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2.
Her-Shyong Shiah Nai-Jung Chiang Chia-Chi Lin Chia-Jui Yen Hui-Jen Tsai Shang-Yin Wu Wu-Chou Su Kwang-Yu Chang Ching-Chiung Wang Jang-Yang Chang Li-Tzong Chen 《The oncologist》2021,26(4):e567-e579
Lessons Learned
- SCB01A is a novel microtubule inhibitor with vascular disrupting activity.
- This first‐in‐human study demonstrated SCB01A safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor activity.
- SCB01A is safe and well tolerated in patients with advanced solid malignancies with manageable neurotoxicity.
3.
目的探讨腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术(TAPP)放置腹膜前引流对术后血肿及血清肿的影响。
方法选取2016年6月至2018年5月,江苏省苏州市中西医结合医院收治的单侧腹股沟疝患者90例,随机分为试验组和对照组,2组患者均行TAPP手术。试验组放置腹膜前引流管,对照组不放置引流管。收集2组患者的一般资料、手术相关资料及随访资料进行统计学分析,对比2组患者术后血肿及血清肿发生率差异。
结果全部患者均完成手术及随访。2组患者的一般资料、疝位置、疝分型、手术时间、住院花费、术后住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者的术后发热发生率、急性疼痛发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组术后血肿发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组患者术后1和3个月血清肿发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者1年随访均观察到1例复发的病例,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);随访期内2组患者均未出现感染的病例。
结论TAPP中,放置腹膜前引流管能够有效降低患者术后血肿和血清肿的发生率,同时并不增加感染和复发风险。 相似文献
4.
Anatoly E Martynyuk Ling-Sha Ju Timothy E Morey Jia-Qiang Zhang 《World Journal of Psychiatry》2020,10(5):81-94
The progress of modern medicine would be impossible without the use of general anesthetics (GAs). Despite advancements in refining anesthesia approaches, the effects of GAs are not fully reversible upon GA withdrawal. Neurocognitive deficiencies attributed to GA exposure may persist in neonates or endure for weeks to years in the elderly. Human studies on the mechanisms of the long-term adverse effects of GAs are needed to improve the safety of general anesthesia but they are hampered not only by ethical limitations specific to human research, but also by a lack of specific biological markers that can be used in human studies to safely and objectively study such effects. The latter can primarily be attributed to an insufficient understanding of the full range of the biological effects induced by GAs and the molecular mechanisms mediating such effects even in rodents, which are far more extensively studied than any other species. Our most recent experimental findings in rodents suggest that GAs may adversely affect many more people than is currently anticipated. Specifically, we have shown that anesthesia with the commonly used GA sevoflurane induces in exposed animals not only neuroendocrine abnormalities (somatic effects), but also epigenetic reprogramming of germ cells (germ cell effects). The latter may pass the neurobehavioral effects of parental sevoflurane exposure to the offspring, who may be affected even at levels of anesthesia that are not harmful to the exposed parents. The large number of patients who require general anesthesia, the even larger number of their future unexposed offspring whose health may be affected, and a growing number of neurodevelopmental disorders of unknown etiology underscore the translational importance of investigating the intergenerational effects of GAs. In this mini review, we discuss emerging experimental findings on neuroendocrine, epigenetic, and intergenerational effects of GAs. 相似文献
5.
6.
