大鼠梗阻性胆管炎细胞免疫功能降低及中药锦红片的影响

目的:探讨梗阻性胆管炎大鼠细胞免疫功能降低的发生机制及清热通下中药锦红片的影响.方法:♂SD大鼠24只建立急性梗阻性胆管炎模型,随机分为模型组(n=8)、锦红片治疗组(n=8)和单纯胆管梗阻组(n=8),检测血浆IL-2,CD_3~ ,CD_4~ ,CD_8~ ,内毒素,胸腺指数,胸腺细胞凋亡指数及电镜下观察胸腺的超微结构及凋亡.结果:模型组IL-2,CD_3~ ,CD_4~ 和胸腺指数显著低于治疗组和单纯胆管梗阻组(IL-2:28.5±3.0 ng/L vs 33.9±3.6 ng/L,39.6±2.2 ng/L,P<0.05,P<0.01;CD_3~ :54.5%±5.5% vs 70.7%±4.8%,66.3%±7.1%,均P<0.01;CD_4~ :34.5%±8.3% vs 44.2%±3.3%,44.5%±4.2%,均P<0.01:胸腺指数:0.89±0.18 vs 1.10±0.13.1.12±0.24,均P<0.05),CD_8~ 3组间没有统计学差异,血浆内毒素和凋亡指数明显高于治疗组和梗阻组(内毒素:0.85±0.14 Eu/mL vs 0.53±0.10 EU/mL,0.49±0.11 EU/mL,均P<0.01;凋亡指数:25.7±5.1 vs 15.8±5.5.9.0±3.1.P<0.05,P<0.01),模型组胸腺可见较多典型的凋亡细胞,结果显示经中药干预治疗后,免疫功能、内毒素血症和胸腺细胞凋亡有所改善,接近单纯胆管梗阻组水平.结论:梗阻性胆管炎大鼠存在免疫功能降低,胸腺细胞异常凋亡.锦红片对维持免疫机能的稳定有积极的意义.     

非体外循环不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术在高危冠心病治疗中的作用

目的回顾性研究696例高危冠心病患者接受不同方式冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床资料,评价分析OPCABG治疗高危冠心病的价值。方法 2000年7月至2010年6月696例高危冠状动脉旁路移植术患者(Eu-roSCORE大于6),696例高危冠心病患者根据手术方式分为OPCABG组和CABG组。比较OPCABG和CABG两组病例在术前资料、手术死亡率、EuroSCORE分值、并发症率(并发症包括围术期心肌梗死、出血、脑部并发症、新发心房颤动、急性肾功能衰竭、呼吸功能不全等)等数据,统计分析组间差异。结果 OPCABG组504例,EuroSCORE评分7.71±1.27;CABG组192例,EuroSCORE评分7.64±1.33。全部病例远端吻合口人均3.46±1.42个,ICU时间65.4±6.73 h,带气管插管时间16.4±6.9 h,并发症率27.9%,手术死亡率4.31%,EuroSCORE平均值7.68±1.30。两组病例术前资料在年龄、合并症、性别比例、心功能、EuroSCORE评分等方面差异无显著性。OPCABG组与CABG组在远端吻合口数量、手术时间、输血量、引流量、机械通气时间、重症监护时间、住院...     

Overexpression of galectin-3 enhances migration of colon cancer cells related to activation of the K-Ras–Raf–Erk1/2 pathway

Background

Galectin-3 has been independently correlated with malignant behavior in human colon cancer. The involvement of galectin-3 in the invasiveness of colon cancer cells remains to be determined. We investigated whether galectin-3 was involved in the colon cancer cell migration mediated by certain kinase pathways.

Methods

We studied 2 colon cancer cell lines (DLD-1 and Caco2) and clinical samples. Immunostaining and Western blotting were used to analyze the expression of galectin-3 in vitro and in the clinical samples. Short hairpin RNA and overexpression of galectin-3 were used to study loss- and gain-of-function in a wound-healing assay and a Transwell migration assay, and Western blotting was used to study the Ras–Raf signaling pathway.

