全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3996篇 |
免费 | 276篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 25篇 |
儿科学 | 164篇 |
妇产科学 | 133篇 |
基础医学 | 443篇 |
口腔科学 | 171篇 |
临床医学 | 391篇 |
内科学 | 726篇 |
皮肤病学 | 73篇 |
神经病学 | 467篇 |
特种医学 | 180篇 |
外国民族医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 292篇 |
综合类 | 46篇 |
一般理论 | 4篇 |
预防医学 | 360篇 |
眼科学 | 111篇 |
药学 | 233篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 456篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 27篇 |
2021年 | 42篇 |
2020年 | 32篇 |
2019年 | 52篇 |
2018年 | 63篇 |
2017年 | 50篇 |
2016年 | 70篇 |
2015年 | 65篇 |
2014年 | 97篇 |
2013年 | 123篇 |
2012年 | 179篇 |
2011年 | 192篇 |
2010年 | 100篇 |
2009年 | 100篇 |
2008年 | 226篇 |
2007年 | 228篇 |
2006年 | 235篇 |
2005年 | 205篇 |
2004年 | 187篇 |
2003年 | 189篇 |
2002年 | 153篇 |
2001年 | 95篇 |
2000年 | 111篇 |
1999年 | 91篇 |
1998年 | 44篇 |
1997年 | 41篇 |
1996年 | 32篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 35篇 |
1992年 | 82篇 |
1991年 | 81篇 |
1990年 | 79篇 |
1989年 | 76篇 |
1988年 | 62篇 |
1987年 | 58篇 |
1986年 | 64篇 |
1985年 | 57篇 |
1984年 | 66篇 |
1983年 | 48篇 |
1982年 | 33篇 |
1981年 | 27篇 |
1980年 | 39篇 |
1979年 | 59篇 |
1978年 | 37篇 |
1977年 | 21篇 |
1975年 | 24篇 |
1973年 | 26篇 |
1972年 | 24篇 |
1969年 | 27篇 |
排序方式: 共有4279条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Shafqat R. Chaudhry Ilana S. Lendvai Sajjad Muhammad Philipp Westhofen Johannes Kruppenbacher Lukas Scheef Henning Boecker Dirk Scheele Rene Hurlemann Thomas M. Kinfe 《Brain stimulation》2019,12(3):643-651
Objective
To assay peripheral inter-ictal cytokine serum levels and possible relations with non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) responsiveness in migraineurs.Methods
This double-blinded, sham-controlled study enrolled 48 subjects and measured headache severity, frequency [headache days/month, number of total and mild/moderate/severe classified attacks/month], functional state [sleep, mood, body weight, migraine-associated disability] and serum levels of inflammatory markers [inter-ictal] using enzyme-linked immunoassays at baseline and after 2 months of adjunctive nVNS compared to sham stimulation and suitably matched controls.Results
No significant differences were observed at baseline and after 2 months for headache severity, total attacks/month, headache days/month and functional outcome [sleep, mood, disability] between verum and sham nVNS. However, the number of severe attacks/month significantly decreased in the verum nVNS group and circulating pro-inflammatory IL-1β was elevated significantly in the sham group compared to nVNS. Levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 were significantly higher at baseline in both groups compared to healthy controls, but not at 2 months follow-up [p?<?0.05]. Concentrations of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1), IL-6, tumor-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin remained unchanged [p?>?0.05]. No severe device-/stimulation-related adverse events occurred.Conclusion
2 months of adjunctive cervical nVNS significantly declined the number of severe attacks/month. Pro-inflammatory IL-1β plasma levels [inter-ictal] were higher in sham-treated migraine patients compared to verum nVNS. However, pro- [IL-6, HMGB-1, TNF-α, leptin] and anti-inflammatory [IL-10, adiponectin, ghrelin] mediators did not differ statistically. Profiling of neuroinflammatory circuits in migraine to predict nVNS responsiveness remains an experimental approach, which may be biased by pre-analytic variables warranting large-scale biobank-based systematic investigations [omics]. 相似文献3.
Double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of clonazepam and alprazolam for panic disorder 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G E Tesar J F Rosenbaum M H Pollack M W Otto G S Sachs J B Herman L S Cohen S A Spier 《The Journal of clinical psychiatry》1991,52(2):69-76
To test the reported antipanic efficacy of clonazepam, the authors randomized 72 subjects with panic disorder to 6 weeks of treatment with either alprazolam, clonazepam, or placebo. Endpoint analysis demonstrated a significant beneficial effect of both active treatments, but not placebo treatment, on the frequency of panic attacks, overall phobia ratings, and the extent of disability. Comparison of the two active treatments revealed no significant differences and no consistent tendency for one agent to be favored over another, although power to detect small differences was limited. Sedation and ataxia were the most common side effects reported, but these effects were mild and transient and did not interfere with treatment outcome. The results of this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial are consistent with previous reports of clonazepam's antipanic efficacy. 相似文献
4.
5.