Ju Zou Daichao Wu Tao Li Xianwen Wang Yan Liu Sijie Tan 《Pathology, research and practice》2019,215(2):229-234
Programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1) mediated immune escape play important roles in the development of cancer. The gene polymorphism of PD-L1, in particular rs4143815 C?>?G, has been associated with the cancer risks, but with conflicting results. Therefore, this meta-analysis was aimed to assess the association between rs4143815 C?>?G and cancer susceptibility. A systematic literature search was performed to select the studies and the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the strength of association. Eleven eligible studies containing 3711 cases and 3704 controls were enrolled in the meta-analysis. The results suggested that there is a strong association between rs4143815 C?>?G and the cancer risks (G vs. C: OR?=?1.386, 95% CI: 1.132–1.696, p?=?0.002; GG vs. CG?+?CC: OR?=?1.843 95% CI: 1.300–2.613, p?=?0.002; GG?+?CG vs. CC: OR?=?1.280, 95% CI: 1.040–1.576, p?=?0.020). Subgroup analysis based on cancer type suggested that PD-L1 rs4143815 C?>?G might increase the susceptibility to gastric cancer (G vs. C: OR?=?1.842, 95% CI: 1.403–2.418, p?<?0.001) and bladder cancer (G vs. C: OR?=?2.015, 95% CI: 1.556–2.608, p?<?0.001), and genotype GG carriers of PD-L1 rs4143815 C?>?G might have higher risks of HCC (GG vs. CG?+?CC: OR?=?2.226 95% CI: 1.562–3.172, p?<?0.001). PD-L1 rs4143815 C?>?G might confer an increased cancer risk, indicating this SNP may contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer and might be used as a potential biomarker to predict the susceptibility to cancer. 相似文献
7.
Matrine,oxymatrine, and compound Kushen injection from the roots of Sophora flavescens: an overview of their anticancer activities
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In the present review, we updated current information on the chemistry, contents, and anticancer properties of matrine (MT), oxymatrine (OMT), and compound Kushen injection (CKI). The anticancer properties were focused on lung, breast, and liver cancer cells because they are most susceptible. Sources of information were from Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, PubChem, J-Stage, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Reference was also made on botanical websites, such as Flora of China and World Flora Online. MT and OMT are dominant quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens (Kushen) of the family Fabaceae. Against lung, breast, and liver cancer cells, MT and OMT inhibit cell proliferation; induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy; restrict angiogenesis; and inhibit cell metastasis, invasion, and migration. The processes involve various molecular targets and signaling pathways. CKI is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of root extracts of S. flavescens and Smilax glabra (Baituling) of the family Smilacaceae. With MT and OMT as major components, CKI has been approved for the treatment of cancer in China more than 20 years ago. In recent years, systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of CKI. When CKI is used alone and in combination with chemotherapy of western medicine, there is much to be learned concerning their interactions besides their individual and integrated efficacy. Some perspectives of MT, OMT, and CKI are discussed, and their suggestions for future research are provided. 相似文献
8.
Denise Lee Marcella D. Walker Hsin Yi Chen John A. Chabot James A. Lee Jennifer H. Kuo 《Surgery》2019,165(1):107-113
Background
Bone mineral density (BMD) has been found to improve after parathyroidectomy (PTX) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. There are few data on the effect of PTX on BMD in normocalcemic and normohormonal primary hyperparathyroidism.Methods
A retrospective analysis of 92 primary hyperparathyroidism patients who underwent PTX between 2004 and 2012 with pre- and post-PTX dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed. Within-person changes in BMD pre- and post-PTX were analyzed using log linear mixed models, stratified by biochemical status.Results
Bone mineral density increased post-PTX in the whole cohort at the lumbar spine (+2.5%), femoral neck (+2.1%), and total hip (+1.9%) and decreased at the one-third radius (–0.9%). On comparison of BMD changes by profile, BMD increased in those with the typical profile at the lumbar spine (3.2%), femoral neck (2.9%), and total hip (2.9%) but declined at the one-third radius (–1.5%). In contrast, BMD improved only at the femoral neck (4.3%) in the normohormonal group and did not change at any site in the normocalcemic group. The typical group had a greater increase in BMD over time at the femoral neck and total hip compared with normocalcemic patients.Conclusion
Our results indicate that the skeletal benefit of PTX was attenuated in normocalcemic and normohormonal patients, suggesting that skeletal changes after PTX may depend on biochemical profile. 相似文献9.
