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排序方式: 共有254条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Ketai LH; Williamson MR; Telepak RJ; Levy H; Koster FT; Nolte KB; Allen SE 《Radiology》1994,191(3):665
2.
CUTTS FT; KORTBEEK S; MALALANE R; PENICELE P; GINGELL K 《Health policy and planning》1988,3(4):291-301
In 1985 a pulse immunization project was begunin southern Mozambique, to overcome the difficulties of deliveringimmunization services in rural areas. The project was closelymonitored in order to determine whether this strategy wouldbe appropriate on a national level. Major inputs were in trainingof both health workers and volunteers, and the development ofa system for communications and defaulter tracing via Mozambique'snetwork of grassroots organizations. By 1987 the project hadachieved 60% coverage of fully immunized children in safe ruralareas of the province, having reduced dropout rates betweenfirst and third doses of DPT/OPV from 49% to 11%. This paperdescribes the process of project development through situationanalysis, project design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.Conclusions are drawn which may be relevant to other programmesin their attempts to accelerate immunization coverage in a sustainableway. 相似文献
3.
A case is reported of an unusual complication in which acutegastric dilatation occurred in an incarcerated hiatus hernia,resulting in left ventricular failure in the postoperative period.Failure to recognize this gave rise to concern when the patientre-presented for further surgery.
*Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Liverpool Hospital, PrescotStreet, Liverpool L7 8XP.
Walton Hospital, Rice Lane, Liverpool L9 1AE. 相似文献
4.
Kung FT; Chen WJ; Chou HH; Ko SF; Chang SY 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(8):1649-1653
We report a rare case of early-stage endometrial adenocarcinoma in a 22
year old nullipara with polycystic ovaries undergoing conservative
treatment. Pretreatment evaluation including tumour grade, depth of
myometrial invasion, tumour size, hormone receptor status and flow
cytometric analysis indicated a favourable prognosis. The patient underwent
repeat endometrial curettage and a 6 month period of therapy with megestrol
acetate and tamoxifen. A combination contraceptive pill was then prescribed
to ensure withdrawal of the menstrual cycle thereafter. Now, 1 year after
the last curettage, there is no evidence of disease. During the treatment
period, hysteroscopy allowed for a more precise approach in panoramically
examining the tumour nest in the endometrial cavity, and the subsequent
endometrial response to hormone therapy. Laparoscopy using bulldog clamps
applied to the isthmic portion of the Fallopian tubes prevented i.p. spread
of endometrial tissue from retrograde regurgitation during hysteroscopy.
Laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery resulted in the reduction of abnormal
hypervascularization on the surface of polycystic ovaries postoperatively
but caused a peri-ovarian adhesion complication. It is interesting that
this case posed a unique opportunity to demonstrate the tumour regression
under the assistance of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.
相似文献
5.
Association of ambient air‐pollution levels with acute asthma exacerbation among children in Singapore 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: Air-pollution levels have been shown to be associated with increased morbidity of respiratory diseases. METHODS: Data for ambient air-pollutant levels, meteorologic factors, and hospitalization or emergency room (ER) visits for acute asthma in Singapore children over a 5-year period (1990-4) were obtained and analyzed for associations by time-series methods. RESULTS: Throughout this period, the annual mean and 24-h mean levels for sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and total suspended particles (TSP) and maximum 1-h daily average for ozone were generally within the air-quality guidelines established by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, positive correlation between levels of each of these pollutants and daily ER visits for asthma was observed in children aged 3-12 years, but not among adolescents and young adults (13-21 years old). The association with SO2 and TSP persisted after standardization for meteorologic and temporal variables. An adjusted increase in 2.9 ER visits for every 20 microg/m3 increase in atmospheric SO2 levels, lagged by 1 day, was observed on days when levels were above 68 microg/m3. With TSP, an adjusted increase of 5.80 ER visits for every 20 microg/m3 increase in its daily atmospheric levels, lagged by 1 day, was observed on days with levels above 73 microg/m3. Similar results were also obtained after controlling for autocorrelation by time-series analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These associations were observed even though the overall levels of all pollutants were generally within the air-quality guidelines established by the WHO. These findings suggest that asthmatic children are susceptible to increased levels of air pollutants, particularly SO2 and TSP, although the ambient levels are generally within "acceptable" ranges. 相似文献
6.
COMER M.; SCOTT D.L; DOYLE D.V; HUSKISSON E.C; HOPKINS A. 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》1995,34(10):966-970
Rheumatologists usually recommend monthly blood monitoring whenpatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are treated with slow-actinganti-rheumatic drugs (SAARDs). Is monthly monitoring neededor could its frequency be reduced? We audited the opinions ofUK rheumatologists and reviewed clinical experience at threecentres. To ascertain the interval at which patients are monitoredand the determinants of monitoring policy we sent a questionnaireto 193 consultant rheumatologists; 143 (74%) replied. The majorityuse monthly monitoring for most SAARDs except sulphasalazine,chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine. There is extensive variation,which is not related to the type of rheumatology unit or whethera shared scheme with general practitioners is used. Reviewingexperience in 390 patients treated with SAARDs at three adjacentrheumatology units in London showed that haematological adversereactions were infrequent. During 1560 patient-years of treatmentinvolving 18 720 monthly monitoring visits there were 13 haematologicaladverse reactions (1 1 thrombocytopenias and two leucopenias).Five thrombocytopenias occurred in the first 6 months of therapy;two were gradual and three developed more rapidly over 12months. Six thrombocytopenias developed after 6 months of treatment;five occurred gradually over 5 months or more and one borderlinelow platelet count was seen once. The two leucopenias were borderlinelow white cell counts occurring gradually over 36 months.Such frequent monitoring is expensive. The total cost of monitoring390 patients for 1560 patient-years was $420 000. The cost ofdetecting each adverse reaction was $ 32 000. Three-monthlymonitoring when therapy is established after an initial stabilizingperiod would have identified seven out of eight late adversereactions. Monitoring policies are mainly based on clinicalconsensus with few prospective studies of their value; theyneed re-evaluation. KEY WORDS: Rheumatoid arthritis, Drug toxicity, Slow-acting anti-rheumatic drugs 相似文献
7.
