创伤后迟发性脑肿胀的临床特点与治疗

目的 探讨创伤后迟发性脑肿胀的临床特点、发病机制与治疗。方法 回顾性分析1998年1月～2005年6月年收治的17例迟发性脑肿胀患者的临床特点和救治情况。结果 所有颅脑损伤患者采用保守治疗后均有好转，但于伤后5-10d出现恶化，CT复查有脑肿胀，经加强综合脱水等治疗后16例治愈，1例死亡。结论 迟发性脑肿胀好发于对冲性额、颞叶挫裂伤伴明显蛛网膜下腔出血、硬膜下薄层血肿及早期CT有脑肿胀者。其发病机制可能与创伤后的迟发性脑血管痉挛、微循环障碍、静脉回流障碍及甘露醇作用下降等因素有关。此类患者病情隐蔽性强，应加强观察、积极行CT复查，如能早期明确诊断，保守治疗多数效果良好。     

Epithelioid sarcoma in a dog.

A tumour in an 11-year-old male crossbred Fox Terrier, showing the clinical and pathological features of epithelioid sarcoma in man is reported. Clinical aspects, location, peculiar pattern of spread and evolution, together with histopathological and immunohistological findings of this rare tumour simulating a granuloma are described. Controversial histogenesis is discussed.     

Nitric oxide mediates the neurogenic vasodilation of bovine cerebral arteries

Nitric oxide (NO) is a mediator of the vasodilation induced by a variety of physiological and pharmacological stimuli. The possible role of NO in the relaxation elicited in cerebral arteries by perivascular nerve stimulation has been investigated. Electrical field stimulation of precontracted bovine cerebral arteries induced a relaxation that was blocked by tetrodotoxin, but not by adrenergic or muscarinic receptor antagonists, suggesting the existence of noradrenergic, noncholinergic dilator nerves, as has been shown in other species. The relaxation was significantly reduced by the inhibitors of NO synthesis, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine and nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, but not by the enantiomer, NG-monomethyl-D-arginine. Such a reduction was reversed by L-arginine. In addition, transmural nerve stimulation (TNS)-induced relaxation was potentiated by superoxide dismutase. No response to TNS was observed in arteries without endothelium. These results suggested that neurogenic relaxation of bovine cerebral arteries is mediated by endothelium-derived NO.     

Retrorenal colon: implications for percutaneous diskectomy

It has been recommended that computed tomography (CT) with the patient prone be performed in every patient undergoing percutaneous diskectomy; this would enable detection of a retrorenal location of the colon, which could interfere with the percutaneous procedure. In this evaluation of 346 prone CT studies, only one patient (0.29%) was found to have retrorenal or retropsoas bowel that would have been perforated at diskectomy. Because of this extremely low prevalence, the performance of prone CT in every patient undergoing percutaneous lumbar diskectomy is not believed to be necessary.     

肾移植受者血清巨细胞病毒IgE和IgA抗体检测

采用间接ＥＬＩＳＡ检测２３名肾移植受者血清巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）抗体，共检出１８名（７８％）活动性ＣＭＶ感染，其中１０名（４４％）为原发性感染。结果证实ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＥ和－ＩｇＡ具有较好的血清学诊断价值，优于ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ。