Der Postoperative Eiweisszerfall,Sein Nachweis und Seine Bedeutung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Early and mid–term results of the Shelhigh stentless bioprosthesis in patients with active infective endocarditis

Summary Aims This study investigated the early and mid–term results following valve replacement with the new Shelhigh^? stentless bioprosthesis made entirely of biological material in patients with active infective endocarditis (AIE). Material and methods Between 02/2000 and 12/2004, 164 patients (n = 122 men, mean age 59, 18–85 years) received implantation of an AIE Shelhigh^? stentless bioprosthesis in the aortic, mitral, tricuspid or pulmonary position. A total of 119 patients (72.6%) had native AIE and 45 (27.4%) prosthetic AIE. A large proportion of the patients reached the operating room in a condition of cardiac decompensation: 37 (22.6%) patients were intubated, 40 (24.4%) had protracted septic shock and 41 (25.0%) required intensive catecholamine treatment. Surgery was regarded as urgent in 94 patients (57.4%) and was performed as an emergency procedure in 70 (42.6%). The mean follow–up time is 1.5 ± 0.11 years (range, 5 months to 5.2 years). Echocardiographic follow–up examinations were performed early postoperatively and after 12 months. Results In terms of the operative indication, we found a highly significant difference in the survival rate between patients who were operated on urgently vs in an emergency. In patients who died within 30 days, the main cause of death was septic multiorgan failure (67.6%). Only three patients required reoperation due to reinfection of the Shelhigh^? bioprostheses; this represents a reinfection rate of 1.8% in relation to the whole cohort. The postoperative echocardiographic examinations showed the Shelhigh^? valves to have very good hemodynamics without relevant pressure gradients. Conclusion Our experience in the use of Shelhigh^? bioprostheses in patients with native and prosthetic endocarditis show the early and mid–term results, in particular the low reinfection rate and the good hemodynamics, to be comparable with the results achieved using homografts. Since these prostheses are readily available and their implantation straightforward, they are increasingly being used in patients with endocarditis. These promising results need to verified in the long term. This paper was presented at a lecture held at the 71^st annual meeting of the German Society for Cardiology, Mannheim, 31. March—2. April 2005. Disclosure Form: The following study discloses my relationship with any corporate sponsor that might relate in some way to the subject presented.     

Coronary atherosclerosis of the donor heart--impact on early graft failure.

OBJECTIVE: Due to the shortage of donor hearts, the criteria for organ acceptability have been considerably extended and donor grafts with coronary atherosclerosis are among those offered. This study evaluated whether and to what degree pre-existing coronary atherosclerosis may be acceptable. METHODS: A total of 1253 consecutive HTx recipients were investigated retrospectively for donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis (DCAS). Donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis was defined as focal atherosclerosis with stenosis of at least 50%. Inclusion criteria were absence of pre-HTx angiogram but performance of angiogram or autopsy within 6 months after heart transplantation. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test were used. RESULTS: Eighty-five out of 1253 (6.8%) cases were excluded, since coronary evaluation was not performed within 6 months (n=45) or hearts had undergone pre-transplant angiography (n=40). In 1086 patients no donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis was found (NDCAS group) and in 82 patients (7%) donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis was diagnosed by angiography (n=49) or autopsy (n=33). Single-vessel donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis was found in 53/82 patients (DCAS1 group) and double- or triple-vessel donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis in 26/82 patients (DCAS2/3 group). Three of the 82 patients with donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis were excluded since the autopsy report was unclear regarding degree of atherosclerosis. Early after heart transplantation the 30-day mortality in the NDCAS and DCAS1 groups was 12.2% versus 13.2% whereas in the DCAS2/3 group it was 61.5%. Beyond the first year the annual decrease with and without donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis (single-vessel disease) is comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Donor screening without coronary angiogram overlooks significant atherosclerotic lesions in a considerable number of cases (7.0%). Therefore, angiographic donor screening should be performed. Donor grafts with single-vessel coronary atherosclerosis may be accepted as marginal hearts; however, in our opinion, revascularisation (CABG, PTCA) should be considered. Grafts with two- or even three-vessel coronary atherosclerosis seem to have a serious risk for early graft failure. Beyond the first year the outcome of healthy grafts and grafts with donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis seems to be comparable.     

Dislocated wrap after previous reduction aortoplasty causes erosion of the ascending aorta

We report a patient with bicuspid aortic valve and dilatation of the ascending aorta who had previous aortic valve replacement and reduction aortoplasty with wrapping. After 4 years, reoperation because of coronary artery disease and paravalvular leakage revealed an erosion of the aortic wall due to dislocation of the wrap. This complication confirms the need for secure anchoring and good fitting of the Dacron wrap to avoid alterations of the underlying aortic wall.     

Referatenteil

Ohne Zusammenfassung