securing the lead at 45° at the indifferent electrode and applying a force to deflect the tip 5 mm. The three point bending test involved placing the lead over two fixed bars in contact with the anode and cathode. Midway a third bar was pushed onto the lead and the force to deflect the lead 2 mm was recorded. The results showed that pacing leads with polyurethane insulation were much stiffer than those with silicone rubber insulation. The T 030–284 because of its construction was found to be the stiffest. The next stiffest was the M 4012. Both these leads had an unacceptable incidence of high threshold exit block; 7% with the T 030–284 (89 implants) and 3% with the M 4012 (102 implants). No cases of high threshold exit block were documented with the other four pacing leads and in particular the silicone rubber M 5026 (344 implants). It is recommended that bipolar pacing leads with low stiffness between anode and cathode be used and that all new pacing leads be tested for stiffness prior to human implants. 相似文献
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LAUREN D. VAZQUEZ M.S. EMILY A. KUHL Ph.D. JULIE BISHOP SHEA M.S. R.N.C.S. ANN KIRKNESS R.N. C.N.C. JIM LEMON Ph.D. DAVID WHALLEY M.D. JAMIE B. CONTI M.D. SAMUEL F. SEARS Ph.D. 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》2008,31(12):1528-1534
Background: Common psychological adjustment difficulties have been identified for groups of implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients, such as those who are young (<50 years old), have been shocked, and are female. Specific aspects and concerns, such as fears of death or shock and body image concerns, that increase the chance of distress, have not been examined in different aged female implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients. The aim of the study was to investigate these areas of adjustment across three age groups of women from multiple centers. Methods: Eighty‐eight female ICD patients were recruited at three medical centers: Shands Hospital at the University of Florida, Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, and Royal North Shore Hospital in Sydney, Australia. Women completed individual psychological assessment batteries, measuring the constructs of shock anxiety, death anxiety, and body image concerns. Medical record review was conducted for all patients regarding cardiac illnesses and ICD‐specific data. Results: Multivariate and univariate analyses of variance revealed that younger women reported significantly higher rates of shock and death anxiety (Pillai's F = 3.053, P = 0.018, η2p= 0.067) and significantly greater body image concerns (Pillai's F = 4.198, P = 0.018, η2p= 0.090) than middle‐ and older‐aged women. Conclusions: Women under the age of 50 appear to be at greater risk for the development of psychosocial distress associated with shock anxiety, death anxiety, and body image. Clinical‐based strategies and interventions targeting these types of adjustment difficulties in younger women may allow for improved psychosocial and quality of life outcomes. 相似文献
8.
Introduction. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is under‐studied among young drinkers, as are the contributions of individual items to total AUDIT scores, and online performance of the existing briefer versions of this instrument. Design and Methods. This study examined individual items of the AUDIT, and various combinations, including the existing briefer versions, in relation to total AUDIT scores in a Web‐based study of young drinkers. A total of 167 young people aged 16–24 years old who had consumed any alcohol within the previous 7 days were recruited by both offline and online methods. Results. Considered individually, items 3, 4, 5 and 8 were predictive of the majority of the variance in total AUDIT scores in this Web‐based study. Existing briefer versions of the AUDIT do not better predict total scores than possible alternative combinations of items, for which acceptable levels of sensitivity and specificity for screening have been demonstrated. Conclusions. Short forms of the AUDIT, particularly those based only on consumption questions, require further validation study in online applications with young people.[McCambridge J, Thomas BA. Short forms of the AUDIT in a Web‐based study of young drinkers. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009;28:18–24] 相似文献
9.
María Angeles JIMéNEZ-SOUSA Eduardo TAMAYO María GUZMáN-FULGENCIO Amanda FERNáNDEZ-RODRíGUEZ María HEREDIA-RODRIGUEZ Mónica GARCíA-áLVAREZ Jesús F BERMEJO-MARTIN Daniel PINEDA-TENOR Patricia RUIZ-GRANADO Elisa ALVAREZ-FUENTE Esther GóMEZ-SANCHEZ José I GóMEZ-HERRERAS Salvador RESINO 《International journal of medical sciences》2014,11(11):1129-1132
Mitochondrial DNA variants may contribute to differences in mitochondrial function, leading to an altered immune system. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between mtDNA haplogroups and the development of chronic allograft dysfunction in patients with kidney transplant. A retrospective observational study was carried out on 261 patients who received kidney transplant (114 had stable transplant and 147 patients developed chronic allograft dysfunction). DNA samples were genotyped for 14 mtDNA polymorphisms by using Sequenom''s MassARRAY platform (San Diego, CA, USA). Only European white patients within the N macro-cluster were included. Patients with haplogroups V (odds ratio (OR)=0.32; p=0.037) and J (OR=0.36; p=0.038) showed lower odds for developing CRAD than patients with haplogroup H. After adjusting for the most significant variables, haplogroups V and J tended to statistical significance (p=0.091 and p=0.067 respectively). This is a preliminary study in which mtDNA haplogroups seem to be implicated in susceptibility or protection for developing chronic allograft dysfunction. 相似文献
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