消化道手术中医源性脾损伤的预防和处理

医源性脾损伤(iatrogenicsplenicinjury)通常是指处理脾脏邻近器官的手术时,由于手术操作、医疗器械使用不当或局部解剖变异所造成的脾脏损伤。在临床上因各种原因导致的医源性脾损伤并不罕见,而且一旦发生损伤将会引发手术时间延长、术中失血量增加、病人住院时间延长等一系列问题;有的尚须行无辜性脾切除,导致脾切除术后发生并发症的风险增加,不仅给病人带来痛苦,甚至危及其生命。因此,医源性脾损伤已成为外科领域值得关注的问题。1应尽力避免医源性脾损伤消化道手术中医源性脾损伤的发病情况国内外报道不尽相同。Cassar等[1]报告,近40%…     

豚鼠内耳磁微粒栓塞缺血模型初探

OBJECTIVE: To set up an inner ear ischemic model in guinea pig with ferromagnetic embolism. METHODS: A magnet was fitted in the external auditory canal and carbonyl iron filings (1%, 1 ml/kg) was injected into jugular, then the inner ear vessels were obstructed by ferromagnetic spheres. Cochlear blood flow (CBF) and number of red blood cells in the stria vessels were used to detect the model's ischemia of cochleae. The slice of temple bone and basal membrane stained by silver nitrate were used for inner ear's histopathological observations. RESULTS: The iron spheres were amassed in the one and two-day-later's model of inner ear vessels, which resulted in embolism. The number of red blood cells in the stria vessels decreased and then recovered to normal level after 4 days, but the CBF decreased to 50% +/- 10% of basic level immediately and recovered to 99% +/- 41% 4 days later. Scattered lesion of out hair cell cilium could be seen in cochleae in eight-day-later's model, and degenerations in different degree were found in vascular stria. CONCLUSION: The methods of inner ear ischemic model with ferromagnetic embolism could be practical and the decrease of CBF was reversible, so it may be an ideal model for studying some ischemic inner ear diseases and evaluating the effects of therapeutic drugs.     

运动性中枢疲劳及乳酸对大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞MCT mRNA表达的影响

目的:探讨运动性中枢疲劳时大鼠大脑皮质MCT1、MCT2mRNA表达的变化以及乳酸对大鼠大脑皮质神经元MCT2mRNA表达的影响。方法:12只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和力竭训练1周组,每组6只。通过7天力竭训练建立中枢疲劳模型,观察中枢疲劳时大鼠大脑皮质MCT1、MCT2mR-NA表达变化;采用原代培养的大鼠大脑皮质神经元,观察不同浓度乳酸作用后大鼠大脑皮质神经元MCT2mRNA表达的变化。采用Trizol法提取大脑皮质和神经元总RNA;用SYBRAgreenI荧光定量RT-PCR测定MCT1及MCT2mRNA表达变化。结果:整体水平:力竭训练1周组MCT1mRNA表达无明显变化,而MCT2mRNA表达较对照组显著升高6·35±3·54倍(P<0·05)。细胞水平:乳酸作用后,神经元MCT2mRNA表达在pH=7·25时较对照组(pH=7·35组)升高3·08±2·38倍(P<0·05)。但随着乳酸浓度进一步升高,MCT2mRNA表达无明显增加。结果提示,中枢疲劳可能引发大脑皮质神经元MCT2mRNA表达升高,MCT2基因表达可能与乳酸在中枢疲劳中的作用有关。     

Some sufficient conditions for global exponential stability of delayed Hopfield neural networks.

In this paper, we have derived some sufficient conditions for existence and uniqueness of equilibrium and global exponential stability in delayed Hopfield neural networks by using a different approach from the usually used one where the existence, uniqueness of equilibrium and stability are proved in two separate steps, rather we first prove global exponential convergence to 0 of the difference between any two solutions of the original neural networks, the existence and uniqueness of equilibrium is the direct results of this procedure. We obtain the conditions by suitable construction of Lyapunov functionals and estimation of derivates of the Lyapunov functionals by the well-known Young's inequality and Holder's inequality. The proposed conditions are related to p-norms of vector or matrix, p in [1, infinity] and thus unify and generalize some results in the literature.     

慢性夹层动脉瘤的磁共振检查

本文对6例慢性夹层动脉瘤的MR所见进行分析。对真腔、假腔、“双腔主动脉”、左室形态和信号对比进行了描述。强调MR非侵袭性检查的重要意义。     

营养液浓度对丹参生长的影响

对丹参进行不同浓度营养液的砂培试验。结果表明,丹参是一种喜肥作物,在盐分总浓度达0.37%的条件下仍生长良好,产量也高。     

活血软坚方对大鼠膜性肾小球肾炎肾小管间质损害影响的实验研究

目的：观察活血软坚方对大鼠膜性肾小球肾炎（MN）肾小管间质损害的影响，并探讨活血软坚中药对MN伴发小管间质损伤的作用机制。方法：用阳离子化牛血清白蛋白复制大鼠MN模型，将实验动物随机分为正常组、模型组、雷公藤组、治疗组，观察24h尿蛋白、血浆白蛋白、胆固醇、三酰甘油、血肌酐、尿素氮等生化指标，并对肾组织进行光镜、电镜、免疫荧光观察；采用RT—PCR的方法检测ColⅠmRNA和ColⅢmRNA的表达。结果：本方能明显降低蛋白尿及血清胆固醇、三酰甘油、血肌酐、尿素氮，升高血清白蛋白，减少免疫复合物沉积，改善肾小球及肾小管的病理损伤。结论：活血软坚方能减轻尿蛋白对肾小管的损伤，减少细胞外基质在肾间质的积聚，减轻肾脏病理损伤，从而达到保护肾功能的作用。     

Access编制数据库在白内障病例管理中的应用

目的 应用微机对白内障病例进行管理，实现病例管理自动化。方法 根据患者姓名、晶状体等各项临床信息，在Windows98及以上版本的操作平台上，应用Access2000建立患者信息病例库。结果 建立Access病例库管理白内障病例，病例存储量大，查询方便快捷，数据处理方便。结论 Access2000编写的数据库在临床病例的管理中值得广泛应用及推广。     

牛磺酸对高血压和血管活性物质的影响

本文在原发性高血压(EH)患者,大鼠腹主动脉狭窄的高盐摄入引起高血压模型上,观察到口服牛磺酸治疗4周后均明显降低平均动脉压和收缩压,42.2%的患者血压恢复正常,并能抑制EH患者和高血压大鼠血浆内皮素(ET)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AⅡ)水平的升高,增加高血压大鼠血浆降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)和主动脉组织中的牛磺酸含量,以上结果表明牛磺酸在降压作用同时伴有缩血管物质的降低和舒血管物质的增加,为牛磺酸抗高血压辅助用药提供依据.     

37例传染性非典型肺炎流行病学调查与讨论

目的了解传染性非典型肺炎(SARS)流行病学的特点,提出相应的预防和控制措施.方法采取现场调查、网上电子病历审查、电话询问等方法.结果37例SARS患者的治愈率为89.2%,病死率8.1%,有接触史患者占37.8%.由于执行了严格的消毒隔离制度,医院内无任何人员感染发病.结论SARS患者在年龄上以青壮年为多,职业类以商业餐饮食人员为多.