全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1989篇 |
免费 | 168篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 41篇 |
儿科学 | 94篇 |
妇产科学 | 36篇 |
基础医学 | 188篇 |
口腔科学 | 54篇 |
临床医学 | 154篇 |
内科学 | 395篇 |
皮肤病学 | 29篇 |
神经病学 | 248篇 |
特种医学 | 110篇 |
外科学 | 344篇 |
综合类 | 162篇 |
预防医学 | 132篇 |
眼科学 | 11篇 |
药学 | 102篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 60篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 47篇 |
2020年 | 25篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 29篇 |
2017年 | 19篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 26篇 |
2013年 | 53篇 |
2012年 | 59篇 |
2011年 | 81篇 |
2010年 | 61篇 |
2009年 | 64篇 |
2008年 | 78篇 |
2007年 | 85篇 |
2006年 | 91篇 |
2005年 | 72篇 |
2004年 | 86篇 |
2003年 | 64篇 |
2002年 | 59篇 |
2001年 | 55篇 |
2000年 | 63篇 |
1999年 | 74篇 |
1998年 | 52篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 42篇 |
1994年 | 55篇 |
1993年 | 24篇 |
1992年 | 46篇 |
1991年 | 40篇 |
1990年 | 35篇 |
1989年 | 48篇 |
1988年 | 42篇 |
1987年 | 51篇 |
1986年 | 46篇 |
1985年 | 39篇 |
1984年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 27篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 30篇 |
1978年 | 17篇 |
1976年 | 12篇 |
1975年 | 14篇 |
1974年 | 12篇 |
1973年 | 17篇 |
1971年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有2161条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Caroline A. Harrison BMedSci MRCS ; Martin J. Heaton MD FRCS ; Christopher M. Layton PhD ; Sheila Mac Neil PhD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2006,14(2):203-209
To produce a stable epidermis, keratinocytes need to be firmly attached to the basement membrane. However, following wounding, keratinocytes are required to develop a migratory phenotype in order to reepithelialize the wound. To investigate some of the issues underlying reepithelialization, we have developed a three-dimensional in vitro model of tissue-engineered skin, comprising sterilized human dermis seeded with human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Using this model, we have shown that the inclusion of fibroblasts within the model increases the stability of keratinocyte attachment. We have also demonstrated that keratinocyte migration occurs most effectively in the absence of a basement membrane and following the inclusion of fibroblasts in the model. In addition, subjecting the keratinocyte layer to mechanical trauma induces a migratory phenotype. We conclude that this three-dimensional in vitro wound model can be used to increase our understanding of the factors that enhance keratinocyte migration and hence wound healing in vivo. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
P. Muiesan W. Jassem R. Girlanda R. Steinberg H. Vilca-Melendez G. Mieli-Vergani A. Dhawan M. Rela N. Heaton 《American journal of transplantation》2006,6(5P1):1012-1016
We report our experience of pediatric liver transplantation with partial grafts from non-heart beating donors (NHBD). Controlled donors less than 40 years of age with a warm ischemia time (WI) of less than 30 min were considered for pediatric recipients. Death was declared 5 min after asystole. A super-rapid recovery technique with aortic and portal perfusion was utilized. Mean donor age was 29 years and WI 14.6 min (range 11–18). Seven children, mean age 4.9 years (0.7–11), median weight 20 kg (8.4–53) received NHBD segmental liver grafts. Diagnoses included seronegative hepatitis, neonatal sclerosing cholangitis, familial intrahepatic cholestasis, hepatoblastoma, primary hyperoxaluria and factor VII deficiency (n = 2).The grafts included four reduced and one split left lateral segments, one left lobe and one right auxiliary graft. Mean cold ischemia was 7.3 h (6.2–8.8). Complications included one pleural effusion and one biliary collection drained percutaneously. At 20 months (10–36) follow-up all children are alive and well with functioning grafts.
Donation after cardiac death is a significant source of liver grafts for adults and children with careful donor selection and short cold ischemic times. 相似文献
Donation after cardiac death is a significant source of liver grafts for adults and children with careful donor selection and short cold ischemic times. 相似文献
6.
HERMAN TOURNAYE RONNY JANSSENS PAUL DEVROEY RK VAN STEIRTEGHEM 《International journal of andrology》1994,17(1):1-8
In order to evaluate the effects of pentoxifylline on sperm motility and longevity, a controlled in-vitro study was conducted on normozoospermic donor semen samples using the Cellsoft automated system for sperm motility analysis. After incubation and selection, pentoxifylline was found to improve the recovery of spermatozoa and to increase their velocity. In the subgroup of progressively motile spermatozoa, curvilinear velocity was also enhanced. It is concluded that pentoxifylline has an effect on the vigour, but not on the pattern, of sperm motion. Pentoxifylline did not improve the motility characteristics of senescent spermatozoa in normozoospermic sperm samples. Sperm survival, as shown by supra-vital staining, and motility longevity both decreased with time after pentoxifylline treatment. 相似文献
7.
Symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome in a British urban community: consulters and nonconsulters. 总被引:42,自引:0,他引:42
K W Heaton L J O'Donnell F E Braddon R A Mountford A O Hughes P J Cripps 《Gastroenterology》1992,102(6):1962-1967
Because the prevalence of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in the general population is unknown, a questionnaire of intestinal symptoms was administered to a stratified random sample of 1058 women and 838 men. Subjects were asked if they had consulted a physician about such symptoms. One or more symptoms occurred frequently in 47% of women and 27% of men. Diagnosable IBS, defined as three or more symptoms, was present in 13% of women and 5% of men. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom, and recurrent intestinal pain was reported by 20% of women and 10% of men. All symptoms were more common in women except runny or watery stools. Most symptoms including pain were unrelated to age. Only half the people with diagnosable IBS had consulted a physician about it. The likelihood of consulting a physician was directly proportional to the number of symptoms and was similar in men and women after controlling for the number of symptoms. Of individual symptoms, the one most strongly associated with consulting was abdominal pain, especially in men. It is concluded that IBS is prevalent at all ages, especially in women, that it is nearly always painful, and that people with multiple symptoms are more likely to consult a physician. 相似文献
8.
Surgical management and prognostic factors in patients with subungual melanoma. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
OBJECTIVE: Forty-six cases of subungual melanoma were reviewed to identify significant clinicopathologic prognostic factors, determine the role of DNA content analysis in the biologic assessment of these tumors, and evaluate the effectiveness of amputation level, lymph node dissection (LND), and regional limb perfusion on the survival of these patients. BACKGROUND: Subungual melanoma is a unique and rare subtype of melanoma, constituting only 1% to 3% of cases. Thus, little is known about prognostic factors and optimal management of patients with this disease. Moreover, the appropriate level of amputation and LND and limb perfusion in the management of subungual melanoma remain controversial. METHODS: Forty-six patients underwent amputation alone or in combination with LND and/or regional limb perfusion for primary subungual melanoma. The effects of these treatment modalities and the prognostic significance of patient and tumor-related variables, including DNA flow cytometric data, on overall survival were assessed. RESULTS: Univariate statistical analysis identified six factors that significantly affected patient survival. They were stage at diagnosis (p = 0.0001), percentage of aneuploid cells (p = 0.01), presence of ulceration (p = 0.02) or bone invasion (p = 0.02), thickness of the primary lesion (p = 0.03), and percentage of cells in S-phase (p = 0.03). Multivariate analyses identified tumor stage and S-phase fraction as independent prognostic factors in these patients. Survival did not differ among patients who received amputation alone or those who underwent amputation in combination with LND or perfusion (p = 0.90); however, the use of limb perfusion reduced the incidence of locally recurrent disease. The level of amputation did not affect patient survival (p = 0.74) or the incidence of local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The study identified several significant prognostic factors, including DNA flow cytometric parameters, in patients with subungual melanoma. In addition, it showed that conservative amputation of the affected digit at the level of the proximal interphalangeal or metacarpophalangeal/metatarsophalangeal joint appears to be safe, provided that clear margins are obtained. Although isolated limb perfusion may reduce the incidence of local recurrence, LND, or limb perfusion in the routine management of subungual melanoma remains controversial. 相似文献
9.
V. JNSSON H. D. SCHRDER W. TROJABORG T. STAEHELIN JENSEN E. HIPPE M. MRK HANSEN 《Journal of internal medicine》1992,232(2):185-191
A study of 17 patients with autoimmune axonal or demyelinating peripheral neuropathy in combination with M-component is described. The M-component was associated with MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance) in 12 patients, CLL in one patient, WaldenstrÖm's disease in one patient, and myeloma in three patients. Immunohistological examination with direct and indirect fluorescence showed binding of antibodies to nerve structures of the same class and light chain as seen in the M-component. In five cases of IgM M-component, the demyelinating neuropathy was caused by binding of the IgM M-protein and complement C3b to myelin-associated glycoproteins (MAG). In 12 cases with axonal neuropathy, binding of IgG to the connective tissue of the peri- and endoneurium was found in 50% of cases, IgM in five cases, and IgD in one case. None of the patients had central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. The clinical and therapeutic difficulties are discussed; only two patients with an acute course responded to immunosuppression. A marked co-expression of other autoimmune phenomena is interpreted in the light of cross-reactions between the autoantibody and similar tissue autoantigens. 相似文献
10.
Brainstem pieces from the trigeminal region of the metencephalic basal plate of 10-day chick embryos were dissociated and cultured in control conditions or in the presence of muscle-conditioned medium (MCM). The MCM was derived from age-matched target tissue relevant to this neuronal region (jaw musculature), from relevant target tissue of an age at which innervation would initially be taking place (4 days), and from nonrelevant target tissue also of an early stage (4-day limb bud). Neuronal survival and differentiation was assessed daily, for 7 days. Survival and differentiation were significantly enhanced by the 4-day jaw MCM compared to both the controls and the cultures grown with 10-day jaw MCM and 4-day limb MCM. These measures in the presence of 10-day jaw MCM and 4-day limb MCM did not differ, but surpassed that seen in control cultures. The results are compared to the more specific responsiveness seen in earlier (2-day) neural tube cultures, and their relationship to in vivo regenerative nerve fiber outgrowth is considered. 相似文献