Splenic irradiation in HIV-related thrombocytopenia

Splenic irradiation has been used in patients with HIV-related thrombocytopenia. This retrospective review deals with four patients treated with low dose splenic irradiation. All patients had an increase in platelet count and tolerated the treatment without side effects. However, the treatment response lasted for several months only.     

Myosin isozymes in avian skeletal muscles. I. Sequential expression of myosin isozymes in developing chicken pectoralis muscles

Myosin has been purified from chicken pectoralis muscle at various stages of development, from 10 days' incubation to approximately 10 months after hatching. Embryonic myosin from the earliest stage showed a high level of ATPase activity, similar to that obtained for adult pectoralis myosin. Two-dimensional peptide mapping of partial chymotryptic digests showed, however, that is heavy chain is quite different from that of adult fast myosin. The immunological crossreactivity observed between embryonic myosin and adult fast (pectoralis) myosin is therefore due to shared antigenic determinants rather than the presence of any adult isoforms. In an accompanying paper we will show that embryonic myosin at 10 days' incubation is not a single species, but consists of at least two heavy chain isozymes. The minor fraction binds slow light chains preferentially, and appears to be largely responsible for the observed crossreactivity with slow (ALD) myosin. None of the embryonic myosins is equivalent to the adult forms. Prior to hatching, LC3f is present only in very small amounts (less than 5%), and the adult light chain pattern, containing LC1f and LC3f in equimolar amounts, is not generated until after one week post-hatching. At about that time a new heavy chain population is detected, different from either the embryonic heavy chain or the adult heavy chain. The adult heavy chain peptide pattern appears from about three weeks' post-hatching, but a map indistinguishable from that of adult myosin is not observed until about 26 weeks. None of the observed differences in peptide maps can be related to different strains of chicken; pectoralis myosin from adult White Rock gave an identical map to that from White Leghorn. Unexpectedly, posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD) myosin from White Leghorn appears to be different from pectoralis myosin from the same strain, despite the histochemical and immunocytochemical similarity of the two muscles. We conclude that myosin polymorphism is widespread in muscle tissue, and that the expression of myosin isozymes and their subunits is under developmental regulation.     

长效可逆避孕措施在人工流产后即刻实施的效果评价

目的探究长效可逆避孕措施在人工流产后即刻实施的效果。方法从2017年7月-2018年7月,抽选在广州市增城区妇幼保健院行人工流产女性1200例,按照随机数字表法分为常规组(612例)和强化干预组(588例)。常规组给予常规流产后关爱(PAC)服务,强化干预组在常规PAC服务的基础上采用长效可逆避孕措施。对比两组长效可逆避孕措施使用情况、重复人工流产率以及避孕措施的持续时间情况。结果强化干预组的高效避孕措施使用率比常规组更高,同时重复人工流产率比常规组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);强化干预组长效可逆避孕措施LARC(IUS/IUD)避孕术后6个月、1年使用率明显高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);复方口服避孕药优思悦(COC)避孕术后3个月、6个月、1年的使用率比常规组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论人工流产后即刻实施长效可逆避孕措施,可提升高效避孕措施的使用率,减少意外妊娠及再次人工流产的几率,值得推广。     

抗—HBcIgM在HBV感染55例中的动态观察

本文ELLSA检测,对55例HBV感染者血清中的抗-HBcIgM随访研究其动态变化。结果发现,急性乙肝35例抗-HBcIgM的阳性率在入院时,6个月,12个月分别为100%（35/35）,86%（31/36）,及34%（6/18）,提示抗-HBcIgM在6个月大都保持阳性,至12个月大部分消失;“无症状”携带者20例抗-HBcIgM阳性率在首检时,6个月,24个月都为100%（各为20/20,17/17,及10/10）,提示“无症状”携带者的抗-HBcIgM很难自然消失,同时把抗-HBcIgM和HBsAg检测对比,提示HBsAg阴性不能排除急性乙肝的诊断。     

有机化学中的学习障碍及教学策略

通过对学生在有机化学学习过程中的障碍分析，实施相应的教学策略，以提高有机化学的教学质量和学生的学习水平。     

The Butterfly Fragment in Wedge‐Shaped Femoral Shaft Fracture: Comparison of Two Different Surgical Methods

