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1.
Letter: faecal volatile organic metabolites,promising biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease and Letter: faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Authors’ reply
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![点击此处可从《Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
I. Ahmed R. Greenwood B. Costello N. Ratcliffe C. Probert 《Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics》2016,43(11):1241-1242
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J Picard A Mills B Greenwood 《Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene》1992,86(6):580-581
In recent trials in The Gambia, mass chemoprophylaxis with Maloprim administered over several years by primary health care workers to children aged 3-59 months has reduced both mortality and morbidity without inducing impairment of natural immunity or significant development of drug resistance. Taking expenditure of both time and money, by both public authorities and village volunteers, into account, the costs and the cost effectiveness of such mass chemoprophylaxis are estimated here. The cost per child protected per season was (1990 US) $2.84; the cost per childhood death averted was $143. Both costs compare favourably with those of permethrin bed net impregnation. So in some circumstances where malaria is holoendemic, control of childhood malaria by chemoprophylaxis may be more economically efficient than provision of impregnated bed nets. 相似文献
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A. G. Falade H. Tsch?ppeler B. M. Greenwood E. K. Mulholland 《Bulletin of the World Health Organization》1995,73(3):299-304
The current WHO recommendations for the case management of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children aged 2 months to 5 years in developing countries use fast breathing (respiratory rate of > or = 50 per minute in children under 12 months and > or = 40 in children aged 12 months to 5 years) and lower chest wall indrawing to determine which child is likely to have pneumonia and should therefore receive antibiotics. We have evaluated these and other physical signs in 487 malnourished children and 255 well nourished children who presented with a cough or breathing difficulty. Pneumonia, defined as definite radiological pneumonia or probable radiological pneumonia associated with crackles on auscultation, was present in 145 (30%) of the malnourished children and 68 (26%) of the well nourished children. The respiratory rate predicted pneumonia equally well in the two groups, but to achieve an appropriate sensitivity and specificity the respiratory rate cut-off required in malnourished children was approximately 5 breaths per minute less than that in well nourished children. Intercostal indrawing was more common and lower chest wall indrawing was less common in the malnourished children, with or without pneumonia. These results suggest that fast breathing, as defined at present by WHO, and lower chest wall indrawing are not sufficiently sensistive as predictors of pneumonia in malnourished children. As the latter are a high-risk group, we should like to recommend that children with malnutrition who present with a cough, fast breathing or difficult breathing should be treated with antibiotics. 相似文献
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Methsuximide for intractable childhood seizures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Methsuximide was added to the therapeutic regimens of 25 children with intractable epilepsy. In 15 patients the drug was well tolerated and resulted in a 50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency. No serious or irreversible adverse effects were seen. Methsuximide is frequently overlooked and may be an effective adjunctive antiepileptic for children with intractable seizures. 相似文献
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Exploring Theta Burst Stimulation as an intervention to improve motor recovery in chronic stroke. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of a single session of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, given as Theta Burst Stimulation, on behavioural and physiological measures of hand function in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: Six chronic stroke patients with incomplete recovery of the hand were tested under three conditions: excitatory TBS over the stroke hemisphere (iTBS(SH)), inhibitory TBS (cTBS(IH)) over the intact hemisphere and sham stimulation. Behavioural outcomes included simple and choice reaction time paradigms. Physiological effects were assessed using single pulse TMS on both sides. Changes were sought for up to 40min after TBS. RESULTS: Immediately after iTBS(SH) simple reaction times in the paretic hands were decreased and, compared to sham stimulation, remained significantly shorter throughout the testing period. The amplitude of the MEPs at rest and during background contraction and the area under the Input-Output curves were also increased on the stroke side after iTBS(SH). cTBS(IH) suppressed the MEPs evoked in the healthy hands but did not change motor behaviour or the electrophysiology of the paretic hands. No side effects were encountered. CONCLUSIONS: TBS seems safe in chronic stroke patients. iTBS over the stroke hemisphere transiently improved motor behaviour and corticospinal output in the paretic hands. SIGNIFICANCE: Excitatory TBS may represent a useful rTMS protocol to apply to the stroke hemisphere in future longer term therapy trials. 相似文献
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Movement disorder after withdrawal of fentanyl infusion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J C Lane M B Tennison S T Lawless R S Greenwood A L Zaritsky 《The Journal of pediatrics》1991,119(4):649-651
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Breast cancer: causes of patients'' distress identified by qualitative analysis. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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![点击此处可从《The British journal of general practice》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
BACKGROUND. Previous investigations of the psychological consequences of having breast cancer have usually involved quantitative analysis within medical models. AIM. This qualitative study set out to identify key events which had caused distress to women with breast cancer and to compare the frequency of these events with doctors' beliefs about their relative frequency. METHOD. The causes of distress in 26 women with breast cancer were identified by qualitative analysis of unstructured interviews. Subsequently, all hospital doctors and general practitioners in the Exeter health district were sent a list in random order of the eight events which had most commonly caused distress and were asked to rank them in order of frequency for patients with breast cancer. RESULTS. The responses suggest a mismatch between the doctors' expectations and the experience of the patients. CONCLUSION. Patients may suffer distress in areas of management doctors do not suspect are important; qualitative analysis can identify these areas. 相似文献