全文获取类型
收费全文 | 613篇 |
免费 | 35篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 13篇 |
妇产科学 | 6篇 |
基础医学 | 81篇 |
口腔科学 | 4篇 |
临床医学 | 64篇 |
内科学 | 139篇 |
皮肤病学 | 12篇 |
神经病学 | 64篇 |
特种医学 | 35篇 |
外科学 | 51篇 |
综合类 | 17篇 |
预防医学 | 30篇 |
眼科学 | 32篇 |
药学 | 91篇 |
肿瘤学 | 22篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 17篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 16篇 |
2012年 | 23篇 |
2011年 | 22篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 16篇 |
2008年 | 18篇 |
2007年 | 35篇 |
2006年 | 22篇 |
2005年 | 21篇 |
2004年 | 19篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 14篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 19篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 21篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 21篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1944年 | 3篇 |
1943年 | 4篇 |
1942年 | 5篇 |
1924年 | 9篇 |
1923年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有666条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Ittel TH; Steinhausen C; Kislinger G; Kinzel S; Nolte E; Sieberth HG 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(7):1369-1375
BACKGROUND: Developments in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) now permit
the determination of femtogram amounts of 26Al in blood and in various
tissues with good precision and free of external contamination. METHODS: In
the present study we used trace quantities of 26Al to investigate the
intestinal absorption and compartmentalization of aluminium in rats with
renal failure (Nx, 5/6 nephrectomy) and in pair- fed controls (C). Single
oral doses of 20 ng 26Al were administered to six animals in each group
and, subsequently, 24-h post-load 26Al was analysed in serum, urine, bone,
liver, and spleen by means of AMS. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of 26Al
were significantly lower in uraemic rats compared to controls, whereas
urinary excretion was comparable (Nx, 7.11 +/- 5.78 pg/day vs C, 9.46 +/-
6.10 pg/day), suggesting a higher fraction of ultrafiltrable serum 26Al in
uraemia. The target tissues of cellular transferrin-mediated 26Al uptake,
liver and spleen, tended to show a larger degree of aluminium accumulation
in controls (0.26 +/- 0.31 pg/g vs Nx, 0.14 +/- 0.10 pg/g and 0.37 +/- 0.27
pg/g vs Nx, 0.25 +/- 0.27 pg/g respectively). In contrast, in bone, a site
of extracellular aluminium deposition, 26Al concentrations were more
elevated in uraemia (1.22 +/- 0.59 pg/g vs C: 0.68 +/- 0.30 pg/g).
Estimated total 26Al accumulation in all measured target tissues was
significantly higher in uraemic rats (28.15 +/- 9.90 pg vs C: 17.03 +/-
7.03 pg) and total recovery of 26Al from tissue and urine was 26.58 +/-
6.74 pg in controls and 35.75 +/- 7.03 pg in uraemic animals, suggesting a
fractional absorption of 0.133% and 0.175% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our
data suggest that fractional absorption from a dietary level dose of 26Al
is about 0.13%. Compartmentalization occurs in transferrin-dependent target
tissues such as liver and spleen; however, in quantitative terms
extracellular deposition in bone is more important. Uraemia has a
significant effect on the intestinal absorption and compartmentalization of
aluminium. It enhances fractional absorption and increases subsequent
extracellular deposition of aluminium in bone. However, at the same time
uraemia does not increase transferrin-dependent cellular accumulation of
aluminium in liver and spleen.
相似文献
2.
A novel gene that encodes a protein with a putative src homology 3 domain is a candidate gene for familial juvenile nephronophthisis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
3.
R Heilig I Oberlé B Arveiler A Hanauer M Vidaud J L Mandel 《American journal of medical genetics》1988,30(1-2):543-550
We report the characteristics of two new probes that detect BclI RFLPs useful for analysis of fragile X families. With these two probes and a single blot, 34% of women are heterozygous both for the proximal marker DXS105 (closer to the fragile X locus than the factor IX gene) and for the distal markers DXS52 or the factor VIII gene. Combined with the analysis of previously described polymorphic markers, it is possible to have a majority of families fully informative for flanking markers using a limited number of probes and restriction digests. 相似文献
4.
Manfred Lessel MD Arnulf Thaler Peter Heilig Wolfgang Jantsch Viktor Scheiber 《Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology》1991,76(4):323-333
In a series of 30 unilaterally pseudophakic patients, electroretinograms and electrooculograms were recorded 6 months postoperatively. The unoperated on fellow eyes served as controls High intraoperative retinal light exposure (3.4–7.3 mW/cm2, Zeiss OPMI 6 operating microscope) caused a substantial reduction of electrophysiologic potentials. Light protection prevented deterioration of electroretinogram and electro-oculogram potentials; reducing the bulb voltage, tilting the axis of illumination, filtering short wavelengths and the use of light shields resulted in 4-log-unit lower intensities (0.8–3.7 W/cm2).Abbreviations ACL
anterior chamber lens
- ECCE
extracapsular cataract extraction
- ICCE
intracapsular cataract extraction
- PCL
posterior chamber lens 相似文献
5.
6.