ObjectiveOur study compared the results of wedge‐shaped femoral shaft fracture following intramedullary (IM) nailing with or without fixation of the third fragment.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients presenting with femoral shaft fracture with AO/OTA type 32‐B from 2011 to 2016. Patients were divided into two groups: closed reduction without touching the third fragment and open reduction with fixation of the third fragment. The fragment ratio, fragment length, nail size, dynamization or not, mRUST scores, union rate, and union time were compared between the two groups. Risk factors of non‐union were also investigated, including sex, age, fracture pattern, fracture location, dynamization, nail size, fragment ratio, fragment size, and postoperative fragment displacement.ResultsA total of 80 patients met inclusion criteria, 20 patients with wedge‐shaped shaft femoral fracture were managed with IM nailing and open reduction with fixation of the third fragment. Sixty patients were treated with IM nail without touching the third fragment. The union rate for the fixation and non‐fixation groups were 60.0% and 81.7%, respectively. The mean union time for the fixation group was 19 months vs 14 months for the non‐fixation group. Multi‐regression analysis showed larger nail size (odds ratio: 2.26) and fixation of the third fragment (odds ratio: 0.18) influenced fracture healing.ConclusionsFixation of the third fragment in wedge‐shaped shaft femoral fracture results in a longer union time and lower union rate. In the management of femoral fracture with a third fragment, a larger nail size is recommended and fixation should be performed in a closed manner. Fixation of the fragment may achieve better fracture reduction. However, disruption of the vasculature and surrounding structures may further result in nonunion of the fracture site.     

复方制剂的相关概念探讨

目的：梳理与复方制剂相关的概念,为完善中国复方制剂监管政策提供依据。方法：对2012年底前国内外与复方制剂有关的文献和指南,比较分析复方制剂相关概念的内涵。结果与结论：复方制剂相关的概念国外包括固定剂量复方制剂、多效药片／丸、组合药物、组合包装药品等,中国有复方制剂、复合药;在中国复合药是一个笼统称谓,其实质是西药复方制剂,并不是法定专有名称;国外的固定剂量复方制剂有明确的注册分类原则,而中国复方制剂则没有。     

补骨脂对体外黑素细胞黏附和迁移的作用

目的 :研究补骨脂对黑素细胞黏附和迁移的影响。方法 :用补骨脂处理黑素细胞 ,检测其黏附于牛血清纤维结合素和通过微孔滤膜的细胞数量并与生姜和未经药物处理的黑素细胞比较。结果 :补骨脂可显著促进黑素细胞黏附于牛血清纤维结合素和通过微孔滤膜并呈剂量依赖关系 ,但当补骨脂浓度超过 0.2mg·L^-1时这种作用未见增加。补骨脂浓度在 0.01mg·L^-1时 ,黑素细胞黏附并无显著增加 ,但对迁移的影响已可见统计学差异 (P <0.01)。生姜则不具有这样的作用。结论 :在体外 ,补骨脂能明显促进黑素细胞的黏附和迁移 ,这至少可以部分解释应用补骨脂治疗白癜风是有效的。     

Characterization of the GNMT‐HectH9‐PREX2 tripartite relationship in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma

The pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involves many molecular pathways. Glycine N‐methyltransferase (GNMT) is downregulated in almost all HCC and its gene knockout mice developed HCC with high penetrance. We identified PREX2, a novel PTEN inhibitor, as a GNMT‐interacting protein. Such interaction enhanced degradation of PREX2 through an E3 ligase HectH9‐mediated proteasomal ubiquitination pathway. Depletion of GNMT or HectH9 resulted in AKT activation in a PREX2 dependent manner and enhanced cell proliferation. An elevated PREX2 protein expression accompanied by activation of AKT was observed in the liver of Gnmt knockout mice. PREX2 protein expression was upregulated in 54.9% of human HCC samples, while its mRNA level was comparable in tumor and tumor‐adjacent tissue, suggesting a post‐translational alteration of PREX2 expression. Higher level of PREX2 in the tumor tissues was associated with poorer survival. These results reveal a novel mechanism in which GNMT participates in AKT signaling and HCC tumorigenesis by promoting HectH9‐mediated PREX2 degradation.