Results

Galectin-3 was expressed at lower levels in DLD-1 than in Caco2 cells. The lower galectin-3 level in DLD-1 cells was associated with decreased cell migration, in comparison with that of Caco2 cells. Overexpression of galectin-3 increased the migration rate of DLD-1, while knockdown of galectin-3 decreased the migration. Overexpression of galectin-3 was correlated with increased lamellipodia formation and distal lung localization in a mouse model. The galectin-3 enhancement of DLD-1 cell migration was mediated by K-Ras, Raf and Erk1/2 pathway activation, but not the H-Ras, p38, or JNK activation.

Conclusions

Galectin-3 plays an important role in regulating colon cancer cell migration and potential distal localization. The galectin-3 enhancement of cell migration is mediated through the K-Ras–Raf–Erk1/2 pathway. Specific targeting of the K-Ras–Raf–Erk1/2 pathway may be useful for treating colon cancers associated with increased galectin-3 expression.     

吲哚菁绿的合成

吲哚菁绿（indocyanine green，1）是一种全合成的三羧花青系诊断试剂，又称靛青绿，1955年由美国柯达实验室研发，1956年Fox等首先将其应用于肝功能及循环功能检查，1970年以后广泛应用于眼科血管造影。     

基于互联网的视知觉学习对提升大龄屈光不正性弱视儿童视力的疗效

目的评价基于互联网的视知觉学习系统治疗大龄屈光不正性弱视儿童的疗效,分析其视力的变化,为寻找儿童弱视快速、有效的治疗方法提供参考。方法选取我院收治的弱视患儿88例(160眼),应用基于互联网的视知觉学习系统和传统综合治疗方法对大龄弱视儿童进行治疗,具体训练方案由医师基于患儿视觉表现的初始状态、视功能低下的严重程度以及训练过程中的进步程度来设计。视知觉学习组给予提高视觉噪声和轮廓整合、位置噪声等视觉训练方案;传统综合治疗组采用红光、精细目力训练等治疗。对比观察2组总体疗效,并观察在弱视治疗后6个月患儿的视力变化。结果视知觉学习组的总体疗效均高于传统综合治疗组,视知觉学习组不同程度屈光不正性弱视的总体疗效均高于传统综合治疗组,差异均有显著统计学意义(均为P<0.01)。视知觉学习组视力提高速度明显高于传统综合治疗组,治疗后6个月视知觉学习组视力均数>0.8,此后一直维持该水平,而传统综合治疗组在观察终点视力均数<0.8。视知觉学习组治疗屈光不正性弱视平均训练17.14h可提高1行LogMAR视力,其中重度弱视所需时间最短(12.00h),中度弱视其次(14.04h),轻度弱视所需时间最长(25.12h)。结论基于互联网的视知觉学习系统提供了强烈的、活跃的、有反馈的个性化视觉刺激,对超过视觉发育敏感期的大龄屈光不正性弱视儿童LogMAR的疗效较好,缩短了视功能障碍治疗的周期。此方法能在较短时间达到最佳治疗效果,为弱视的临床治疗提供了新的可行的途径。     

短期眼压波动对准分子激光角膜屈光手术患者术后波前像差的影响

目的 探讨准分子激光角膜屈光手术后短期高眼压是否对患者的波前像差产生影响.方法 选取2009年12月至2010年10月在广西视光中心就诊的准分子激光角膜屈光手术后高眼压患者16例(31眼),男11例(21眼),女5例(10眼),年龄18 ～39岁,其中LASIK患者21眼、SBK患者2眼、WG-SBK患者8眼.使用VISX公司的WaveScan波前像差仪、Canon公司的TX-F非接触式眼压计分别检测患者高眼压状态下及随后的正常眼压条件下的波前像差、眼压.运用SPSS13.0统计软件对前、后两次波前像差检测结果进行配对t检验.结果 31眼高眼压患者中30眼被纳入研究,眼压升高幅度为4.2～14.7 mmHg(1kPa =7.5 mmHg).统计结果显示:高眼压与正常眼压条件下,患者的残余散光分别为(-0.347±0.197)D、(- 0.354±0.200)D;散光轴分别为(89±52).、(78±52).;视模糊效果分别为(0.73±0.30)D、(0.67±0.20) D;总像差分别为(1.10±0.53) μm、(0.99±0.36) μm;总高阶像差分别为(0.52±0.22) μm、(0.50±0.22)μm;彗差分别为(0.27±0.19) μm、(0.28 ±0.21) μm;球差分别为(0.26 ±0.18) μm、(0.24±0.15) μm;三叶草像差分别为(0.17±0.13) μm、(0.17 ±0.14) μm;高阶像差百分比分别为(54.4±21.2)％、(55.3±19.2)％;术后高眼压与正常眼压条件下各种指标差异均无统计学意义(均为P ＞0.05).结论 短期小幅度眼压波动未见对屈光手术患者术后的波前像差产生明显影响.     

