Genomic annotation and molecular evolution of monkeypox virus outbreak in 2022

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has generally circulated in West and Central Africa since its emergence. Recently, sporadic MPXV infections in several nonendemic countries have attracted widespread attention. Here, we conducted a systematic analysis of the recent outbreak of MPXV-2022, including its genomic annotation and molecular evolution. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the MPXV-2022 strains belong to the same lineage of the MPXV strain isolated in 2018. However, compared with the MPXV strain in 2018, in total 46 new consensus mutations were observed in the MPXV-2022 strains, including 24 nonsynonymous mutations. By assigning mutations to 187 proteins encoded by the MPXV genome, we found that 10 proteins in the MPXV are more prone to mutation, including D2L-like, OPG023, OPG047, OPG071, OPG105, OPG109, A27L-like, OPG153, OPG188, and OPG210 proteins. In the MPXV-2022 strains, four and three nucleotide substitutions are observed in OPG105 and OPG210, respectively. Overall, our studies illustrated the genome evolution of the ongoing MPXV outbreak and pointed out novel mutations as a reference for further studies.     

雌激素调节免疫系统的研究进展

雌激素不仅对生殖系统有不可缺少的作用 ,且对包括免疫系统在内的其它方面也有重要作用。研究表明雌激素可以调节体液免疫和细胞免疫 ;雌激素含量和功能的失调可以导致一些自身免疫性疾病。深入研究雌激素与免疫系统的调节、作用机制以及与自身免疫性疾病的关系 ,可以更好地了解某些雌激素相关性疾病的发病机理 ,并开创新的治疗方法和思路     

T follicular helper cells improve the response of patients with chronic hepatitis B to interferon by promoting HBsAb production

Journal of Gastroenterology - Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion is considered the optimal outcome of the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this study, we...     

家属参与个性化干预对轻度认知功能损害患者静脉输液安全的影响

目的探讨家属参与个性化护理干预对轻度认知功能损害患者静脉输液安全的影响。方法将2013年9月至12月在中心注射室进行静脉输液治疗的MCI患者39例为对照组,2014年1月至4月的MCI患者40例为观察组,对两组患者进行相同内容的护理干预,观察组患者家属参与护理干预的全过程。1个月后,比较两两组患者的蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)各认知域得分及总分、输液安全问题发生率及对输液过程满意度。结果干预后观察组MoCA各认知域得分及总分、输液安全问题发生率及对输液过程满意度均优于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论家属参与个性化护理干预不仅能改善MCI患者的认知功能,而且能有效减少患者输液安全问题的发生率,提高其对输液过程的满意度。     

核酸扩增及微流芯片技术在献血者HCV筛查中的应用

目的 应用核酸扩增和微流芯片分析方法,用于献血者血液标本丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的检测.方法 选取80份疑似HCV感染的血液标本,分别采用2种ELISA法、胶体金法、化学发光免疫分析(CLIA)法和核酸扩增后微流芯片法分析.结果 经过核酸扩增的HCV阳性血液经分析后皆出现预期大小片段的特异性条带,而阴性血液缺少相应的条带...     

S100A9基因敲除对姥鲛烷诱导小鼠狼疮肾炎的影响

目的：探究S100A9基因敲除(S100A9^-/-)对小鼠狼疮性肾炎(lupus nephritis,LN)的影响,阐明S100A9在LN中的作用。方法：6～8周龄雌性野生型及S100A9^-/-C57BL/6(B6)小鼠各10只;5只野生型B6和5只S100A9^-/-B6小鼠一次性腹腔注射0.5 mL姥鲛烷;另外5只野生型B6和5只S100A9^-/-B6小鼠一次性腹腔注射0.5 mL生理盐水。6个月后处死小鼠;ELISA法检测血清中抗双链DNA(double-stranded DNA,ds-DNA)抗体水平;测定血清肌酐、血清尿素氮、尿蛋白水平;留取肾组织进行HE染色,观察肾脏病理。结果：与野生型B6小鼠相比,S100A9^-/-B6小鼠体重、脾脏重量、肾脏结构、血清肌酐水平等差异无统计学意义;与对照的B6小鼠相比,姥鲛烷诱导的B6小鼠脾脏重量、脾脏长度、血清肌酐、尿素氮、尿蛋白、抗ds-DNA抗体、IgG水平均明显增加,肾脏出现狼疮样改变(肾脏肾小球体积增大,肾小管上皮水肿、管...     

孕激素受体对老年乳腺癌患者辅助内分泌治疗的预测价值

目的:探讨孕激素受体(PR)对雌激素受体阳性(ER )乳腺癌患者,尤其是老年患者的内分泌治疗效果的预测作用。方法:回顾了1991年1月～2002年10月间就诊于复旦大学附属肿瘤医院的3788例连续性可手术乳腺癌患者临床病理资料,选择ER 且接受三苯氧胺3～5年的758例患者作为研究对象,通过分析ER PR 患者与ER PR阴性(-)患者不同的预后评估PR的预测价值。结果:绝经后患者的ER PR-比例较高。与ER PR 患者相比,ER PR-患者在年轻人(<45岁)中的比例较低,而在老年人(≥60岁)中比例升高,但差别没有统计学意义。平均随访时间40个月后,两组间总的DFS无差别(P=0.1374),OS差别显著(P=0.0102)。按年龄<45岁,45岁～60岁和≥60岁三个阶段分层后发现,<45岁组及45岁～60岁组的ER PR 与ER PR-患者的DFS与OS均无差别,但是≥60岁患者两组间差别显著(DFS:P=0.0484;OS:P=0.0009),绝经后患者的组间差别也有相似发现。多因素分析也支持PR对ER 患者OS具有独立预后能力(全部:P=0.032;≥60岁:P=0.006)。结论:PR是能够很好地预测老年ER 患者对三苯氧胺的治疗效果,也对全部ER 患者有较弱的预测作用;老年ER PR-患者对三苯氧胺治疗不敏感,需要临床更合理用药。     

Dehydroepiandrosterone induces apoptosis of thymocyte through Fas/Fas-L pathway

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), the most plentiful steroid hormone, has been convincingly known to have many biological effects and diverse influence in various types of cells, tissues and organs. The effects of DHEA on the humoral and cellular immune response are widely tested, but it is unclear whether DHEA itself serves as an activator of immune function and the literature pertaining to the in vitro effects of DHEA remains contested. In the present paper, the effects of DHEA on the thymocytes in vitro were studied. The results showed that DHEA could enhance the expression of Fas and Fas-L and induce thymocyte apoptosis. This suggests that dehydroepiandrosterone may induce the apoptosis of thymocyte through Fas/Fas-L pathway.