全文获取类型
收费全文 | 763篇 |
免费 | 59篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 44篇 |
妇产科学 | 4篇 |
基础医学 | 75篇 |
口腔科学 | 15篇 |
临床医学 | 70篇 |
内科学 | 187篇 |
皮肤病学 | 16篇 |
神经病学 | 33篇 |
特种医学 | 126篇 |
外科学 | 66篇 |
综合类 | 106篇 |
预防医学 | 31篇 |
眼科学 | 2篇 |
药学 | 29篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 27篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 15篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 13篇 |
2016年 | 14篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 30篇 |
2013年 | 23篇 |
2012年 | 34篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 34篇 |
2008年 | 43篇 |
2007年 | 32篇 |
2006年 | 21篇 |
2005年 | 12篇 |
2004年 | 12篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 18篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 48篇 |
1997年 | 41篇 |
1996年 | 34篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 28篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 26篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有837条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Akira Sawaki Nobumasa Mizuno Kuniyuki Takahashi Tsuneya Nakamura Masahiro Tajika Hiroki Kawai Toshifumi Isaka Hiroshi Imaoka Yasuyuki Okamoto Masatoshi Aoki Hiroyuki Inoue Ahmed AS Salem Yasushi Yatabe Kenji Yamao 《Digestive endoscopy》2006,18(1):40-44
Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. GIST are defined by positive immunohistochemical staining for KIT or CD34 and thus are generally diagnosed after surgery. Because small GIST are rarely diagnosed before surgery, the clinical course of these small tumors is not clear. The aim of the present study was to follow changes in size and configuration of small GIST that were pathologically confirmed using endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (EUS‐FNAB). Methods: Between July 1997 and December 2003, 16 tumors in 16 patients (10 men and 6 women) with an immunohistochemical diagnosis of GIST were regularly followed in our hospital. The median patient age when EUS‐FNAB was performed was 62 years (range 26–82 years) and the median follow‐up period was 4.9 years (range 0.5–9.6 years). Results: Fourteen tumors showed no remarkable changes in size and shape during follow up compared with the initial diagnosis. Two tumors enlarged: one tumor approximately doubled its diameter in 8 years and the other tumor increased from 1.8 cm at diagnosis to up to 10 cm after only 2 years. Doubling time of the latter tumor was calculated as 3.1 months. Conclusions: We conclude that EUS‐FNAB might be a good modality for final diagnosis of GIST without surgery, and that GIST without rapid growth on follow up can be endoscopically followed. 相似文献
2.
M. C. van den Heuvel K. P. de Jong M. Boot M. J. H. Slooff S. Poppema A. S. H. Gouw 《American journal of transplantation》2006,6(11):2660-2671
The finer branches of the biliary tree (FBBT) contain a regenerative compartment. We hypothesized that preservation of the FBBT together with its microvasculature will lead to recovery of biliary damage and prolonged preservation of bile ductules during the development of chronic liver allograft rejection. The interlobular bile ducts, portal bile ductules and extraportal biliary cells with and without microvessels were studied in sequential biopsies in five patients who fulfilled the Banff criteria of early chronic rejection (CR) (imminence group). Biopsies of CR patients (n = 12) served as controls. Biopsies were double immunostained with CD34 (microvessels) and cytokeratin 7 (biliary structures). Proliferation and proangiogenic activity were assessed with Ki67 and VEGF-A immunostaining. Severe damage of bile ducts in the imminence group did not progress to significant bile duct loss. This was associated with a high proliferative activity in all biliary structures and preservation of the microvascular compartment. VEGF-A expression was increased in all but the reperfusion biopsies. In conclusion, both regenerative activity of the FBBT and an intact microvascular compartment are associated with less damage of the biliary tree and could therefore be prerequisites for biliary regeneration. 相似文献
3.
Coronary artery bypass grafts: visualization with MR imaging 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
4.
5.
6.
Evaluation of a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for rotavirus antigen in faeces 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of clinical pathology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
A new commercial test for the diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis was assessed. With some modifications it compared favourably with electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. 相似文献
7.
Competitive control of the self-renewing T cell repertoire 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We develop a mathematical model for the self-renewing part of the T cell
repertoire. Assuming that self-renewing T cells have to be stimulated by
immunogenic MHC-peptide complexes presented on the surfaces of
antigen-presenting cells, we derive a model of T cell growth in which
competition for MHC-peptide complexes limits T cell clone sizes and
regulates the total number of self-renewing T cells in the animal. We show
that for a sufficient diversity and/or degree of cross-reactivity, the
total T cell number hardly depends upon the diversity of the T cell
repertoire or the diversity of the set of presented peptides. Conversely,
for repertoires of lower diversity and/or cross-reactivity, steady-state
total T cell numbers may be limited by the diversity of the T cells. This
provides a possible explanation for the limited repertoire expansion in
some, but not all, mouse T cell re-constitution experiments. We suggest
that the competitive interactions described by our model underlie the
normal T cells numbers observed in transgenic mice, germ-free mice and
various knockout mice.
相似文献
8.
A. S. Gouw S. Huitema J. Grond M. J. Slooff I. J. Klompmaker C. H. Gips S. Poppema 《The American journal of pathology》1988,133(1):82-94
The present study documents major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class I and II expression during early acute rejection of human liver grafts. Serial graft biopsies (pretransplant, time zero, and 1 week) were studied. Ten patients received azathioprine (AZA) and prednisone; the other six patients were treated with quadruple therapy (azathioprine, cyclosporine A, prednisone, and cyclophosphamide). To study the specificity of changes in MHC antigen expression, biopsies of six patients with minor or no morphologic abnormalities served as controls. In addition, phenotypes of inflammatory cells present during rejection were analyzed using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. The results show that during acute rejection expression of MHC Class I and II antigens increased significantly in the AZA-treated patients, in a pattern similar to that seen in the patients treated with quadruple therapy, showing enhanced MHC Class I expression on hepatocytes, bile duct epithelium, and sinusoidal endothelium, and Class II antigen on Kupffer cells and sinusoidal endothelium. Bile duct epithelium was consistently positive for Class II antigen; no significant difference with the nonrejection group was observed. T cells are the predominant inflammatory cells during rejection with equal quantities of CD4+ and CD8+ cells. A majority of the infiltrating T cells show expression of Class II antigen but do not react with anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibody. This may be the result of immunosuppressive therapy or a simple reflection of the temporary expression of interleukin-2 receptors during lymphocyte activation. The authors hypothesize that the induction of MHC antigens on bile duct epithelium leads to rejection whereas the expression on hepatocytes represents an epiphenomenon. 相似文献
9.
10.
Survey of CAG/CTG repeats in human cDNAs representing new genes: candidates for inherited neurological disorders 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
Neri C; Albanese V; Lebre AS; Holbert S; Saada C; Bougueleret L; Meier-Ewert S; Le Gall I; Millasseau P; Bui H; Giudicelli C; Massart C; Guillou S; Gervy P; Poullier E; Rigault P; Weissenbach J; Lennon G; Chumakov I; Dausset J; Lehrach H; Cohen D; Cann HM 《Human molecular genetics》1996,5(7):1001-1009