Chien-Hua Tseng Ben-Jei Tsuang Chun-Ju Chiang Kai-Chen Ku Jeng-Sen Tseng Tsung-Ying Yang Kuo-Hsuan Hsu Kun-Chieh Chen Sung-Liang Yu Wen-Chung Lee Tsang-Wu Liu Chang-Chuan Chan Gee-Chen Chang 《Journal of thoracic oncology》2019,14(5):784-792
Introduction
For never-smokers (smoked <100 lifetime cigarettes), lung cancer (LC) has emerged as an important issue. We aimed to investigate the effects of prevalence changes in tobacco smoking and particulate matter (PM) 2.5 (PM2.5) levels on LC in Taiwan, in relation to contrasting PM2.5 levels, between Northern Taiwan (NT) and Southern Taiwan (ST).Methods
We reviewed 371,084 patients with LC to assess smoking prevalence and correlations between the incidence of adenocarcinoma lung cancer (AdLC) and non-AdLC. Two subsets were selected to assess different AdLC stage trends and the effect of PM2.5 on survival of patients with AdLC.Results
From 1995 to 2015, the proportion of male adult ever-smokers decreased from 59.4% to 29.9% whereas the female smoking rate remained low (3.2% to 5.3%). AdLC incidence in males and females increased from 9.06 to 23.25 and 7.05 to 24.22 per 100,000 population, respectively. Since 1993, atmospheric visibility in NT improved (from 7.6 to 11.5 km), but deteriorated in ST (from 16.3 to 4.2 km). The annual percent change in AdLC stages IB to IV was 0.3% since 2009 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.9%–2.6%) in NT, and 4.6% since 2007 (95% CI: 3.3%–5.8%) in ST; 53% patients with LC had never smoked. Five-year survival rates for never-smokers, those with EGFR wild-type genes, and female patients with AdLC were 12.6% in NT and 4.5% in ST (hazard ratio: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70–0.90).Conclusions
In Taiwan, greater than 50% of patients with LC had never smoked. PM2.5 level changes can affect AdLC incidence and patient survival. 相似文献10.
Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is based on the exposure of biological tissues to low‐level laser light (coherent light) or light‐emitting diodes (LEDs; noncoherent light), leading to the modulation of cellular functions, such as proliferation and migration, which result in tissue regeneration. PBM therapy has important clinical applications in regenerative medicine. Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder resulting from disappearance of functional melanocytes in the involved skin. Vitiligo repigmentation depends on available melanocytes derived from (a) melanocyte stem cells located in the bulge area of hair follicles and (b) the epidermis at the lesional borders, which contains a pool of functional melanocytes. Since follicular melanoblasts (MBs) are derived from the melanocyte stem cells residing at the bulge area of hair follicle, the process of vitiligo repigmentation presents a research model for studying the regenerative effect of PBM therapy. Previous reports have shown favourable response for treatment of vitiligo with a low‐energy helium‐neon (He‐Ne) laser. This review focuses on the molecular events that took place during the repigmentation process of vitiligo triggered by He‐Ne laser (632.8 nm, red light). Monochromatic radiation in the visible and infrared A (IRA) range sustains matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), improves mitochondrial function, and increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and O2 consumption, which lead to cellular regenerative pathways. Cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria was reported to be the photoacceptor upon which He‐Ne laser exerts its effects. Mitochondrial retrograde signalling is responsible for the cellular events by red light. This review shows that He‐Ne laser initiated mitochondrial retrograde signalling via a Ca2+‐dependent cascade. The impact on cytochrome c oxidase within the mitochondria, an event that results in activation of CREB (cyclic‐AMP response element binding protein)‐related cascade, is responsible for the He‐Ne laser promoting functional development at different stages of MBs and boosting functional melanocytes. He‐Ne laser irradiation induced (a) melanocyte stem cell differentiation; (b) immature outer root sheath MB migration; (c) differentiated outer root sheath MB melanogenesis and migration; and (d) perilesional melanocyte migration and proliferation. These photobiomodulation effects result in perifollocular and marginal repigmentation in vitiligo. 相似文献