激素性高眼压对LASIK术后患者视功能影响的初步研究

目的：探讨激素敏感者LASIK术后早期出现的异常眼压波动对视功能的影响及其潜在机制。

方法：共15例LASIK术后发生激素性高眼压的患者纳入试验组并给予及时有效治疗,另15例未出现高眼压的LASIK术后患者纳入正常对照组。两组患者均嘱定期随访,随访期间所有患者的裸眼视力、对比敏感度、波前像差、角膜地形图等数据被采集用于对比分析。

结果：试验组：患者术后高眼压与术前相比,眼压波动幅度达10.6±4.4mmHg(21.3～32.9mmHg); 患者术后眼压正常时与术后高眼压时相比,裸眼视力、对比敏感度、波前像差、角膜地形图等数据均存在统计学差异。1)裸眼视力：术后眼压正常时优于术后高眼压时的裸眼视力(P<0.001); 2)对比敏感度：术后眼压正常时,患者在3、6、12、18 c/d各频率的对比敏感度均优于高眼压时的对比敏感度(均为P<0.05); 3)波前像差：术后眼压正常时与术后高眼压时相比,患者在总高阶像差、三叶草像差、球差等指标上存在统计学差异(均为P<0.05); 4)角膜地形图：术后眼压正常时与术后高眼压时相比,在Q值、后表面Diff值、角膜中央厚度等指标上存在统计学差异(均为P<0.05)。对照组：随访期内,除角膜中央厚度随时间而增厚外,其它检测指标均无明显变化。

结论：LASIK术后激素易感者发生的短期异常眼压波动可引起显著的视功能改变,而控制眼压波动则可明显改善患者的视觉表现。     

清热通下中药对胆管炎大鼠肠屏障保护和炎症反应调控的研究

目的:探讨清热通下中药在急性胆管炎治疗中对肠黏膜屏障保护和炎症调控的作用.方法:60只SD大鼠分为3组,每组20只.模型组(A组)制作急性胆管炎模型;治疗组(B组)制作急性胆管炎模型并喂清热通下中药治疗;假手术组(C组)仅剖腹后缝合.取血检测细胞因子、炎症介质、内毒素和细菌移位等指标.结果:A组白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6, IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8, IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)、血清C反应蛋白(C reactive protein, CRP)和一氧化氮(nitric oxide, NO)明显高于B组和C组(P<0.01),IL-2则显著低于B组和C组(P<0.01);A组的血清内毒素和肝、脾、肠系膜淋巴结细菌移位数显著高于B组和C组(P<0.01).结论:具有清热通下作用的中药在治疗急性胆道感染中具有保护肠黏膜屏障、降低血清内毒素和调节机体炎症反应的作用.     

Decreased expression of thrombomodulin is correlated with tumor cell invasiveness and poor prognosis in nonsmall cell lung cancer

Thrombomodulin (TM) plays a role in coagulation, inflammation, and cell adhesion. Reduction of TM expression plays an important role in the tumor metastatic process; however, insufficient information is available regarding the expression of TM in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sixty NSCLC patients who underwent surgery were reviewed for TM expression and multiple variables were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. The expression level of TM and its metastatic ability were examined in vitro using the human NSCLC A549 cell line. TM expression in NSCLC was significantly correlated with survival; the 5‐yr survival rates of patients with high and low TM expression were 23% and 18% (P < 0.01), respectively. Distribution of TM was detected predominantly in the normal lung tissue compared with lung cancer tissue. Western blot analysis showed, on average, decreased expression levels of TM protein in the lung cancer tissues of patients with NSCLC. An in vitro study also showed that overexpression of TM can inhibit the invasiveness and migration ability of the A549 cell line, whereas silencing of TM significantly enhanced these processes. This inhibition of cellular migration by overexpression of TM was significantly prevented by the selective inhibitors of PI3K and Akt, but not by MAPK inhibitors. This study demonstrates that a decrease in TM expression may be an indicator in the prognosis of NSCLC patients and provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of TM in the metastasis of NSCLC. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.