Schwandt ML Higley JD Suomi SJ Heilig M Barr CS 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》2008,32(7):1217-1228
Background: Acute and chronic tolerance, as well as locomotor sensitization, have been linked to ethanol intake. This study examined the change in response between 2 acutely administered doses of ethanol in adolescent rhesus macaques, with the objective of investigating rapid tolerance and locomotor sensitization to the behavioral effects of ethanol, and whether these phenomena are related to voluntary ethanol consumption in nonhuman primates. Methods: Rhesus macaques (n = 109, 42 males, 67 females) were administered 2 sequential intravenous doses of ethanol (2.2 g/kg for males, 2.0 g/kg for females) separated by a period of 5 to 30 days. Following each injection, subjects underwent a 30‐minute behavior assessment. Behavioral data were summarized using factor analysis, and compared between the 2 doses using repeated measures ANOVA. The relationship between behavioral response measures and the number of days between doses was analyzed using regression analyses. Following the second ethanol dose, subjects were given free access to an aspartame‐sweetened 8.4% ethanol solution for 1 hour a day for 4 weeks. Percent change in behavioral response measures from dose 1 to dose 2 was analyzed for associations with ethanol consumption using multiple regression analyses. Results: Factor analysis yielded 3 factors: ataxia, stimulation, and jumping. From dose 1 to dose 2 there was a significant decrease in ataxia and a significant increase in stimulation. Peak blood ethanol concentration did not differ between doses. There were no significant associations between the number of days between doses and the magnitude of change in response for any of the behavioral measures. Percent change in stimulation from dose 1 to dose 2 was positively associated with subsequent oral ethanol consumption only in females tested in a social setting. Conclusions: Adolescent rhesus macaques develop rapid tolerance to the motor‐impairing effects of alcohol, while at the same time developing locomotor sensitization. These changes in response are not necessarily short lived, and may persist for some time following the first ethanol dose. Clear and consistent associations between rapid tolerance and locomotor sensitization and ethanol intake levels have yet to be demonstrated, however. 相似文献
7.
I. K. Gao C. Leins H. Bohlen B. Heilig E.-M. Lemmel 《Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie》1998,57(2):95-100
Summary 5 Patients with definite RA and knee effusions under constant doses of DMARD therapy were treated with up to 6 intraarticular
injections of 10mg methotrexate (MTX) every 3 to 7 days. A matched randomized control group who received a single i.a. injection
of 40mg triamcinolone hexacetonide (TC) was monitored according to the same protocol. The intraarticular granulocyte counts
and IL-8 levels decreased in all MTX treated patients on day 10–13 and stayed low in those patients who could be re-evaluated
after 13 weeks. Compared to the IL-8 levels, the other tested cytokine levels showed only minor changes on day 10–13. There
was no need for re-injection in the TC group during the 13 week study phase.
We conclude that intraarticular MTX therapy results in a strong decrease of SF-granulocyte counts. This effect may be due
to the impairment of IL-8 mediated chemotaxis by decreased IL-8 synthesis in synovial fluid mononuclear cells. Clinically,
repeated intraarticular MTX therapy results in a worse 13 week outcome than i.a. steroid treatment measured in an intention-to-treat
analysis.
Eingegangen: 14. April 1997 Akzeptiert: 15. Januar 1998 相似文献
8.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of high-dose azathioprine pulse (HAP) therapy in the induction of remission in patients with active Wegeners granulomatosis (WG) or progressive lupus nephritis (LN) refractory to or intolerant of cyclophosphamide. Four patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated WG and two patients with progressive LN were treated with HAP (1200–1800 mg) applied monthly as continuous intravenous infusions at 50 mg/h. Patients received a total of 50 courses of intravenous azathioprine (AZA) therapy. Disease activity was assessed using the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) and the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Activity Index (SLEDAI). As only partial remission was induced in patients with progressive LN on this regimen, an additional 18 cycles were applied in these patients in which oral AZA at 100 mg/day in weeks 2 and 3 was added between two intravenous courses. A hereditary defect in thiopurine methyltransferase activity was excluded before initiation of treatment. High-dose azathioprine pulse and the intensified HAP treatment were well tolerated. Complete remission was achieved in two patients with WG suffering from three relapses of disease on application of 2–6 courses of HAP. Remission was maintained for 16–24 months. The remaining two patients with WG were withdrawn after 2–3 courses due to unchanged disease activity. In two patients with LN, partial remission was noted on 6–9 courses of HAP; however, the patients relapsed despite therapy with methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil. The intensified HAP regimen led to partial or complete remission in both LN patients which was confirmed by sequential renal biopsies. Our results suggest that HAP therapy represents a well-tolerated regimen in patients with active WG and LN intolerant of or refractory to cyclophosphamide. As partial or complete remission was observed in four of six patients, further studies seem warranted to assess clinical efficacy in these patients. 相似文献
9.
10.
Vrieze A Van Nood E Holleman F Salojärvi J Kootte RS Bartelsman JF Dallinga-Thie GM Ackermans MT Serlie MJ Oozeer R Derrien M Druesne A Van Hylckama Vlieg JE Bloks VW Groen AK Heilig HG Zoetendal EG Stroes ES de Vos WM Hoekstra JB Nieuwdorp M 《Gastroenterology》2012,143(4):913-916.e7
Alterations in intestinal microbiota are associated with obesity and insulin resistance. We studied the effects of infusing intestinal microbiota from lean donors to male recipients with metabolic syndrome on the recipients' microbiota composition and glucose metabolism. Subjects were assigned randomly to groups that were given small intestinal infusions of allogenic or autologous microbiota. Six weeks after infusion of microbiota from lean donors, insulin sensitivity of recipients increased (median rate of glucose disappearance changed from 26.2 to 45.3 μmol/kg/min; P < .05) along with levels of butyrate-producing intestinal microbiota. Intestinal microbiota might be developed as therapeutic agents to increase insulin sensitivity in humans; www.trialregister.nl; registered at the Dutch Trial Register (NTR1776). 相似文献