医药卫生信息传播的伦理学原则

陈述和分析的多是诸如医患关系,新药、新技术的临床应用等内容重大的例子,从探讨媒体对医药卫生内容传播不科学造成的误导入手,进而对其原因从媒介伦理与医学伦理的角度进行分析,探讨在传播医药卫生内容时媒体应遵从的伦理学原则.     

灯盏细辛注射液对急性脑梗死患者血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18的影响

目的 观察灯盏细辛注射液对急性脑梗死(acute cerebral infaction,ACI)患者的临床疗效及对血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18表达的对影响.方法 69例ACI患者随机分为灯盏细辛治疗组(36例)和常规治疗组(33例),采用双抗体夹心ELISA法、流式细胞仪(FCM)检测两组ACI患者治疗前后血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18表达的水平.结果 ACI患者治疗前血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18的表达水平显著高于健康人组(p＜0.05),灯盏细辛治疗组临床有效率明显高于常规治疗组(P＜0.05),两组治疗后血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18的表达均明显下降,灯盏细辛治疗组降低较常规治疗组更明显(p＜0.05).结论 灯盏细辛注射液治疗ACI可能与其下调血清粘附分子sICAM-1和CD11b/CD18的表达,减轻中枢神经系统的炎性损伤密切相关.     

晶状体上皮细胞端粒酶活性及细胞衰老的实验研究

目的明确晶状体上皮细胞(LEC)是否存在端粒酶活性表达;研究端粒酶活性的变化与LEC衰老的关系,为探讨年龄相关性白内障的发生机制提供理论依据。方法体外培养兔LEC并传代。以端粒重复扩增-免疫酶标(TRAP-ELISA)试剂盒检测细胞端粒酶活性;对各代细胞进行β-半乳糖苷酶组织化学染色检测衰老细胞,计算衰老细胞百分数。结果兔LEC存在端粒酶活性表达,在体外培养、传代过程中端粒酶活性逐渐减弱,至第4代低于检测水平,活体、原代、第1、2、3代的端粒酶活性分别为:0.46±0.046,0.32±0.026,0.25±0.029,0.19±0.019,0.11±0.038;衰老细胞随细胞的传代增加,活体与原代培养的LEC未发现衰老现象,第1~9代衰老细胞百分数(%)分别为:(0.98±0.39)、(4.93±1.35)、(11.08±1.69)、(24.98±3.55)、(33.89±3.74)、(41.17±5.24)、(51.75±8.32)、(73.00±5.98)、(77.00±14.18)。结论LEC存在端粒酶活性表达,端粒酶活性的变化与LEC的衰老有关,可能在年龄相关性白内障发生的病理生理过程中发挥重要作用。     

环维黄杨星干预高血压大鼠脑组织NPY与超微结构的研究

目的观察中药单体环维黄杨星(CVB)对易卒中型肾血管性高血压大鼠(RHRSP)脑缺血-复流不同时间脑组织神经肽Y(NPY)表达与细胞超微结构的干预作用。方法采用环形银夹使SD大鼠的双侧肾动脉狭窄,制成RHRSP模型,再用线栓法制成一侧大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)脑缺血-复流实验组;观察CVB对脑缺血6h后再灌注6、72、168h不同时间点大鼠脑组织NPY表达、含水量、梗死面积百分率、行为学评分及细胞超微结构的干预作用(治疗组),并与生理盐水处理者(对照组)及假手术组对照。结果对照组脑缺血-复流6h后脑组织NPY、含水量与假手术组相比均明显升高,72h上升至高峰,脑梗死面积百分率亦急剧增加,168h开始下降,但仍高于假手术组。电镜显示,对照组脑缺血-复流上述不同时间分别出现不同程度神经元和血管壁的超微结构损害,脑缺血-复流72h后治疗组较对照组大鼠脑NPY、含水量及梗死面积显著降低,受损脑组织神经元和血管壁的超微结构亦明显改善。结论NPY可能参与了RHRSP急性缺血-复流性脑损伤病理过程,CVB对脑缺血脑损伤RHRSP大鼠NPY、水肿与超微结构有一定的干预作用。     

Beitrag zur Kasuistik von Innenbandganglien des Kniegelenkes

Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über eine seltene Ganglienbildung im Ligamentum collaterale tibiale des rechten Kniegelenkes bei einem 51jährigen Mann.     

可调节型人工晶状体眼调节幅度的计算及其影响因素分析

目的①推导出计算可调节型人工晶状体(accom-modative intraocular lens,AIOL)植入术后眼的调节幅度(ac-commodative amplitude,AA)的数学公式。②探讨影响人工晶状体眼AA的相关因素,为研究AIOL植入手术的治疗效果提供理论依据。方法根据高斯近轴光线光学理论推导得出计算AIOL植入眼AA的理论计算公式,以人工晶状体(in-traocular lens,IOL)焦点的移动量(effective intraocular lensposition,ΔELP)、眼轴长(axial length,AL)、角膜屈光力(corneal power,K)、IOL的有效位置(effective lens position,ELP)、植入IOL的屈光力(power of the implanted IOL,IOLImp)计算AA,分别建立AA与ΔELP、AL、K、ELP、IOLImp的函数关系,分析以上各参数对AA的影响。结果①人工晶状体眼AA受ΔELP、AL、K、ELP、IOLImp的影响(AL=23.65mm、K=43.8D、ELP=5.8mm),屈光状态为正视、ΔELP...     

A proteomic view on genome-based signal peptide predictions.

The availability of complete genome sequences has allowed the prediction of all exported proteins of the corresponding organisms with dedicated algorithms. Even though numerous studies report on genome-based predictions of signal peptides and cell retention signals, they lack a proteomic verification. For example, 180 secretory and 114 lipoprotein signal peptides were predicted recently for the Gram-positive eubacterium Bacillus subtilis. In the present studies, proteomic approaches were used to define the extracellular complement of the B. subtilis secretome. Using different growth conditions and a hyper-secreting mutant, approximately 200 extracellular proteins were visualized by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis, of which 82 were identified by mass spectrometry. These include 41 proteins that have a potential signal peptide with a type I signal peptidase (SPase) cleavage site, and lack a retention signal. Strikingly, the remaining 41 proteins were predicted previously to be cell associated because of the apparent absence of a signal peptide (22), or the presence of specific cell retention signals in addition to an export signal (19). To test the importance of the five type I SPases and the unique lipoprotein-specific SPase of B. subtilis, the extracellular proteome of (multiple) SPase mutants was analyzed. Surprisingly, only the processing of the polytopic membrane protein YfnI was strongly inhibited in Spase I mutants, showing for the first time that a native eubacterial membrane protein is a genuine Spase I substrate. Furthermore, a mutation affecting lipoprotein modification and processing resulted in the shedding of at least 23 (lipo-)proteins into the medium. In conclusion, our observations show that genome-based predictions reflect the actual composition of the extracellular proteome for approximately 50%. Major problems are currently encountered with the prediction of extracellular proteins lacking signal peptides (including cytoplasmic proteins) and lipoproteins.     

Hirntuberkel am Dach des vierten Ventrikels und im Crus posterius cerebelli bei chronischer Mittelohreiterung

Ohne Zusammenfassung