Stella Chaushu Joseph Shapira Ilana Heling Adrian Becker 《American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics》2004,126(2):162-172
Treatment of traumatically intruded teeth is based largely on empirical clinical experience rather than on scientific data. The aim of this qualitative meta-analysis was to provide an evidence base to evaluate the orthodontic repositioning approach. In a MEDLINE search of the literature in English, 14 reported patients involving 22 teeth were found to have been treated by this modality. Additionally, 3 new patients, involving 9 intruded teeth and presented herein, were combined to form a total study sample of 17 subjects (7 girls, 10 boys, aged 8.9 +/- 1.2 years). Orthodontic extrusive forces were applied in the immediate posttrauma period (up to 3 months), with a variety of orthodontic appliances. Repositioning was achieved for 90.3% of the affected teeth but failed in 9.7% because of inflammatory resorption (2 teeth) or a misdiagnosis of root fracture (1 tooth). Early complications included loss of pulp vitality and external root resorption. All intruded teeth with closed root apices lost their vitality regardless of the degree of intrusion, whereas among those with incomplete apices, 45.5% that had been moderately intruded remained vital. External resorption was encountered in 54.8% of the teeth. Loss of marginal bone support was rarely encountered. Late complications included inflammatory root resorption in teeth with closed apices, in which endodontic treatment was not initially performed, and obliteration of the pulp tissue in teeth that remained vital. The results show that this method is superior to other treatment alternatives. 相似文献
6.
Ilana B. Crome 《Drugs (Abingdon, England)》2006,13(3):203-224
Over the last two decades there has been accumulating evidence that both psychosocial and pharmacological treatment interventions can effect change in substance-misusing adults. Thus, treatment interventions implemented for young people with substance problems largely draw on the adult addiction experience and that of child and adolescent psychiatry and psychology. As young people with problematic drug use have different treatment needs, and require different interventions and services to those of adults, results of adult studies cannot necessarily be directly extrapolated to young people.
Over the last five years evidence has been rapidly mounting that treatment may potentially work in young people, but as yet it is not as extensive as that for adults. The interventions that appear most fruitful are those based on learning theory, e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy and family therapy. Outcome studies in young people demonstrate substantial variability in substance use and misuse following treatment. From the UK perspective, the evidence is almost entirely USA based, and these evaluations of non-UK treatment programmes for young people cannot be simply transferred or transported to UK healthcare settings. This has significant implications for practice and policy.
At this stage, 'guidelines' or 'guidance' that is available is either not directed at young people and/or is largely gleaned from the USA literature. In addition, it does not adequately capture the complexity of cases at front-line specialist settings. The management of young substance misusers in the UK is, in the main, 'beyond guidelines and guidance'.
The restricted treatment service network for young people in the UK makes the potential for undertaking studies on treatment effectiveness extremely limited, but because there is evidence of a growing number of young people requiring treatment, such specialist drug services require evaluation. Serious consideration of the establishment and funding of evaluation of treatment interventions to be delivered to young substance misusers in the UK is urgently needed. 相似文献
Over the last five years evidence has been rapidly mounting that treatment may potentially work in young people, but as yet it is not as extensive as that for adults. The interventions that appear most fruitful are those based on learning theory, e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy and family therapy. Outcome studies in young people demonstrate substantial variability in substance use and misuse following treatment. From the UK perspective, the evidence is almost entirely USA based, and these evaluations of non-UK treatment programmes for young people cannot be simply transferred or transported to UK healthcare settings. This has significant implications for practice and policy.
At this stage, 'guidelines' or 'guidance' that is available is either not directed at young people and/or is largely gleaned from the USA literature. In addition, it does not adequately capture the complexity of cases at front-line specialist settings. The management of young substance misusers in the UK is, in the main, 'beyond guidelines and guidance'.
The restricted treatment service network for young people in the UK makes the potential for undertaking studies on treatment effectiveness extremely limited, but because there is evidence of a growing number of young people requiring treatment, such specialist drug services require evaluation. Serious consideration of the establishment and funding of evaluation of treatment interventions to be delivered to young substance misusers in the UK is urgently needed. 相似文献
7.
8.
A retrospective analysis of 1,259 patients injured in all-terrain vehicle accidents over a 2-year period was performed. All patients presented to the same community hospital Emergency Department, located near a major desert off-road vehicle recreational area. The patients were characterized by demographics and Injury Severity Scores. There were 2,149 recorded injuries. Mean ISS +/- standard deviation for all patients was 5.07 +/- 4.93; among patients admitted for inpatient care, 9.83 +/- 6.46. Injury Severity Scores were independent of vehicle type (two, three, or four wheels). In this setting, injuries sustained by children were not disproportionately more severe than those sustained by adults. Where documented, alcohol use was associated with higher ISS, and the use of helmets was associated with less severe head and facial injuries. The most common diagnoses in this series were integumental injuries and fractures, frequently involving the face and extremities. 相似文献
9.
Udi Cinamon Ilana Avinoach Moshe Harell 《European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology》2002,259(10):540-542
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF 1) is a syndrome with a predisposition for benign and malignant tumor development. Of the malignant neoplasms, osteogenic sarcomas are rare but have been described. There are some reports of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 with a parathyroid adenoma and hyperparathyroidism. Also, there are studies that imply that the parathyroid hormone plays a role in the regulation and modulation of oseogenic sarcomas in vitro. We report about a 50-year-old female suffering from neurofibromatosis type 1, with a 3-year documented history of untreated hyperparathyroidism and a parathyroid adenoma. The patient developed a mandibular osteogenic sarcoma. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case occurring in the mandible. The unusual tumor site for a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1, the conjugation with hyperparathyroidism and the rapid growth of an osteogenic sarcoma are intriguing. 相似文献
10.
Ofer Gemer Benjamin Piura Shmuel Segal Ilana Yanai Inbar 《International journal of gynecological pathology》2003,22(4):398-400
Chondroid syringoma of the vulva is an extremely rare tumor. Of the previously reported cases, only one was clinically malignant. The authors describe a case of chondroid syringoma of the right labium majus from which arose a papillary adenocarcinoma. A right inguinal lymph node was replaced with metastatic adenocarcinoma. 相似文献