The "K-type" designation is used to describe a patient beinginvestigated for malignant hyper-thermia (MH) when concurrentadministration of caffeine and halothane induces muscle contracture(rigidity, spasm) in vitro, but when halothane and caffeinegiven separately produce a normal response. It is accepted insome centres that K-type individuals are susceptible to malignanthyper-thermia (MHS). In this paper, the K-type is shown notto correlate with the MH susceptible (MHS) status as acceptedby the European MH group. 相似文献
8.
Prognostic significance of tumor necrosis in ovarian cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval surgical debulking 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T. LE P. SHAHRIARI L. HOPKINS W. FAUGHT† & M. FUNG KEE FUNG 《International journal of gynecological cancer》2006,16(3):986-990
The objective of this study was to study the significance of tumor necrosis documented at the time of interval surgical debulking after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Retrospective chart reviews were carried out from 1997 to 2005 to identify ovarian cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients' demographics together with disease characteristics, treatment-related variables, and outcomes were recorded. Cox proportional hazard models were built to model time to progression using predictor variables such as age, cancer stage, tumor grade, residual disease, percentage change in CA125 level from baseline, and degree of necrosis in resected tumor specimens. One hundred one patients were included in the study. Optimal debulking was achieved in 74% of the patients. Cox regressions revealed three significant predictive variables of time to first progression: younger age (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.98, P= 0.004), residual disease (P= 0.048), and the absence/minimal tumor necrosis after three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (HR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.01-3.87, P= 0.048). The estimated median survival was 50.66 months (95% CI 46.12-55.20). The lack of or minimal tumor necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an independent risk factor for recurrent disease. 相似文献
9.
Modulation of in vitro eosinophil progenitors by hydrocortisone: role of accessory cells and interleukins 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The growth of human eosinophil progenitors (CFU-Eo) and the modulation of growth by hydrocortisone were studied as functions of the presence of lymphocytes and monocytes in marrow cells under study; and the source of colony-stimulating factors, specifically, media conditioned by macrophage-like cell line, GCT; phytohemagglutinin-stimulated mononuclear cells (PHA-LCM); or the T cell line, MO. CFU-Eo growth was greatest in marrow containing accessory cells as compared to marrow depleted of accessory cells; and in marrow treated with phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocyte conditioned media (PHA-LCM) or MO (T cell line)-conditioned medium (MO-CM) as compared with GCT cell- conditioned medium (GCT-CM). Hydrocortisone reproducibly inhibited eosinophil progenitor growth in unfractionated marrow stimulated by GCT- CM. This effect was abrogated by admixing irradiated mononuclear cells or T lymphocytes with the target marrow or by adding interleukin 1 or interleukin 2 (IL-1, IL-2). Inhibition by hydrocortisone did not occur when monocyte and T lymphocyte depleted marrow was studied. Unlike GCT- CM, MO-CM and PHA-LCM stimulated equal proportions of eosinophil progenitors in nondepleted and accessory cell-depleted marrow and demonstrated less hydrocortisone inhibition. However, both GCT-CM and PHA-LCM produced in the presence of hydrocortisone stimulated significantly fewer CFU-Eos in both unfractionated and accessory cell- depleted marrow target populations. These results indicate that the growth of CFU-Eo and inhibition of growth by hydrocortisone is a direct function of a monocyte-T cell interaction and probably is mediated through effects on the production/release of eosinophil colony stimulating factor (Eo-CSF). 相似文献
10.
Reversal of granulocyte adherence to nylon fibers using local anesthetic agents: possible application to filtration leukapheresis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The effects of the cationic anesthetic agents tetracaine and lidocaine on granulocyte function, morphology, and adherence to nylon fibers were studied in an attempt to improve current methods of granulocyte collection by filtration leukapheresis (FL). When dissolved in acid- citrate-dextrose (ACD) plasma, these drugs significantly increased granulocyte elution from the fibers in a dose-related fashion. Granulocytes exposed to tetracaine and lidocaine remained more than 95% viable, retained normal bactericidal capacity after the drugs were washed from the cells, and had preserved membrane integrity, as evidenced by the normal ultrastructural appearance of tetracaine- exposed cells and an absence of leakage of lysozyme or lactic dehydrogenase. Granulocytes eluted with the anesthetic agents were rounded in shape with a reduction in the number of filopodial cytoplasmic projections and a relative absence of cytoplasmic vacuolization when compared to granulocytes eluted with ACD plasma alone. Dose-related inhibition of phagocytosis and adherence, which was largely reversible after washing the granulocytes, was noted. Greater than 95% of the lidocaine could be removed from the eluate with a single centrifugation and resuspension, indicating that granulocytes prepared by FL with anesthetic-enhanced elution could be potentially transfusable. 相似文献